Test 2. Discuss the contributions of the following theorist in education.

1. Jean Piaget- In Piaget's philosophy, developmental psychology has had a significant impact as
a characteristic field of study in psychology and has contributed significantly to education.
Today, he is best known for his research on cognitive development in infants. Piaget researched
the intellectual development of his own three children and devised a hypothesis that identified
the phases that children are going through in the development of intelligence and formal thinking
processes.
2. Albert Bandura- The social learning theory of Albert Bandura highlighted the importance of
observer learning, imitation and modelling. "The theory that individuals had only to focus on the
consequences of their own behavior to remind them of what to do would be very laborious to
understand, not to mention risky, 'integrated the constant relationship between attitudes,
cognitions and the environment.
3. Jerome Bruner- The constructivist approach of Jerome Bruner makes the students understand
lessons deeper by concept-setting, improves their cognitive abilities, fosters an interest in
learning and systematizes the ability of the students to solve questions, and enhances the memory
of learning materials.
4. Ivan Pavlov- Pavlov has shown that objects or activities will cause a conditional response in
the famous experiments Ivan Pavlov has performed with his dogs. The tests with Pavlov found
that there will be an unconditionally sensitive reaction by the presence of a dog food bowl
(stimulus) (salivation). But Pavlov discovered that the dogs began to equate the food with his
laboratory assistant, thereby producing a learned response. It was a major science observation.
5. Lev Vygotsky- Vygotsky has thought of the other more experienced as someone with more
experience and knowledge than the student. This person is also an adult like a parent or educator.
Children still learn a lot about their experiences. Children also owe more focus, and they do to
the adults of their lives, to what peers and classmates know.
Test 3. Answer the question below comprehensively.
The role and behavioral traits of parents towards child’s human learning environment
supports children’s learning. The causal function of responsive parenting is now encouraged as
the impact of multiple parenting strategies on increased improvements in the parent’s patterns of
young children's learning with responsive styles. It is the ideal way to promote the growth of
children's cognitive and social skills required for subsequent school achievement. Accepting the
needs of the child with answers which are rapid and conditional on what the child signals
facilitates learning, partially by promoting the creation of tension and excitement areas exist in
the child's environment.
2. Describe the classroom climate that is conducive for learning.
A classroom climate that has conducive for learning means, learning classroom has been
well and well ventilated and has the correct sanitary environment. It should also be a non-
threatening classroom in which the children are accepted, they are not alone, and there is nothing
to fear. Effective teachers explore every resource possible to improve learning for pupils. A
educational aid should not be overlooked in classroom settings. Students and teachers spend
much of their day at classes, and it is your duty to cultivate a learning experience and
atmosphere. The construction of a learning-friendly classroom climate includes a physical
environment, a co-operation of students, establishment of a shared environment and, ultimately,
preservation of a healthy classroom climate and culture.