INDEX

SR.NO. CONTENT PAGE

NO.
INTRODUCTION
1 1
FACTORS AFFE-
CTING RATE ANA-
2 LYSIS 2
3 ELEMENTS 3
4 ANALYSIS OF 5
RATES
5 REFFERENCE 13
6 CONCLUSION 14
 INTRODUCTION
In order to determine the rate of a particular item,
the factors affecting the rate of that item are studied
carefully and then finally a rate is decided for that
item. This process of determining the rates of an item
is termed as analysis of rates or rate analysis.
The cost of materials in rate analysis is calculated as
combination of cost of material at origin, its
transportation costs, taxes. The rate of labour is based
on skill of the labour, such as skilled labour, semi-
skilled and unskilled labour. The cost of materials and
labours vary from place to place. Thus, the cost of each
construction work varies from place to place.
The capacity of doing work by an artisan or skilled
labour in the form of quantity of work per day is known
as the task work or out turn of the labour.
The cost of any construction project is calculated
based on each works associated with every
construction activity. Thus it is essential to calculate
cost of each small works.
 What are the Factors Affecting Analysis of
Rates of Civil Works?
Factors which affect the rate analysis of civil works
are:
o Specification of the civil work and materials such as
quality of materials, proportion of mortar or concrete,
thickness of plastering, number of coats of painting,
depth of excavation, type of soil etc.
o Location of the construction site – Distance of
construction site from source of materials, availability
of labours, availability of water, machinery etc.
influence the rate analysis of construction work.
o Quantity of materials, number of different types of
labours and rates of materials and labours influence the
rate analysis.
o Profit of the contractor, miscellaneous expenses and
other overheads also influence the rate analysis.
What are the Elements of Rate Analysis of
Civil Works?
Elements which constitute the rate analysis are:
a) Material cost inclusive of wastage
b) Labour cost
c) Plant & machinery owning and operating charges
d) Water charges
e) Taxes
f) Insurance/ risk coverage charges
g) Contractor’s overheads and profit
 Why Analysis of Rates is Required in
Construction Projects?
The rate analysis may be required in construction
projects for following purposes:
o For the purpose of tendering. In the case of tendering,
the contractor may calculate cost of unit work involved
in each construction activity for justified quoting of
rates. The client may also require rate analysis to
calculate the cost of construction project.
o To assess the requirements of quantities of labours,
materials, machineries and capital to complete the
project.
o To optimise the use of labour, materials and
machineries and to know the alternatives to optimize
the resources.
o To assess the rate of unit work from time to time for
payment increase in material or labour costs or any
deviations in work specifications, extra items of work to
the contractor.
o To compare the cost of project with the sanctioned
capital of the project to take necessary action or
regularization of excess or less cost.
o To workout the budget of the construction project and
control the cash flows at various stages of construction
work.
o To find out the irrational rates quoted by the contractors
during tendering process.
o To serve as the basic data in case of dispute among
project owner and contractor.

ANALYSIS OF RATES :

 Tools and plants : 2.5 to 3% of labour cost

 Transportation cost more than 8 km is considered
 Water charges : 1.5 to 2% of total cost
 Contractor’s profit : 10%

This section includes examples of floor plans,

elevations, and details commonly used to estimate
the cost of painting exterior masonry walls.
Masonry Unit: natural or manufactured building units
of burned clay, stone, glass, gypsum,

concrete, etc.

Rule-of- Thumb: a statement or formula that is not

exact but is close enough for practical work.

Split-Face Unit: concrete masonry units with one or

more faces produced by purposeful

fracturing of the unit to provide architectural

effects in masonry wall construction. Masking:

the temporary covering of areas adjacent to those

to which paint is to be applied.

Cutting-In: a painting technique used to paint around

the edges of an object or areas, such as

trim, light fixture, or an opening.

 CONCLUSION

By making these micro project, We know the

All information about rate analysis of painting
works containing internal wall, outer wall.
And we understood how to calculate rate
analysis of painting works using plastic
emulsion, oil paint ,luster paint.