Terapi Spiritual

dalam
Praktis Psikiatri Klinikal
- 10 Prinsip Dasar

Ahmad Nabil Md Rosli

Psychiatrist/Medical lecturer
International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)
Pertemuan Ilmiah Tahunan
Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kedokteran Jiwa Indonesia
(PDSKJI) 2021
 Our discussion

Spirituality of
both

Principles

Therapist & Patient &

Psychotherapy Condition
1. The most important tool is not DSM-5
but it is you - yourself
PRESENCE OPENNESS COMPASSION SINCERITY EMPATHETIC
LISTENING
 2. Each person has a spiritual dimension, his
spiritual nature must be considered along with
the mental, emotional and physical
dimensions.
 Sacred Ring

Marriage Soul

Nature
Sacred Core

God Children
Divine
Transcendental
Time
reality
You
Love Meaning

Companion

(Pargament, 2011)
 Religious Religious
Spiritual Not Spiritual
(R+S+) (R+S-)

Not religious Not religious

Spiritual Not Spiritual
(R-S+) (R-S-)
 3. A spiritual orientation influences
mental, emotional and physical responses
to mental illness.
 Spiritual Orientation
If l had to choose
One can find meaning I do not feel any sense
between being rich or
even in suffering, pain, of responsibility to
being spiritual. I would
and death humanity.
choose to be rich

The fact that we I have had spiritual

I have grown spiritually experiences in which I
ultimately have to die
as a result of pain and felt an unusual oneness
shows that life is
suffering with and acceptance of
meaningless
the universe

I believe people should To be honest. I almost

Nature often inspires in
just enjoy themselves never experience a
me a solemn sense of
and not worry issues sense of sacredness
awe and reverence
like the meaning of life about anything
4. Though our job aims to prevent mental
illness, facing it can be a stimulus for
spiritual growth.
 I am more
I appreciate small empathetic after I now see what was
bounties better having gone important to me
through depression

I pray lots more I cried in prayer & it

than ever is satisfying
 Give some time to listen
So what do we do? and invite spiritual
questions and attention
 5. No single approach to
spiritual care is satisfactory
for all in a multicultural
society;
many kinds of resources are
needed
 Spiritual Resources

Private practices Traditional religious practices

Spiritual Resources

Expression of emotions Ultimate meaning/values

6. A broad range of opportunities for
expressing and enhancing one’s
spirituality should be available and
accessible
 Join Spiritual Group Just relax Play
Sing Self-reflection Learn new things

Read inspirational stories Pray Volunteer

Holiday Find a new hobby Yoga

Meditate Self-Love Nature

 Plant
Mr S, is a perfectionist person, presented with anxiety and depression.

Tried to get out from his condition through gardening. He had a tendency to
think in a black-and-white mode of thinking. He was frustrated when the plant
did not grow.

“Intention remains good in itself even if the act were impeded by any obstacle”
(al-Ghazali)
Patient’s feedback
 7. Therapist should be aware of
differences in spirituality within a
close relationship and be alert to
any difficulties which might ensue.
 A struggle of a depressed man

Religious
(ritualistic) Spiritual
 8. A caring environment should be in
place to enhance and promote spiritual
work at any time, not just at designated
times
 9. Spiritual needs can only be determined
through a thoughtful review of spiritual
assumptions, beliefs, practices, experiences,
goals and perceived needs with the patient, or
family and friends.
 Spiritual Formulation

Needs
Traditional religious Private practices Feelings/emotions Meaning/value
Personal preference
Spiritual Concerns
Spiritual Distress
Spiritual Despair

Resources
Traditional religious Private practices Feelings/emotions Meaning/value
Low
Medium
Spiritual High
10. Spiritual counsellors from the community
should be integral members of the caregiving
team.
 Seeger, Rod. Personal Notes
from ACPE Accredited Spiritual
Care Training (2019)

Cockburn, Ms Marjory.
"Assumptions and principles of
Reference spiritual care." Death Stud 14
(1990): 75-81

Pargament, Kenneth I. Spiritually

integrated psychotherapy:
Understanding and addressing
the sacred. Guilford press, 2011