Chapter 6 63. Lighting of objects Use of obstacle lights 6.3.1. ‘The presence of objects which must be lighted, as specified in 61, shall be indicated by lows medium- oF igh-ntensity obstacle lights, or combination of such lights [Note — High-inensty obstacle lights are intended for day se as well as might use. Care is neoded to ensure that these lights do nor create disconcerting dazzle. Guidance on the design. location and operation of high inensty obstacle lighis fs given in the Aerodrome Design Manual, Part . 632 Recommendation. Low-intenity obstacle lights, Type A or B, should be used where the object i less extensive one and its height above the surrounding ground is tess than 45m. 632 Recommendation — Where the we of low-intensity obstacle tights, Type A or B, would be inadequate or an early ‘special warning is roquired, then mediume or high-intensity obstacle lights shouldbe used. 634 Lowintensty obstacle lights, Type C, shall be displayed on vehicles and other mobile objects excluding arcrat 63.5 Low-intensity obstacle light displayed on followeme vehicles. 1 Type D. shall be 63.6 Recommendation— Low-intensity obstacte lights, ‘pe B, should be used either alone or in combination with ‘medinintonsity obstacle lights, Type B, am accordance with 637, 63.7 Recommendation— Mediumintensty obstacle lights, Type 4. 3 oF C, should be used where the object an extensive one or is height above the level of the surrounding ‘ground is greoter than 4m. Mediamsintensty obstacle light, Types A and C. should be used clone, wherear medium. intensity obstacle lights, Type B, should be used either alone (or in combination with lowsintensty obstacle lighs, Type B. Note— 4 group of trees or buildings is regarded as on extensive object 63.8 Recommendation — Highsntensity obstacle light, Type , should be used indicate the presence ofan object if lis height above the level ofthe surrounding ground exceeds 150 m and an aeronautical study indicaies such lights r0 be essential forthe recognition ofthe objec by dy. 63.9 Recommendation.— High-intensiy obstacle lights, ype B, should be used 10 indicale the presence of @ tower “supporting overhead wires, cables, etc, whore 6s Annex 14 — Aerodromes ©) a aeronautical study indicates such ghs 10. be essential forthe recognition of the presence of wires, cables ies oF 1) it hax not been found practicable ta install markers on the wires, cables, te 63.10 Recommendation — Where, in the opinion of the appropriate authority, the use ofhigh-imensty obstacle lights, Type A or B, or mediumintensity obstacle lighs, Type A. at right may daze pilots i the vicinity of an aerodrome (within approximately 10000 m radius) or cause significant fenvironmencal concerns, a dual obstacle lighting system ‘should be provided. This system should be composed of high-intensity obstacle lights, Type A or B, or medium intensity obstacle lights, Type A. as appropriate, for daytime and buiight use and medium-intonsty obstacle lights, Type B FC, for nightsime we. Location of obstacle lights ‘Note. Recommendations on how a combination of low, ‘medium. andor high-intensity lights on obstacles should be displayed are given in Appendix 6 63:11 One o¢ more low, medium- or high-intensity obstacle lights shall be Tocated as close a practicable to the top of the abject. The top lights shall be so arranged as to at least indicate the points or edges of the object highest a ‘elation to the obstacle limitation surface. 6.3.12 Recommendation— In the case of chimney or other sructre of like function the top lights should Be placed sufliently below the top 50 a8 io minimize contamination by smoke ete. (see igures 6-2 and 6-3. 6.3.13 In the case of a tower or antenna structure indieated by high-intensity obstacle lights by day with an ppurtenance, such as a rod or an antenna, greater than Im ‘where itis not practicable to locate a high-intensity obstacle Tight on the top of the appurtenance, such a light shall be located atthe highest practicable point and, if practicable, 2 ‘mediuim-ntensity obstacle light Type A, mounted on the top. 6.3.14 Inthe case ofan extensive object or of a group of closely spaced objets, op Tights shall be displayed at least on the points or edges of the objects highest in relation to the ‘obatscle limitation surface, so as to indicate the general ‘Sefiition andthe extent of the objects. If two or more edges are ofthe same height, the edge nearest the landing ara shall ‘be marked. Where low-intensity lights are used, they shall be spaced at longitudinal intervals nat exceeding 45 m, Where ‘medivm-intensity lights are used, they shall be spaced at Tengtudinal intervals not exceeding 900 m, 63.15 Recommendation.— When the obstacle limitation surface concerned i sloping and the highest point above the 2sAnnex 14 ~ Aerodromes ‘obstacle limitation surface is not the highest point of the ‘object, adtonal obstacle lights should be placed on the Highest point ofthe object. 63.16 Where an object is indicated by medium-intensity ‘obstacle lights, Type A, andthe top ofthe object is more then 105 m above the level of the surounding ground or the elevation of tops of nearby buildings (when the object to be ‘marked is surrounded by buildings), additonal light shall be provided a intermediate levels. These additional intermediate lights shall be spaced as equally 35 practicable between the top lights and ground level or the level of tops of nearby buildings, as appropriate, with the spacing not exceeding 105m (sce 63.7) Where an object is indicated by medium-intensity lights, Type B, andthe top ofthe objet is more than 45m above the level of the surounding ground or the levation of tops of nearby buildings (when the object to be ‘marked is surrounded by buildings), additional lights shall be provided at intermediate levels. These additional intermediate lights shall be alternately low-intensity obstacle lights, Type B, and mediumintensity obstacle fights, Type B, and shall be spaced es equally as practicable between the top lights and ‘round level or the level of tops of nearby buildings, as appropriate, with the spacing not exceeding 52 m. 63.18 Where an object i indicated by medium:ntensity obstacle lights, Type C, and the top of the object is more than 45 m above the level of the surrounding ground ot the elevation of tops of nearby buildings (when the object to be marked is surounded by buildings), addtional Highs shall be provided at intermediate levels. These addtional intermediate Volume I lights shall be spaced a5 equally as practicable, between the top lights end ground level or the level of tops of nearby buildings, as appropriate, with the spacing not exceeding 52m 63.19 Where high-intensity obstacle lights, Type A, are used, they shall be spaced at uniform intervals not exceeding 105 im between the ground level andthe top light) specified in 63.11 except that where an object 10 be marked is sucrounded by buildings, the elevation of the tops of the buildings may be used asthe equivalent of the ground level when detcrning the numberof light levels, 63.20 Where high-intensity obstacle lights, Type B, are used, they shal be located at thre levels: atthe top of the tower, a the lowest level ofthe eatenary of the wires o cables, and —t approximately midway between these two level. [Note— tn some eases, this may require locating the lights Off he tower 6321 Recommendation.— The installation sering angles for highintensty obstacle light, Types A and B, should be in ‘accordance with Table 6.2. 63.22 The number and arrangement of low, medium oF high-intensity obstacle lights at each level to be marked shall be such that the object is indicated from every angle in azimuth. Where light is shielded in any direction by another per of the objec, o by an adjacent object, additional lights Shall be provided on that object in such a way as to retain the A C.D, €,<45m 6m 90m Figure 63. 2s 66 Lighting of buildings