St.

John’s Matriculation Higher Secondary school

Subject: Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks

1. 1894
2. Russia
3. USA
4. 51A
5. Supreme court

II. Choose the correct answers

1. Japan
2. Kosi
3. Anaimudi
4. The President
5. The Chief Ministers
6. Tamil Nadu

III. Match the following

1. Chief Minister - Head of the Government
2. Tsangpo - River Brahmaputra in Tibet
3. Mt. Godwin Austen(K2) - Highest peak in India
4. Jingoism - England
5. Hall of mirrors - Versailles

IV. Any five

1. In 1894, Japan forced a war on China. The crushing defeat of China by little Japan surprised the world. Despite
the warning of three great powers, Germany , France and Russia, Japan annexed Liotung peninsula with Port
Arthur. By this action Japan proved it was the powerful nation in the east Asia
2. Great Britain
France
Russia
Are the countries in triple entete
3. The neighboring countries in India are China, Bhutan , Myanmar, Nepal and Bangladesh in the east
Pakistan and Afghanistan in the west
And Sri Lanka in the south
6. The different categories of ministers at the Union level are
• Cabinet ministers
• Ministers of the state
• Deputy minister
7. The fundamental rights guaranteed by Indian constitution are
• Right to equality
• Right to freedom
• Right against exploitation
• Right to religion
• Cultural and educational activities
• Right to constitutional remedies

V. Distinguish
1.

Western ghats Eastern ghats

Western ghats form the western edge of the peninsular
plateau
This is continuous range
It runs parallel to Arabian sea
Anaimalai is the sort of trijunction of Anaimudi range,
cardamom hills and palani hills
Eastern ghats form the eastern edge of the peninsular
plateau
This is a discontinuous range
It runs parallel to Bay of Bengal
This joins the western ghats at Nilgiris bordering Tamil
nadu and Karantaka
2.

Western coastal plains Eastern coastal plains

It lies between western ghats and arabian sea
It extends from Rann of Kutch in north to
Kanyaumari in South
The Northern part is known as Konkan coast, the
southern part is known as Malabar coast
Vembanad lake is found here
It lies between eastern ghats and Bay of Bengal
It extends from West Bengal in north to Tamil nadu in
South
The Northern part is known as Northern circars and
southern part is known as coromandel coast
Pulicat, Kollaru, chilka lake are found here

VI. Detail
1. Germany found guilty for starting the war, therefore was to pay reparations. The central powers are asked to pay
war indemnity
The German army was to be limited to 100000 men and small navy was allowed.
The union of Germany and Austria was forbidden
All the German colonies were become mandated under league of nations
Germany was forced to revoke the treaty of Brest Litovsk (with Russia) and Bucharest (with Bulgaria)
Alsace ad Lorraine was returned to France
The former Russian territories Finland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania became independent
Schleswig was given to Denmark and some districts to Finland.
Poland was recreated
Rhineland was to be occupied by the Allies and the area of east bank was to be demilitarized.

2. The term Himalaya was derived from Sanskrit meaning ‘Adobe of snow’. The Northern mountains which
function as a great wall is divided into three regions

• The Trans Himalayas

• The Himalayas
• Eastern Himalayas or Purvanchal hills

Tras Himalayas

• It lies in northern great Himalayas

• It is about 40 km wide in the eastern and the western extremities and 225 km wide in the central part
• The Tethys sea sediments are found here
• The rocks of this region are fossil bearing marine sediments underlain by Tertiary granite

The Himalayas

It is the core part of the Northern mountains

It is young fold mountains

It was formed by the movement of Eurasia land mass in the north and the Gondwana land mass in south

The Tethys sea found between these two land masses was uplifted by the compression and resultant landform
was Himalayas. It has been classified into three

• The Greater Himalayas / Himadri

• The Lesser Himalayas/ Himachal
• The Outer Himalayas/Siwaliks

The Greater Himalayas

• The Greater Himalayas are about 25 kms width

• It’s height is about 6000m
• It receives lesser rainfall when compared to lesser Himalayas and the siwaliks
• Mt.Kanchenjunga and Mt. Everest are the notable ones
• It has many glaciers .Gangotri, yamunothri and Siachen are some of them .
 The Lesser Himalayas

• It lies in the middle range of Himalayas

• It’s width is about 80 km
• It’s height is about 3700- 4500 m
• The rocks of this region are slate, limestone and quartzite
• Pir pandal, Dauladhar and mahabarath are mountain ranges of this region
• Shimla, Nainital, Darjeeling, Mussourie are the familiar ones.

The Outer Himalayas

• It is extended from Jammu and Kashmir to Assam

• It’s width is about 10 km in the east and 50 km in the west
• It’s height is about 1000-1100 m
• The Longitudanal valleys found between lesser Himalayas and the siwaliks are known as Duns in west
and Duars in east

Purvanchal Hills

• It lies in the north eastern states of India

• Most of these hills are in border of India and Myanmar and others are inside India
• Garo hills, Khasi hills, Jantia hills, Tripura hills, Naga hills, Manipur hills are some hills of Purvanchal hills

Importance of Himalayas

• It forms as a natural barriers to the sub continent

• It is source of many perennial rivers such as Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra
• Northern mountains are described as the ‘Paradise of tourists’ for its natural beauty.
• It provides raw materials for the forest based Industries
• It prevents cold winds from Central Asia and protects India from severe cold
• Himalayas was known for its resources.
3. Right to equality
Art 14 – Equality before law
Art 15 – Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of race, caste , sex or place of birth
Art 16 – Equality of opportunity in the matters of public employment
Art 17 – Abolition of untouchability
Art 18 – Abolition of titles except military and academics
Right to freedom
Art 19 – Freedom of speech and expression, assembly, association, residence and profession
Art 20 – Protection to respect of conviction for offences
Art 21 – Protection of life and personal liberty
Art21 A – Right to elementary education
Art 22 – protection of arrest and detention from certain cases
Right against exploitation
Art 23 – Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour etc
Art 24 – Prohibition of employment of children in factories etc
Right to religion
Art 25 – Freedom of conscience, free practice, profession and propagation of religion
Art 26 – Freedom to manage religions affairs
Art 27 – Freedom from payment of taxes for promotion of any religion
Art 28 – Freedom from religion instructions or worship in educational institutions
Cultural and educational rights
Art 29 – Protection of language, script and cultural minorities
Art 30 – Right to minorities in establishment of administer of educational institutions
Right to constitutional remedies
Art 31 – To allow individual to seek redressal of violation of the fundamental rights.