MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ZEAL EDUCATION SOCIETY’S

ZEAL POLYTECHNIC, NARHE

MICRO PROJECT
Academic year: 2021-2022

TITLE OF PROJECT
Perform Traffic Survey On Busy Road Junction Of The City To Suggest
Measures For Improvement

Program: Civil Engineering Program code: CE

Course:0988 Course code:22507

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Certificate
This is to certify that Mr. /Ms SHUBHAM SHREERAM DEVKAR Roll No:-59 of
th
5 Semester of Diploma in Civil Engineering of Institute, Zeal Polytechnic (Code: 0988)
has completed the Micro Project satisfactorily in Subject – Traffic Engineering

Subject Code:22507 for the academic year 2021-2022 as prescribed in the curriculum.

Place: Narhe, Pune Enrollment No: 1809880015

Date: Exam Code:

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

 MICRO PROJECT GROUP DETAILS

Sr.No Name of group members Roll No. Enrollment No. Exam Seat No.

1 SHUBHAM SHREERAM DEVKAR 59 1809880015

Name of Guide: Prof.

 Abstract
Traffic congestion is a perpetual problem for the sustainability of transportation
development. Traffic congestion causes delays, inconvenience, and economic losses
to drivers, as well as air pollution. Identification and quantification of traffic
congestion are crucial for decision-makers to initiate mitigation strategies to
improve the overall transportation system’s sustainability. In this paper, the
currently available measures are detailed and compared by implementing them on a
daily and weekly traffic historical dataset. The results showed each measure showed
significant variations in congestion states while indicating a similar congestion
trend. The advantages and disadvantages of each measure are identified from the
data analysis. This study summarizes the current road traffic congestion measures
and provides a constructive insight into the development of a sustainable and
resilient traffic management system.
 Conclusion

TRAFFIC SURVEYS –TRAFFIC INFORMATION AS AN AID TO

DECISION-MAKING AND PLANNING

Reliable traffic information is a key factor in the planning of land use concerning the road and
street network, the making of plans, and decision-making. Correct forecasting is necessary for
the economically sensible timing of different measures. Planning traffic environments and
developing their functionality and safety call for analysed information on traffic volumes and
traffic flows.
The assessment of the profitability of road and street construction projects needs reliable
information about the present traffic volumes and, on that basis, predicted future traffic
volumes.
The maintenance of a level of service for road/street traffic requires information about problem
locations for traffic, so that measures to improve safety, driving comfort and traffic throughput
can be allocated in the right way. Restoration of the road network, such as structural
maintenance and daily care, can be performed more purposefully and economically if
information about traffic volumes at different times is properly utilised.
We carry out traffic surveys nationally using our diverse and modern range of counting
equipment. We are also developing survey methods on a customer-specific basis. As a result of
all our traffic surveys and measurements, we get high-quality and clear tables and graphic
presentations.
Destia’s range of services includes a comprehensive selection of traffic survey- and traffic
information-based services:
automatic traffic counts
intersection counts
speed measurements/surveys
mobile speed displays
noise level measurements/surveys
pedestrian and bicycle counts
axle weight analyses
destination surveys
ROADSIDE TECHNOLOGY
’Roadside technology’ means technology on or by the road, which measures and conveys
different information about vehicles and driving conditions. Roadside technology includes
automatic traffic measuring points (a.k.a. LAM points), changing signs, driving condition
cameras and weather stations.
In general, local Centres for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment own the
roadside technology equipment, but Destia carries out its maintenance. Destia’s Road Data
Collection and Analysis unit is responsible for about 70% of the fault repair and annual
maintenance of LAM points nationally.

NUMBER PLATE IDENTIFICATION

Destia has at its disposal cameras suitable for identifying car number plates, which can
automatically photograph and collect the number plates of passing cars. By means of these
number plates, it is possible to find information about the cars and their owners in Trafi’s
database, using Destia’s partners. This information can be used, for example, for carrying out
different traffic surveys.

INFORMATION SERVICES AND TRAFFIC REPORTS

Destia produces different information services, for example from public road register
information or based on measured data, as well as customer-tailored services in order to survey
the condition of and volumes of traffic on the road network.
Destia’s range of services also includes different traffic reports. The reports can be based on
general traffic counts carried out on roads, the results of fixed LAM points (a.k.a. automatic
traffic measuring stations) or based on sampling counts performed. The reports may cover, for
example, the whole country, the area of a certain Centre for Economic Development, Transport
and the Environment, or the area of a province or municipality.
TRAFFIC VOLUME DATA
Traffic volume data is usually needed for planning and monitoring measures. Destia’s product
range includes different traffic volume surveys, such as:
Vehicle counts
Pedestrian and bicycle counts
The establishment and maintenance of fixed automatic traffic measuring points (LAM)
The establishment of fixed radar counting points, and the supply and management of results
Parking area surveys
Usually traffic is counted automatically during a pre-agreed sampling period, usually one week
long. If necessary, vehicle counts can be classified into different vehicle classes. Depending on
counting technology, such classification takes place based on, for example, vehicle length or
number of axles and wheelbase information.

The calculations are normally reported in tabular and graphic form on an hourly basis by
vehicle class. Traffic volume data for vehicle traffic can also, if necessary, be presented by
general traffic codes (such as KVL, KAVL, KKVL, KVLras, KAVLras, KVLyhd, KAVLyhd).
If necessary, the results can also be reported more broadly and it is also possible to add vehicle
speed and other information. However, if the speed information is the primary object of interest,
we recommend a speed report rather than a traffic volume report.

For the purposes of performing the counting, Destia has at its disposal a range of traffic
counting equipment, from which we choose the most suitable device and technology for the
need in question.

TRAFFIC VOLUME MAPS

Destia can plan and implement the making of different traffic volume maps based on customer
need. Traffic volume maps can be based on general traffic counts carried out on roads or on
traffic volumes from fixed LAM points (a.k.a. automatic traffic measuring stations). The maps
may cover, for example, the whole country, the area of a certain Centre for Economic

Development, Transport and the Environment, or the area of a province or municipality.

TRAFFIC FLOW DATA AT INTERSECTIONS

Traffic flow data at intersections can be surveyed by means of junction calculation. This means
that the direction of approach and departure of vehicles at the junction is surveyed by vehicle
class. If necessary, we can also calculate the volume of non-motorised traffic (cyclists and
pedestrians) passing through the area of the junction. Junction counts can be carried out either
using the traditional manual method or by automatic video counting. Usually, counting is done
during peak hours in the morning and evening. The most common time for counting is 6:00–
10:00am and 2:00–6:00pm. The results are usually reported at 15-minute intervals allowing the
hour of peak traffic to be identified (such as 7:15–8:15am) and the exact traffic volume
established.

In addition to actual junction counts, we can also carry out efficiency checks at different
intersections. In efficiency checks at intersections, we use the Synchro/SimTraffic software.
With Synchro, we can analyse how well light-controlled intersections, non-light-controlled
intersections, roundabouts and multi-level interchanges are working. Synchro provides
estimates of the load factor and service level of the intersection, classified by turning direction.
Synchro’s throughput model is based on the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). SimTraffic is a
micro-simulation program connected to Synchro that can simulate traffic behaviour in an actual
situation. For source data, traffic flow information at the intersections is needed, as well as
geometric information about the road network and information concerning traffic control at the
intersections.

Through such simulation, we can compare the efficiency of different intersection arrangements
at different levels of demand. By simulation, we can also study the effects of intersection
arrangements on the local area, such as the impact of a neighbouring light-controlled
intersection on the efficiency of a non-light-controlled intersection. Simulation software can
also be used to assess the impact of different types of disturbances such as a lane closure. The
key parameters provided by simulation that can indicate the efficiency of an intersection are
delays, lengths of queues, journey times, average speeds and fuel consumption. A simulation
program can also use animation to illustrate how intersections function.
SPEED INFORMATION

Destia carries out vehicle speed measurements on the road and street network. Vehicle speed
information can be measured by radar counter without drivers noticing, whereby the received
speed data is sent only to the organisation that commissioned the survey. Alternatively, a speed
display board can be connected to the measuring device, allowing the drivers of the vehicles to
see their speed too. The method of measuring speed information mentioned first can be used if,
for example, you want to study the need to reduce driving speeds. It is also suitable for so-called
‘before and after’ surveys, which can examine the effect on driving speeds of the construction
of speed bumps, among other things.
A temporary speed display board is a direct way of reducing driving speeds locally. Its
effectiveness can be increased by using smiley faces, whereby the driver gets immediate
feedback about either speeding or driving within the speed limit.

The applications for a speed display board include:

road, street and building site areas, which need to display speed temporarily and where there is
a desire to reduce driving speeds
at places where the safety of other parties must be particularly taken into account, such as road
sections where there is a school, old people’s home, service flats, a day care centre or a nursing
institution
as a source of additional information for motorists who can monitor/check the speed of their
vehicle at a certain point
at places where there is a desire for motorists to pay particular attention to their driving speed
In addition to a display board, the following information can be collected about the location:
total number of vehicles by class (light/heavy)
vehicle-specific speed information before the board and at it
analyses of vehicle speeds and traffic volumes at specific points
A speed display board can be attached either to existing infrastructure by the road or street
(lamp post, traffic signs, etc.) or to its own base.
In addition to speed information, we also supply a diverse range of reports and graphic charts
about other calculations.

DESTINATION SURVEYS
The purpose of destination surveys is to collect information on from where and to where
journeys are being made. Destination surveys are carried out in connection with regional traffic
surveys and, for example, for the needs of traffic system planning.
They are also done for specific projects, for example in connection with harbour projects. The
surveys are usually done by means of roadside interviews or roadside postal questionnaires.
Destination surveys can shed light on the following types of traffic information:
point of departure and destination (municipality and type of location, may also be an address)
journey time and length of journey
type of vehicle
number of passengers
purpose of journey
Destination surveys are carried out as sampling surveys. In order to extend the sampling, a
traffic count is done daily at the same time as the interviews. In order to extend the traffic
volumes to KVL level, day and period extension coefficients based on LAM points are used.

AXLE WEIGHT ANALYSES

Vehicle configuration was changed on 1 October 2013, as a result of which the maximum
permitted total weights for heavy articulated vehicles increased. Heavier vehicles than before
are now increasingly stressing both the road structure and bridges. The total load caused by
vehicles can be studied by means of axle weight surveys in which the axle weight of heavy
goods vehicles is measured. The results can be extended to all traffic based on traffic volume
data.
The measurements from an axle weight survey can be performed on dynamic drive-over scales,
whereby the vehicle does not need to stop on the scales when it is being weighed. In the survey,
the suspension and tyre type on each axle are also usually established. At the same time,
information about vehicle loads and points of departure and destination can be looked into (c.p.
destination survey).

Usually a destination survey cannot be carried out amidst traffic but requires a separate survey
point for measurements and a possible interview.
 References

https://www.destia.fi/en/services/road-network-surveys/traffic-surveys.html

https://openjicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12082459_02.pdf
 WEEKLY PROGRESS REPORT

Sr.No. Week Activity performed Date Sing of Guide

1 1st Discussion and finalization of topic

2 2nd Peroration and submission of

Abstract
3 3rd Information collection

4 4th Information collection

5 5th Mode/Chart Preparation

6 6th Mode/Chart Preparation

7 7th Collection of Data

8 8th Analysis of Data

9 9th Discussion and outline of content

10 10th Formulation of Content

11 11th Editing and proof Reading of

Content

12 12th Compilation of Report and

Presentation
13 13th Seminar, Viva & submission

Sing of student Sing of faculty

 EVALUATION SHEET

Name of Student: SHUBHAM SHREERAM DEVKAR Enrollment NO:1809880015

Name of Programme: Civil Engineering Semester: 5th
Course Name:- Traffic Engineering Course Code:22507

Title of Micro-project: Latest methods of doing preliminary and detailed estimate in industry

Course Outcomes Achieved:

1) .
2)

Sr. Characteristics to be assessed Poor Average Good Excellent

N (Marks 1- (Marks 4- (Marks 6- (Marks 9-
o 3) 5) 8) 10)
.
(A) Process & Product Assessment (Convert above total marks out of 3 marks)
1 Relevance to the course
2 Information collection
Completion of target as per
3
planning
Analysis of data &
4
representation
5 Quality of Model/Chart
6 Report preparation
(B) Individual Presentation / Viva (Convert above total marks out of 2 marks)
7 Presentation/Demonstration
8 Viva

(A) Process & Product (B) Individual Total Marks

Assessment Presentation/Viva (Out of 10)
(6 Marks) (4Marks)

Comments/Suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal communication (if any):

Name & DATE