Unit 3

Fit as a Fiddle

Trait Particular characteristic

Consumption Eating or drinking something
Life expectancy The length of time that a person is likely to live
Dementia Serious illness of the mind, especially in old
people
Fast A period of time when no food is eaten
Average A number expressing the central or typical
value in a set of data
Life style the way in which a person lives.
Chop cut (something) into pieces with repeated sharp
blows
Nutrition eating a healthy and balanced diet.
Longevity Long life.
Place great Give great attention to
important on
Dairy products milk and any of the foods made from milk,
Diary a record of events kept daily or at frequent
intervals 
Genetic The branch of biology that deals with heredity, 
(adj)..Gene
Residents living in a place for some length of time 
commitments an agreement to do something in the future
Volunteer work for an organization without being paid.
Lift ELEVATE
Forbid order (someone) not to do something.
Caffeinated drinks Containing caffeine ( coffee, tea, and cacao)
Lower Deduce
get together Gather
relieve Reduce pain –stress
community Society
moderation the avoidance of excess or extremes.
Diet the kinds of food that a person usually eats.
Socialize To spend free time with other people
Herbs Plants used to give flavor to food or to make
medicine
Afflict cause pain or trouble to
Nap a short sleep, especially during the day

milked draw milk from (a cow or other animal)

predictable (adj) always happening in the way expected.
Leafy green green (PLANTS)
Additives a substance added to something in small
quantities to improve or preserve it.
Diagnose identify the nature of (an illness or other
problem) by examination of the symptoms.
Prescribe   Written advise to use a medicine or treatment
for someone.
Wearing perfume Put on some perfume
Remedy Cure
Sore throat pain in the throat because of cold or another
virus.
Words & prepositions
Likely to Speed down
On the island Work on
Importance on Rich in
Arrive in Socialize with
Contribute to Belong to
Focus on Go out
At risk of Member of
Vaccinated against To be over
Depend on
Let’s apply on the vocab part 
1- Food products made from milk are described as (dairy -diary- daily)
2- To (Socialize - forbid- afflict) means to spend free time with other
people.
3-Oranges are full of (vitamins -artificial flavours -additives)
4- This is a predictable behaviour for a young woman (verb -adverb
-adjective- noun)
5- (Herbs -additives-bandages) are plants used to give flavour to food or
to make medicine.
6- It's a good (remedy -medication) for runny nose and even (tender
-sore) throat
7-Food that is high in cholesterol can contribute …………. (To-for) heart
disease.
7- An (orange- apple- date) a day keeps the doctor away.
8- She spoke so quietly, we could hardly ……. out what she was saying
(believe- make -take -let)
9-if you eat well and look after yourself you could live to be………. (At-
over )100 years old.
10-It is the food you eat and how it affects your health (fast-diet-lunch).
11-Eve’s personal trainer told her to focus …………(on-in) strength
building exercises for now

Vocabulary part 2
Ward a separate room in a hospital
Meditation a written or spoken discourse
expressing
thoughts on a subject.
Minerals an inorganic substance needed by
the human body for good health.
Optician a person qualified to detect eye
diseases or to
make supply glasses.
Dietician an expert on diet and nutrition.
 Vaccination(noun) treatment with a vaccine to
produce immunity
against a disease
Prescription a medicine or remedy that is
prescribed.
Bandage a strip l used for wounds or to
protect an injured
part of the body.
Crutch a long stick with a crosspiece at
the top used by a
person with an injury or
disability.
.
Poison A substance that kills human
beings.
Diagnose identify the nature of (an illness
or other
problem) by examination of the
symptoms.

Expressions and collocations

1-As fresh as daisy = very fresh ..be lively and energetic
2-under the weather = unwell
3-do you the world of good = make you feel better
4-recharge your batteries = regain energy
5-pick her brains = ask for detailed information

*Grammar part *
Present perfect Structure:
He-She-It (has+ past participle)
I-We-They-You (have+ past participle)
E.g: She has lived in Liverpool all her life.
* I've seen that film before.
Usages:
1-*for something that  started in the past  and  continues in the present:
They've been married for nearly fifty years.
2-when we are talking about our experience up to the present:
I've played the guitar ever since I was a teenager.
3-We often use the adverb  ever  to talk about experience up to the
present:
My last birthday was the worst day I have ever had.
and we use  never  for the  negative form:
Have you ever met George?
Yes, but I've never met his wife.
4-for something that happened in the past but is important in the present:
I can't get in the house. I've lost my keys.
have been and have gone
We use  have/has been  when someone has  gone  to a place and  returned:
A: Where have you been?
B: I've just been out to the supermarket.
But when someone  has not returned, we use  have/has gone:
A: Where's Maria? I haven't seen her for weeks.
B: She's gone to Paris for a week. She'll be back tomorrow. 

Present perfect key words:

For-Since-Just-Ever-Never-Yet-Already-Lately-Recently
Present perfect simple Present perfect continuous
Focuses on the result: Focuses on the activity
You've cleaned the bathroom! It I've been gardening. It's so nice out
looks There.
lovely!
Says 'how many' Says 'how long'
She's read ten books this summer. She's been reading that book all day.
Describes a completed action Describes an activity which may
I've written you an email.  continue
 I've been writing emails.
When we can see evidence of recent
activity
The grass looks wet. Has it been
raining?
I know, I'm really red. I've been
running!
Present perfect Continuous
We use both the present perfect simple (have  or  has  + past participle)
and the present perfect continuous (have  or  has  +  been  +  -ing  form) to
talk about past actions or states which are still connected to the present.
Key words:
We often use for, since and how long to talk about single or repeated
actions.
*How long have they been playing tennis?
*They've been playing tennis for an hour.
*They've been playing tennis every Sunday for years.
All (day-night-week….etc.)

*Let’s Apply on the grammar part 

1-He has been walking on crutch (for- yet -since) the accident.
2-Has Mum finished lunch ………(yet)…………………………?
3-she (still-yet -just) hasn’t finished her homework.
4-They have been living in Madrid ……(since) …they were young.
5- I've been studying English (for -since-yet) 7 years.
6- I haven't been cycling as much as usual…(recently) …….
7- Kelly has (Rode-ridden-ride) her horse twice.
8-He is out of breath. He (has done -has been doing) aerobics.
9-She has worked as a dietician …(for) eight years.
10-She (has been breaking- has broken) her arm and she needs to go to
hospital.
11-I haven’t finished my homework yet. (Use still)
*I still haven’t finished my homework
12-Tom’s ………………...had his operations. (Lately-already-yet).
13-The students have (doing-done-do) a project on fitness.
14-My friends (do) a project fitness all week.
My friends have been doing a project fitness all week.
15-The race has (still-lately-just) started.
16-The doctor has (gave-giving-given) mum a prescription.
17-You look exhausted. What have you (done-did-been doing)?
18- I have been on this diet (for-since) about a month.
19-Sara (has seen -has been seeing -seen) this film twice already.
20-Nada has (been-gone) to the gym, so you can’t speak to her now .

Countable &Uncountable Nouns

The countable Nouns: Refer to separate items. They can be singular
and plural

E.g: holiday-biscuit-goal-job.

The uncountable Nouns: Refer to items that cannot be counted. They

don’t have plural.

E.g: knowledge -biology-reaction-health.

Some nouns can be both countable and uncountable depending on

their meaning

E.g: There isn’t room for all of us in the car (Room=Space) uncountable
noun

E.g: This is the most expensive room in the hotel (room=part of a

building) countable noun

For Countable For Uncountable Quantifiers

nouns nouns
 1-few Little Lots of
2-A few A little A lot of
3-Many Much Some (affirmative)
Any (negative)

Let’s Apply on the Countable and Uncountable Nouns part 

Complete using one word from the above:
1-How (many ) people are coming?

2- We have got (much ) chicken but there isn't ( any ) rice

3- How (much) water do you think we need?

4- There are (many ) cats in the garden.

5- I bought (a)new shoes.

6-Do you have (an) advice for me.

7- we have ( lots of ) chairs but we don't have (any ) tables.

8-There isn't (any) toothpaste.

9-How…(many)... people have sent you…(an). email?

10-I need…(much)…… information about train times.

11- we have got a ……lot of …. luggage.

12-There isn't…any ……. space in the car.

13- There is never……(any)……... petrol after Sam uses the car.

14-We didn't have …(any)...problems.

15- Do you want …(some)……...chocolate

Let’s Apply on the vocab part 

1-A university degree is one of the (requirements) for many shops.
2-In the last decade, there have been several……………. in space
technology. (Requirements- arrangements- developments)
3-He is an (imaginary) person. He has a lot of(imagination )
4- I didn't (reaction -react- reactive) very well when he told me. he had
broken my new camera.
5-No one was hurt during the (explosion)(noun) when the bomb
(exploded) verb ... which is a verb and which is a noun?
6-Huge waves (crashed-crushed -smashed) down on to us".
7-"the company expect that the drug will soon be(expired-licensed) for
use in the USA".
8-"I was mesmerized, she looked so (incredible-awful).
9-Myth a traditional story, about the early history of a people a natural or
social phenomenon.
10-I spent hours to (proof-improve) my design.

Match the word with the definition

1-Cloning (e) a- lightweight and easy to carry
2- Portable (a) b-Vacuum cleaners and dishwashers
3-Demonstrate (d) c-has been invented for a certain purpose
4-Touch-screen (f) d-you show it to a possible buyer
5-Device (b) e-create a living thing that exactly like another.
6-Appliances (c) f-you don’t have to press any buttons or keys to operate them.

Grammar part
The future forms
Be going to + Infinitive
Be going to is commonly used in informal styles.
1-Intentions
We use be going to talk about future plans and intentions
E.G:I’m going to  look for a new place to live next month.

2-Predictions with evidence

We use be going to predict something
E.G: Look out! He’s going to break that glass.
3-Commands
E.G: You’re going to pick up all of those toys right now. This room is a
mess!
Future simple Tense:
Form:Will+Infinitive
1-used to talk about things that haven’t happened yet.
This year, Jen will read War and Peace
2-For predictions without evidence -Threats - Quick decision -promises -
Future facts -After the verbs “Think,believe,be sure,expect,” - offering to
do something to someone- Asking forhelp.
E.G: I will answer the phone
E.G: I think it will rain
E.G: I will give you a present if you succeed.
Keywords:Tomorrow; in (future year, month, week); on (future day);
next (month, week, year, name of day) ,” days, months, weeks,
years from now;” this month, week, afternoon, year; someday.
Future continuous
Form Will+ be+ verb+ ing
1-Is used to say that an action will be in progress at a specific time in the
future.
E.G: This time on Thursday I’ll be flying to Thailand
2-for an action in progress in the future which is interrupted by a shorter
action.
E.G: I’ll be waiting for you when you get back.
3- to predict the present.
E.G: Don’t call him now, he’ll be sleeping.
4- for arrangements, often as a reminder or warning.
We’ll be leaving at 10 o’clock. (So don’t be late!)
Key words: By this time (tomorrow-next week, moth,
year. etc) By(3o’clock) tomorrow-At…….next week ,This
time next ………………
Future perfect
Form:Will+have +Past participle
1-to talk about something that will be completed before a specific
time in the future.
E.G: The guests are coming at 8 p.m. I'll have finished cooking
by then.
E.G: On 9 October we'll have been married for 50 years.
Key words:By (day-month-year) -By the end of the…………

Let’s apply on the grammar part 

1- Stop pulling the computer mouse. You (are going-are going to -will
have) damage it.
2- Robots (are going to- will- will being) be part of our lives in the next
future.
3-At 12 o’clock tomorrow, I(will be- will -will have) taking my
technology exam
4- (Am-Shall- will) I help you?
5-The technicians will (have-be- have bee) installed surveillance cameras
by next week.
6- (Shall -Will -Are) you buy a ticket?
7-Will you (turning-turned-turn) off the computer when you have
finished, please?
8- what (have- shall -are) we do our technology project on?
9-Shall we go to the technology fair this weekend?
10-Shall I show you how to use your new camcorders?
11-I will have (tidying- tidy-tidied) my room.
12-Look out. Your laptop is too near the edge of the table. It (will-is
going to) fall.
13-Will you (be-have-are) done the report by 5 o’clock, Jane?
14- WILL You make me a cup of tea?
15-I (am going to be – will be )18 next month.

Temporals:
Before
As soon as

The moment

When Present Simple / present perfect, Future

Until
By the time
simple

*Let’s Apply on the temporals

1-He will wash up before he goes to bed.

2-I will send you an e-mail when I (getting -got -get) home

3-When it gets cold I 'll light the fire.

4-After I (have-had -having) backed up my work, I will go home.

5-She will give the children their dinner before he comes home.

6-The show will be over before we (found-find-finds) a parking

7- She will stay in bed till the clock strikes seven.

8-I will lend you my spare mobile Until you (bought-will buy-buy) a new
one.

9-She will go on until he tells her to stop.

10-Sue will do her homework after she (finished-had finished-finishes)
her lunch.
11-The lift will not start until you press that button.

12-When he returns, I'll give him the key.

13-The team will complete the project after they (repair-will have
repaired-repaired) the machine

14-I will record my favourite Tv programs when I get a new recorder.