GROUP-ASSIGNMENT

Social & Psychological Development

Sir Muhammad Faraz

SUBMITTED BY:
Abdul Hanan-(02-111181-121)
Marium Naeem-(02-111182-014)
Syeda Faryal Zehra-(02-111182-117)
Syeda Abeeha Raza-(02-111182-072)
Asim Anwar-(02-111182-136)
Syed Zain Ahmed Subzwari-(02-111182-004)

Class & Section: BBA-5A

Submission Date: 30th December 2020

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES

BAHRIA UNIVERSITY, KARACHI CAMPUS.
 STEPHEN W. HAWKING
Question No. 1: Who is he?
Answer:
Stephen Hawking, in full Stephen William Hawking, (born January 8, 1942, Oxford, Oxford
shire, England—died March 14, 2018, Cambridge, Cambridge shire), English theoretical
physicist whose theory of exploding black holes drew upon both relativity theory and quantum
mechanics. He also worked with space-time singularities.
Hawking studied physics at University College, Oxford (B.A., 1962), and Trinity Hall,
Cambridge (Ph.D., 1966). He was elected a research fellow at Gonville and Caius College at
Cambridge. In the early 1960s, Hawking contracted amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, an incurable
degenerative neuromuscular disease. He continued to work despite the disease’s progressively
disabling effects.

Question No. 2: In what ways he is smart?

Answer:
He has an IQ of 160. Most of his life was spent in a wheelchair crippled by amyotrophic lateral
sclerosis (ALS), a form of motor neuron disease that attacks the nerves controlling voluntary
movement. Remarkably, Hawking defied predictions he would only live for a few years,
overcoming its debilitating effects on his mobility and speech that left him paralyzed and able to
communicate only via a computer speech synthesizer.
In 1974, he became one of the youngest fellows of Britain's most prestigious scientific body, the
Royal Society, at the age of 32. In 1979 he was appointed Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at
Cambridge University, where he had moved from Oxford University to study theoretical
astronomy and cosmology.

Question No. 3: What do they do that sets them apart in intelligence?

Answer:
Imagine a muscle cramp. It starts small and grows into a fire, coursing through your leg, your
arm, your neck, disappearing in 30 seconds. Imagine that fire engulfing your body for 55 years.
Imagine that pain, that disease stealing your mobility, your voice, your ability to breathe.
Stephen Hawking never allowed his disease to define him. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis took
many things from him, but it did not take his mind. Instead, Hawking proved to be one of the
most influential physicists since Albert Einstein.
Question No. 04: Why Stephen W Hawking was smart?
Answer:
He Invented Black Hole
What Hawking did was increase our understanding of what a black hole is. Through his
mathematical theorems, Hawking was able to “prove” exceptions in Einstein’s theories of
gravity. His work showed that there were points in the universe where those gravitational
theories broke down. Black holes formed some of these “singularities.”
Hawking’s interest did not stop there. He also theorized about the laws of thermodynamics.
Before him, the main concept in physics was that black holes radiated no energy and thus, could
not have entropy. Hawking’s mathematical concepts proved a black hole can emit radiation at
the quantum level. This radiation is now called Hawking radiation.
He authored many books, including the bestseller  A Brief History of Time
Hawking wrote his New York Times bestseller in 1988 and has sold more than 10 million copies
in 30 years. In it, Hawking brings some very heavy concepts in physics and puts them in non-
technical terms. In it, he describes things like general relativity, the Big Bang, quarks, and ideas
about space and time in ways easily grasped by the public. Some of the questions Hawking
posed in the tome include: How did the universe begin—and what made its start possible? Does
time always flow forward? Is the universe unending—or are there boundaries? Are there other
dimensions in space? What will happen when it all ends?
He changed the view of seeing the Universe
In A Brief History of Time, Hawking lays out his career objectives, “My goal is simple. It is a
complete understanding of the universe, why it is as it is, and why it exists at all.” Hawking may
not have gotten there by the end of his life, but he certainly advanced all of humanity’s
understanding by leaps and bounds. But one of the things Hawking did most effectively was
synthesizing theories of quantum mechanics into general relativity. Combining the two left the
entire world closer to a “theory of everything.”
Making his genius more incredible, Hawking achieved most of his feats after being diagnosed
with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in 1963. Stephen Hawking died March 14 at the age of
78.

Question No. 5: Was Stephen Hawking born that way?

Answer:
Yes, genius peoples are gifted since childhood, and they are geniuses by birth.
Question No. 06: What psychological principle contribute to Stephen Hawking
Intelligence?
Answer:
His mental processes were involved in gaining knowledge and comprehension.
These cognitive processes include thinking, knowing, remembering, judging, and problem-
solving. These are higher-level functions of the brain and encompass language, imagination,
perception, and planning. He was able to take in new information, form new memories, and
make connections with other things. He used his knowledge of these cognitive processes to help
create instructive materials to help people learn new concepts.
Gardner introduced eight different types of intelligence consisting of: Linguistic,
Logical/Mathematical, Spatial, Bodily-Kinesthetic, Musical, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, and
Naturalist

Question No. 07: Which type of intelligence would Gardner say Stephen Hawking possess
the most of?
Answer:
Stephen Hawking Possessed Logical-Mathematical Intelligence:
Hawking, whom we know from his studies on time and space, has a high level of intelligence.
One of the most interesting details about Hawking is his illness. He used a wheelchair, could not
speak, and was forced to communicate via a computer, but he never lost hope. The famous ‘Big
Bang Theory’ is the work of Hawking.
He used to work with numbers, figure things out, analyze situations; see how things work;
exhibit precision in problem-solving; work in situations with clear answers. He could handle
chains of reasoning and to recognize patterns and order.

Question No. 08: Is Stephen Hawking also creative or do they have high emotional
intelligence?
Answer:
Creative:
Yes, Stephen Hawking is known for his intelligence, imagination, creativity, and groundbreaking
work in physics, cosmology, black holes, and, well, The Theory of Everything. As a Theoretical
Physicist, he must challenge the status quo every single day. he opened our eyes to several
cosmological subjects over the years. He has changed fundamentally our understanding of the
big bang, and quantum mechanics.
He stated: "Intelligence is the ability to adapt to change."
The loss of motor skills forced the burgeoning cosmologist to become more creative as he noted:
"By losing the finer dexterity of my hands, I was forced to travel through the universe in my
mind and try to visualize how it worked."
High Emotional Intelligence
Stephen Hawking was a visionary, futurist, and one of the most intelligent humans ever. Surely,
Stephen Hawking had a very high EQ and recognized many dimensions of intelligence help
build out greater insights for successfully navigating organizational dynamics, relationships, and
engagement levels Yet, as we face this increasingly volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous
world, it seems that we need more insights along the lines of what Stephen Hawking was saying.
“intelligence is the ability to adapt to change”.  
Self-awareness: He was aware of himself, used to recognize his emotions.
Self-regulation/self-control: He was able to control his emotion and refocus the negative
emotional impulses into positive ones.
Motivation: He was incredibly motivated towards his goals. This is because he had learned how
to manage negative emotions and promote a positive attitude.
Empathy: He used to understand how people are feeling. He used to adjust his emotions and
behaviors to respond positively
Adaptability: He used to find it easier to adapt his emotions and behaviors to any situation. This
makes him more likely to propel himself forward.

SIR ISAAC NEWTON

Question No. 01: Who is he?
Answer:
Sir ISAAC NEWTOM (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27) was an English,
mathematician, physicist, astronomer, theologian, and author (described in his own day as a
"natural philosopher") who is widely recognized as one of the most influential scientists of all
time and as a key figure in the scientific revolution.

Question No 02: In what ways he is smart? What do they do that sets them apart in
intelligence?
Answer:
ISAAC NEWTON is unusually famous because he put together various elements that had been
assembling for the past couple of centuries. He was the right person at the right moment and
would not otherwise have been so famous.
Robert Boyle rated the greater scientist at the time. But his chemical and physical work was soon
overtaken. So was Newton's work on light - his corpuscular theory was displaced by early Wave
Theory and was very different from modern quantum theory. He supposed that light in water or
glass would be speeded up when it was slowed.
Newton was also co-inventor with Leibniz of modern Calculus, which itself had a long history.
Newton's notation system was discarded.
His most famous contribution was Universal Gravity. Everyone knew there was such a thing as
gravity, a tendency for objects to fall. Galileo had clarified it, and even in mediaeval times there
were people who thought there might be many "centers of gravity" rather than the Aristotelian
notion of just one. And Kepler had worked out the Laws of Motion, centered on the sun and with
the obvious implication that it was the sun. And likewise, the relationship between the tides and
the moon was suspected by Kepler, though Galileo unfortunately rejected it.
Newton took three vital steps:
1) correctly saying that an apple falling, and the orbit of the moon were two aspects of a
single force, despite apparent differences.
2) Working out in detail what this would mean, and how it explained planetary motion.
3) Doing the same for the tides, explaining why you get high tide when the moon is on the
other side of the Earth as well as when it was overhead.
There were faults in even this. He could not exactly explain the moon's motion, which is an
infinite sum, though excellent approximations are possible. He also thought that the solar system
would fall into disorder, because of the observed shifts in the orbit of Jupiter and Saturn. Since
their motions also matched those recorded by the Classical Greeks, he assumed that God must be
stepping in to adjust them as a human might adjust a clock. It needed later workers,
notably Pierre-Simon Laplace, to show that there were long-term cycles that kept the system
stable.
Despite this, the basic Law of Gravitation held out wonderfully till the early 20th century and
General Relativity. New worlds like Uranus and Neptune were found and conformed, with
Neptune correctly predicted on the assumption that Newtonian rules were solid.
He was brilliant but perhaps hyped beyond the very high level that he genuinely merited. We
have no way to know what his IQ score would have been. For modern scientists, the famous
sometimes have very high IQs but sometimes just moderately high, lower than other scientists
who did nothing notable and all of these are simply the top end of the human range of
intelligence.

Question No. 03: Why Sir Isaac Newton was smart?

Answer:

Sir Isaac Newton was smart because he was born that way. Newton was one of the smartest
individuals to ever walk the planet.  Investing is not about smart and stupid; it is about
what works and what does not. 
Newton violated all our three investing principles:

1) No one can predict the future.

2) Markets trend.
3) Manage risk (with a plan!).

Question No. 04: What psychological principles contribute to Sir Isaac Newton
intelligence?
Answer:
Although the eminence of Newton in mathematics, astronomy, and physics is universally known,
his powerful and misleading influence upon psychology is not generally appreciated. In
accordance with the spiritistic philosophy current in his time, and based on his prismatic color
experiments, he constructed a model of perception which has dominated psychological thinking
for centuries in complete variance from fact and naturalistic theory.
Question No. 05: Were Sir Isaac Newton born that way?
Answer:
Yes, Sir Isaac Newton was born intelligence. He was certainly unusually intelligent, this was
recognized early on by his teachers, and he became a brilliant and original thinker in
mathematics. He was unusually suited for the work that he did in physics, which was a tiny
fraction of his intellectual output. People like to believe that all are created equal when it comes
to intellectual abilities. This idea cannot be farther from the truth. Genius is quite real, and Isaac
Newton was one of the unique geniuses in human history.
Question No. 06: Which type of intelligence would Gardner say Sir Isaac Newton possess
the most of?
Answer:
The type of intelligence Sir Isaac Newton possesses is Logical Mathematic and Naturalistic who
was the first to offer a comprehensive mathematical explanation of the planetary orbits in our
solar system. When he looked at the solar system, he was probably the first to understand the
true complexity of the physics involved, and it was dazzling.
Question No. 07: Is Sir Isaac Newton also creative or do they have high emotional
intelligence?
Answer:
When his university is closed due to an outbreak of the plague, a young man retreats to
his childhood home in Lincolnshire to consider the laws of gravity. Observing apples
falling to the ground he is struck by (not an apple) an epiphany!
Isaac Newton is one of the most influential scientists of all time and was particularly
interested in how the universe worked. Born in 1643 and studying at Cambridge
University, Newton followed the work of Galileo and studied the relationship between
the sun and the planets revolving around it. However, Newton’s interests were not
limited to this and he also focused on mathematics, physics, optics, and astronomy. So,
this shows that he is a creative person.
Newton possessed a very high level of intelligence. In 1720 Newton lost almost all his life
savings when the price of a stock he owned, the South Sea Company, plummeted. Early in the
run-up of the stock price, Newton bought and sold the stock for a very good profit. But he then
decided to reinvest to make even more money. He did not get out in time, and he lost most of
his principal.

SIR ANDREW WILES

Question No. 01: Who is he?
Answer:

Sir Andrew Wiles is one of the smartest people in the world. He was born on April 11, 1953,
Cambridge, England. He was a British mathematician who proved Fermat’s last theorem. In
recognition he was awarded a special silver plague. He was beyond the traditional age limit of 40
years for receiving the gold field’s medal by international mathematical union in 1998. Andrew
Wiles has been awarded the prestigious Abel prize for his ‘Stunning Proof’ of Fermat’s last
theorem. Wiles life has been dedicated to the Three century old theorem which has been his
‘Passion from an early age’ after he read The Last Problem by ET BELL.

Question No 02: In what ways he is smart? What do they do that sets them apart in
intelligence?
Answer:
Shaping Mathematics:
Wiles work is not merely a solution to theory. His findings have shaped mathematics and entire
approach to field and were originally submitted as a 200-page file.
To broaden this notion of intelligence Gardner introduced eight different types of intelligences
out of which Sir Andrew Wiles possessed the Logical/Mathematical Intelligence.

Question No. 03: What psychological principles contribute to Sir Andrew Wiles
intelligence?
Answer:
Psychological principle:
The principles are organized into five areas of psychological functioning: cognition and
learning; motivation; social and emotional dimensions; context and learning; and assessment.
Sir Andrew wiles had possessed cognitive psychological principle.
Cognitive psychology is based on two assumptions: (1) Human cognition can at least
in principle be fully revealed by the scientific method, that is, individual components of mental
processes can be identified and understood, and (2) Internal mental processes can be described in
terms of rules or algorithms in.

Question No. 4: Was Sir Andrew Wiles born that way?

Answer:
Yes, genius peoples are gifted since childhood, and they are geniuses by birth.

Question No. 05: Is Sir Andrew Wiles also creative or do they have high emotional
intelligence?
Answer:
Creativity:
He belonged to little c creativity which is about “acting with flexibility, intelligence and novelty
in the everyday”. This everyday kind of creativity can be found in kind of person who can
resolve a complex problem at work, is a keen gardener with an eye for design; This little -C
creativity involves practice and maybe developed over a long period of time. This interest has
provided the infrastructure for little -c creativity to thrive.
High emotional intelligence:
 It is best to start with a quote from Sir Andrew Wiles himself. During an interview for a BBC
documentary, author, journalist, and TV producer Simon Singh asked him what he felt about this
process of solving such a hard problem to which he gave an analogy of the problem with the
exploration of a dark mansion (Simon). Wiles said:
“You enter the first room of the mansion, and it’s completely dark. You stumble around bumping
into the furniture, but gradually you learn where each piece of furniture is. Finally, after six
months or so, you find the light switch, you turn it on, and suddenly it’s all illuminated. You can
see exactly where you were. Then you move into the next room and spend another six months in
the dark. So each of these breakthroughs, while sometimes they’re momentary, sometimes over a
period of a day or two, they are the culmination of, and couldn’t exist without, the many months
of stumbling around in the dark that precede them.”
This exploration of the dark room is very similar to Coyle’s description of the activities of any
individual involved in a “deep practice.” He refers to it as a “sweet spot” (Coyle, 19) where one
works at the edge of his or her abilities, makes mistakes, and learns from them. In Wiles’ case, it
was like “bumping into the furniture” (Simon) in a dark room. Like learning from repeated
mistakes, one also would find the right way to the switch that can turn on the light and remove
the darkness around. Then the explorer (in this case, the problem solver) would move to the next
dark room and start all over again until eventually the entire mansion becomes illuminated (and
the problem gets solved).
 We can say that to achieve extraordinary success, it is important to have the following traits:
1. A burning passion toward the subject of interest—it should be so intense that one can
derive happiness out of the work alone without any expectation in terms of money,
awards, or fame.
2. “Grit” and “self-control” to have a devoted focus over a long period of time on the task.
3. “Deep practice” to relentlessly try on the edge of one’s abilities and be ready to face and
overcome the challenges ahead.