MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF

TECHNICAL EDUCATION

NAVJEEVAN EDUCATION SOCIETY’S

POLYTECHNIC

MICRO PROJECT

Academic year: 2020-21

TITLE OF MICRO PROJECT

HOME APPLIANCES AND THEIR
SPECIFICATIONS
Program: COMPUTER ENGINEERING
Program code: CO2I
Course: ELEMENTS OF ELECTRONICSENGG .
Course code: 22213.
 MAHARASHTRA STATE
BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION
Certificate

This is to certify that 1.

nd
(321) .
(322).
(323).
(324).
of 2 Semester of Diploma in COMPUTER Engineering. of
Institute, Navjeevan Education Society’s Polytechnic(Code: 0144)
has completed the Micro Project satisfactorily in Subject :
ELEMENTS OF ELECTRONICSENGG (22213) for the
academic year 2020-21 as prescribed in the curriculum.
Place: Bhandup.

Date:-……………………….. Exam Seat no:- 1.

 2.
3.

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

SR Name of Group Roll Enrollment Seat
NO Members no no no
1. Vaibhav kothare 1113 2001440093

2. Shruti Jangam 1114 2001440094

3. Ketan Ambolkar 1115 2001440095

4. Soham Swant 1116 2001440096

GROUP DETAILS
 
HOME APPLIANCES AND THEIR
SPECIFICATIONS

NAVJEEVAN POLYTECHNIC
BHANDUP (WEST)
 LIGHT BULB
An incandescent light bulb, incandescent
lamp or incandescent light globe is an electric light with
a wire filament heated until it glows. The filament is
enclosed in a glass bulb with a vacuum or inert gas to
protect the filament from oxidation. Current is supplied
to the filament by terminals or wires embedded in the
glass. A bulb socket provides mechanical support and
electrical connections.

A 230-volt incandescent light bulb with a

medium-sized E27 (Edison 27 mm) male
screw base. The filament is visible as the
mostly horizontal line between the vertical
supply wires.

An SEM image of the tungsten filament of

an incandescent light bulb
Incandescent bulbs are manufactured in a
wide range of sizes, light output, and voltage ratings, from
1.5 volts to about 300 volts. They require no
external regulating equipment, have low manufacturing
costs, and work equally well on either alternating
current or direct current. As a result, the incandescent bulb
became widely used in household and commercial lighting,
for portable lighting such as table lamps, car headlamps,
and flashlights, and for decorative and advertising lighting.

MANUFACTURES:-

Early bulbs were laboriously assembled by hand. After

automatic machinery was developed,
the cost of bulbs fell. Until 1910,
when Libbey's Westlake machine
went into production, bulbs were
generally produced by a team of three
workers (two gatherers and a master
gaffer) blowing the bulbs into
wooden or cast-iron molds, coated
with a paste.Around 150 bulbs per
hour were produced by the hand-
blowing process in the 1880s at
Corning Glass Works. The
1902tantalumfilament light bulb was the first
one to have a metal filament. This one is from 1908.
The Westlake machine, developed by Libbey Glass, was
based on an adaptation of the Owens-Libbey bottle-blowing
machine. Corning Glass Works soon began developing
competing automated bulb-blowing machines, the first of
which to be used in production was the E-Machine. Corning
continued developing automated bulb-production machines,
installing the Ribbon Machine in 1926 in its Wellsboro,
Pennsylvania, factory. The Ribbon Machine surpassed any
previous attempts to automate bulb production and was
used to produce incandescent bulbs into the 21st century.
The inventor, William Woods, along with his colleague at
Corning Glass Works, David E. Gray, had created a
machine that by 1939 was turning out 1,000 bulbs per
minute.[

Power supply of incandescent lamps :-

Due to the very high temperature of the filament during
operation (up to 2500° C), its resistance varies greatly
depending on whether the lamp is on or off. As the cold
resistance is low, a current peak occurs on ignition that can
reach 10 to 15 times the nominal current for a few
milliseconds or even several milliseconds. This constraint
affects both ordinary lamps and halogen lamps: it imposes a
reduction in the maximum number of lamps that can be
powered by a device such as remote-control switch,
modular contactor or relay for busbar trunking. Varying the
brightness This can be obtained by varying the voltage
applied to the lamp. This voltage variation is usually
performed by a device such as a triac dimmer switch, by
varying its firing angle in the line voltage period
 AIR CONDITIONER
Air-conditioning dates back to prehistory. Ancient
Egyptian buildings used a wide variety of passive air-
conditioning techniques. These became widespread from
the Iberian Peninsula through North Africa, the Middle
East, and Northern India. Similar techniques were
developed in hot climates elsewhere.
Passive techniques remained widespread until the 20th
century, when they fell out of fashion, replaced by
powered A/C. Using information from engineering
studies of traditional buildings, passive techniques are
being revived and modified for 21st-century architectural
designs.

An array of air
conditioners outside a
commercial office
building
Air conditioners allow
the building indoor
environment to remain
relatively constant
largely independent of
changes in external weather conditions and internal heat
loads. They also allow deep plan buildings to be created
and have allowed people to live comfortably in hotter parts
of the world
Types of air conditioner
Ductless systems (or mini-split) systems typically supply
conditioned and heated air to a single or a few rooms of a
building, without ducts and in a decentralized
manner. Multi-zone or multi-split systems are a common
application of ductless systems and allow up to 8 rooms
(zones or locations) to be conditioned independently from
each other, each with its own indoor unit and
simultaneously from a single outdoor unit. The main
problem with multi-split systems is the length of the
refrigerant lines for connecting
the external unit to the internal
ones.
The first mini-split systems
were sold in 1954-1968
by Mitsubishi
Electric and Toshiba in Japan, where its development was
motivated by the small size of homes. Multi-zone ductless
systems were invented by Daikin in 1973, and variable
refrigerant flow systems (which can be thought of as larger
multi-split systems) were also invented by Daikin in 1982.
Both were first sold in Japan. Variable refrigerant flow
systems when compared with central plant cooling from
an air handler, eliminate the need for large cool air ducts,
air handlers, and chillers; instead cool refrigerant is
transported through much smaller pipes to the indoor units
in the spaces to be conditioned thus allowing for less space
above dropped ceilings and a lower structural impact, while
also allowing for more individual and independent
temperature control of spaces, and the outdoor and indoor
units can be spread across the building. Variable refrigerant
flow indoor units can also be turned off individually in
unused spaces.
MANUFACTURING:-
Air conditioners are made of different types of metal.
Frequently, plastic and other nontraditional materials are
used to reduce weight and cost. Copper or aluminum
tubing, critical ingredients in many air conditioner
components, provide superior thermal properties and a
positive influence on system efficiency. Various
components in an air conditioner will differ with the
application, but usually they are comprised of stainless steel
and other corrosion-resistant metals.
Self-contained units that house the refrigeration system will
usually be encased in sheet metal that is protected from
environmental conditions by a paint or powder coating.
The working fluid, the fluid that circulates through the air-
conditioning system, is typically a liquid with strong
thermodynamic characteristics like freon, hydrocarbons,
ammonia, or water.
All air conditioners have four basic components: pump,
evaporator, condenser, and expansion valve. Hot refrigerant
vapor is pumped at high pressure through the condenser,
where it gives off heat to the atmosphere by condensing into
a liquid. The cooled refrigerant then passes through the

expansion valve, which lowers the pressure of the liquid.

The liquid refrigerant now enters the evaporator, where it
will take heat from the room and change into a gaseous
state. This part of the cycle releases cool air into the air-
conditioned building. The hot refrigerant vapor is then
ready to repeat the cycle.
Power supply required:

In India, the voltage that is provided in majority of

household is around 240 V. Power source with
specifications of 230 ~240V/50 Hz is required for AC
operation. Therefore, the power supplied is sufficient for the
operation of Air-conditioners.
 WATER PURIFIER
Pure, clean and safe drinking water isn’t available easily
these days. Growing population, industrial development and
environmental degradation are all causes for this. Given this
situation, it becomes even more important for us to be
aware of purification techniques and the available water
purifiers in the market to ensure that our drinking water is
of good quality.

A lot of minerals are found naturally in water and are

important for the human body but consuming an excess
amount of it can cause many diseases. A good water
purifier removes the excess salts, suspended particles and
microbes, and retains its essential vitamins and minerals.
With so many manufacturers in the water purification
industry these days, it is difficult to know which is good,
which isn’t and which meets necessary standards.
Both water filters and water purifiers work on the same
mechanical principle. They first suck up raw water which is
contaminated, filter out impurities ranging from sediments
to micro-organisms and then dispense clean water. However
there is one big difference between the two – a purifier can
remove viruses and bacteria that filters cannot remove.
Some purifiers use chemicals and others use an electro-
static charge to kill or capture viruses.

MANUFACTURING:-
The Reverse Osmosis process begins with pre-filtration
of the source water. Pre-filtration allows large
particulates and contaminants in the water to be easily
removed before reaching the membrane used in the RO
process. By filtering the water, the shelf life of the semi-
permeable membrane employed by the RO unit is
increased through the prevention of clogging.

If molecules are allowed to accumulate too much on the

membrane, the effectiveness of the process is reduced
and there will be a noticeable drop in pressure between
stages. If a unit is losing pressure through each stage of
the RO process, it is highly possible that the water has
not been filtered well enough before entering the unit
and contamination is causing the pressure loss
 Energy consumption per m3leachate

name of 1-stage up to 2-stage up to 3-stage up to

module 75 bar 75 bar 120 bar

disc tube 6.1–8.1 kWh/ 8.1–9.8 kWh/ 11.2–14.3

module m3 m3 kWh/m3
Power supply required

Disc tube module with RO membrane cushion and Spiral

wound module with RO membrane
 Micro Project Evaluation Sheet

Name of Student: Vaibhav Santosh Kothare

Enrollment No : 2001440093

Name of Programme : Computer Engineering. Semester:2

Course Title: Elements Of Electronics Code : 22213.

Title of Micro Project : HOME APLLIANCES AND THEIR SPECIFICATION

Course Outcomes Achieved:

A home appliance, also referred to as a domestic appliance,

an electric appliance or a household appliance,[1] is a machine
which assists in household functions[2] such
as cooking, cleaning and food preservation.
Appliances are divided into three types:

 small appliances;
 major appliances, or white goods;[3]
 and consumer electronics, or brown goods.[4]

Sr. Charateristic to be Poor( Average( Good( Excellent( Sub

n assessed Mar ks Ma rks 4 Mar ks Ma rks 9-
o 1-3) - 5) 6-8 ) 10) Tot
(A)Process and Product Assessment(Convert above total marks out of 6 marks.)

1. Relevance to the Course

2. Literature

Review/information col

3. Completion of the target

as per project proposal

4. Analysis of data

5. Quality

6. Report Preparation.

(B) Individual Presentation/Viva (Convert above marks Total Marks out of 4)

7. Presentation

8. Viva

(A) (B) Total Marks 10

Process and Product Individual

Comments/Suggestions about team work.leadership/inter-personal

communication
……………………………………………………………………………………
Name and designation of the Teacher
……………………………………………. Dated Signature
…………………………………………….
 Micro Project Evaluation Sheet

Mame of Student: Shruti Sunil Jangam Enrollment No : 200144094

Name of Programme : Computer Engineering. Semester:2.

Course Title: Elements Of Electronics Code : 22213.

Title of Micro Project : HOME APLLIANCES AND THEIR SPECIFICATION

Course Outcomes Achieved:

A home appliance, also referred to as a domestic appliance,

an electric appliance or a household appliance,[1] is a machine
which assists in household functions[2] such
as cooking, cleaning and food preservation.
Appliances are divided into three types:

 small appliances;
 major appliances, or white goods;[3]
 and consumer electronics, or brown goods.[4]

Sr. Charateristic to be Poor( Average( Good( Excellent( Sub

n assessed Mar ks Ma rks 4 Mar ks Ma rks 9-
o 1-3) - 5) 6-8 ) 10) Tot
 (A)Process and Product Assessment(Convert above total marks out of 6 marks.)

1. Relevance to the Course

2. Literature

Review/information col

3. Completion of the target

as per project proposal

4. Analysis of data
5. Quality

6. Report Preparation.

(B) Individual Presentation/Viva (Convert above marks Total Marks out of 4)

7. Presentation

8. Viva

(A) (B) Total Marks 10

Process and Product Individual

Comments/Suggestions about team work.leadership/inter-personal

communication
……………………………………………………………………………………
Name and designation of the Teacher
……………………………………………. Dated Signature
…………………………………………….
 Micro Project Evaluation Sheet

Mame of Student: Ketan Vijay Ambolkar Enrollment No :

2001440095

Name of Programme : Computer Engineering. Semester:2

Course Title: Elements Of Electronics Code : 22213.

Title of Micro Project : HOME APLLIANCES AND THEIR SPECIFICATION

Course Outcomes Achieved:

A home appliance, also referred to as a domestic appliance,
an electric appliance or a household appliance,[1] is a machine
which assists in household functions[2] such
as cooking, cleaning and food preservation.
Appliances are divided into three types:

 small appliances;
 major appliances, or white goods;[3]
 and consumer electronics, or brown goods.[4]

Sr. Charateristic to be Poor( Average( Good( Excellent( Sub

n assessed Mar ks Ma rks 4 Mar ks Ma rks 9-
o 1-3) - 5) 6-8 ) 10) Tot
 (A)Process and Product Assessment(Convert above total marks out of 6 marks.)

1. Relevance to the Course

2. Literature

Review/information col

3. Completion of the target

as per project proposal

4. Analysis of data

5. Quality

6. Report Preparation.

(B) Individual Presentation/Viva (Convert above marks Total Marks out of 4)

7. Presentation

8. Viva

(A) (B) Total Marks 10

Process and Product Individual

Comments/Suggestions about team work.leadership/inter-personal

communication
……………………………………………………………………………………
Name and designation of the Teacher
……………………………………………. Dated Signature
…………………………………………….
 Micro Project Evaluation Sheet

Name of Student: Soham Santosh Sawant Enrollment No : 2001440096

Name of Programme : Computer Engineering.

Semester:2

Course Title: Elements Of Electronics Code : 22213.

Title of Micro Project : HOME APLLIANCES AND THEIR SPECIFICATION

Course Outcomes Achieved:

A home appliance, also referred to as a domestic appliance,

an electric appliance or a household appliance,[1] is a machine
which assists in household functions[2] such
as cooking, cleaning and food preservation.
Appliances are divided into three types:

 small appliances;
 major appliances, or white goods;[3]
 and consumer electronics, or brown goods.[4]

Sr. Charateristic to be Poor( Average( Good( Excellent( Sub

n assessed Mar ks Ma rks 4 Mar ks Ma rks 9-
o 1-3) - 5) 6-8 ) 10) Tot
 (A)Process and Product Assessment(Convert above total marks out of 6 marks.)

1. Relevance to the Course

2. Literature

Review/information col

3. Completion of the target

as per project proposal

4. Analysis of data
5. Quality

6. Report Preparation.

(B) Individual Presentation/Viva (Convert above marks Total Marks out of 4)

7. Presentation

8. Viva

(A) (B) Total Marks 10

Process and Product Individual

Comments/Suggestions about team work.leadership/inter-personal

communication
……………………………………………………………………………………
Name and designation of the Teacher
……………………………………………. Dated Signature
…………………………………………….