12/3/2020

By:- Manish Kumar

SUBSCRIBE Telegram group:- SIRJEE CLASSES

BASICS OF COMPUTER
Generally, computer is the combination of hardware and SIRJEE CLASSES

software which converts data into information. Computer

operates on a set of instructions only, they cannot think as
human being.
Functioning of a computer system
Computer is responsible for performing Four basic
functions.
1. Input- information or data that is entered into
the computer is called input.

2. processing-it is the sequence of actions taken

on data to convert it into information
which is meaningful to the user.

3. Output- it makes process data available to the

user. 2
4. Storage- it stores data and programs
permanently.

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GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
SIRJEE CLASSES

Difference between Analog Computer and Digital Computer

S.NO. ANALOG COMPUTER DIGITAL COMPUTER SIRJEE CLASSES

Analog computers works with continuous

Digital computers works with discrete values or
01. values or these types of systems process
these types of systems process discrete data.
continuous data.

Speed of analog computers is less than Speed of digital computers is more than the analog
02.
the digital computers. computers.
Analog computer has very low or limited
Digital computer has very big memory it can store
03. memory and it can store less amount of
large amount of data.
data.
Analog computers are less reliable than Digital computers are more reliable than analog
05.
digital computers. computers.
07. Its speed of processing is not so high. Its speed of processing is very high.
It provides results with less accuracy as It provides results with higher accuracy as
09.
compared to digital computers. compared to analog computers.

16. They are usually special purpose devices. It can be general purpose devices.
4
Examples includes analog clock and Examples includes Digital laptop, digital camera,
17.
thermometer etc. digital watches etc.

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Top positions of super computers

SIRJEE CLASSES

Rank Name Vendor Site country, year

1 Fugaku Fujitsu RIKEN Center for Computational Science Japan, 2020

2 Summit IBM Oak Ridge National Laboratory United States, 2018

3 Sierra IBM Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory United States, 2018

As of June 2020 there are 2 systems based in India on the TOP 500 supercomputer list.

Rank Site Name

67 Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Pratyush (Cray XC40)

120 National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting Mihir (Cray XC40)

Note:- 5
Supercomputer PARAM 8000 (made by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing
(C-DAC)) was launched on July 1, 1991 is considered India's first supercomputer.

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Which supercomputer is developed by the Indian Scientists?

A. Param B. Super 301 Ans-a

C. Compaq Presario D. CRAY YMP

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IMPORTANT COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES
The word computer has been derived from
which of the following language?
Which of the following is known as father
a. Greek b. English of modern computer?
c. Hindi d. Latin Ans-a
a. Dennis Ritchie b. Napier
IC is made up of:- c. Charles Babbage d. Alan Turing

Alan Turing was a pioneering mathematician

a. Transistors b. vacuum tubes Ans-d widely considered to be the father of modern
c. None of these d. microprocessors computer science.
Ans-a

Which of the following is known as father of The earliest calculating device is:-
computer? Ans-b
a. Calculator b. abacus
a. Dennis Ritchie b. Napier c. analytical engine d. difference engine
c. Alan Turing d. Charles Babbage
Ans-d
Computer system consists of:-
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a. Internal device b. Software Ans-d
c. Peripheral device d. All of these
Ans-3

IMPORTANT COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

First super-computer of the world is:-

The early history of supercomputers is closely
associated with Seymour Cray, who designed the first
a. Tianhe-1 b. CDC 6600 officially designated supercomputers for Control Data
in the late 1960s. His first design, the CDC 6600
c. PARAM d. IBM-370
Ans-b

First computer of India is:- The period of the second-generation

computers was:-
a. PARAM b. IBM-370
c. Siddharth d. CRAY-I a. 1946 -1958 b. 1956 - 1963
Ans-c c. 1940-1960 d. 1957-1964
Ans-b
Benefits of computers are:-

a. very fast and can store huge amount of data

b. provide accurate output either input is correct or not
c. think about the processing 8
d. None of the above Ans-a

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COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE (Von neumann)

Computer Architecture deals with the functional behaviour of a SIRJEE CLASSES

computer system as viewed by a programmer.

It can also be described as the logical structure of the system unit

that housed electronic components.
Components of a computer
A computer consists of three main components:-
(i) Input/Output (I/O) Unit.
(ii) Central Processing Unit (CPU).
(iii) Memory Unit.

INPUT UNIT/ DEVICES

An input unit/device is an electro-mechanical device that allows the SIRJEE CLASSES

user to feed data into the computer for analysis and storagre and to
give commands to the computer.
The data is entered into the main-memory through the
input devices.
Example-
➢Audio conversion device
➢Barcode reader
➢Microphone.
➢Biometrics (e.g., fingerprint scanner).
➢MICR.
➢Business card reader
➢Mouse, touchpad, or other pointing
➢Finger (with touch screen or Windows Touch).
devices.
➢Gamepad, joystick, paddle, steering wheel,
➢OMR (optical mark reader)
➢Graphics tablet.
➢Scanner.
➢Keyboard.
➢Sensors.
➢Light pen.
➢Voice.
➢Medical imaging devices (e.g., X-ray, CAT 10
➢Video capture device.
scan, and ultrasound images).
➢Webcam.

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KEYBOARD
Types of keys on keyboard SIRJEE CLASSES

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KEYBOARD
SIRJEE CLASSES
NAVIGATION KEY

Modifier key
A modifier key modifies the action of another
key when the keys are pressed at the same
time.
Common modifier keys include:-
Shift, Function, Control, Alt, Command, 12

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KEYBOARD
Function key of keyboard SIRJEE CLASSES

Below are some common uses for function keys in Windows:

✓F1 - Display help screen.

✓F2 - Highlight file or folder for renaming.

✓F3 - Open search tool.

✓Alt+F4 - Close the current window.

✓F5 - Refresh the contents of a window or webpage.

✓F6 - Move cursor.

✓F7 - Spell & grammar check.

✓F10 – Active menu bar. 13

✓F11 - Take your screen into and out of full-screen mode.
✓F12 – Save as

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

A very common shortcut, particularly

for browsers, is the F11 key. Ans-b
It can take your screen into and out of
full-screen mode quickly and easily.

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Output unit/ devices

SIRJEE CLASSES

An output unit/device is a computer hardware equipment used to

communicate the results of data processing carried out by an
information processing to the outside world.
Examples of output unit/devices are:-

➢Printer (dot matrix printer, inkjet printer, and laser printer).

➢Projector. ➢3D Printer.

➢Sound card. ➢Braille embosser.
➢Speakers. ➢Braille reader.
➢SGD (Speech-generating device) ➢Flat panel.
➢TV. ➢GPS.
➢Video card. ➢Headphones.
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➢Monitor.
➢Plotter.

PRINTER
SIRJEE CLASSES

➢A printer is an external hardware output Printer types:-

device that takes the electronic data
stored on a computer or other device and 1.Impact printer
generates a hard copy of it.
1. Dot-Matrix Printers
➢Printers are one of the most popular 2.Daisy-wheel printers
computer peripherals and are commonly 3.Line printers
used to print text and photos. 4.Drum printer
Printer speed 5. Chain/Band printer

The speed of a printer is measured in:- 2.Non-impact printers

Character per second(CPS),
Lines per minute(LPM) 1.Ink-jet printers
Page per minute (PPM). 2.Laser printers
3.Thermal printer
Faster the printing, the more 16
expensive the printer. Note:- print quality is measured in dots
per inch (DPI).

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RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

A plotter is a computer
hardware device much like
a printer that is used for
printing vector graphics.

IMPORTANT COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Which of the following groups consists of only

input devices?

(1) Mouse, Keyboard, Monitor Ans-4

(2) Mouse, Keyboard, Printer
(3) Mouse, Keyboard, Plotter, Scanner
(4) Mouse, Keyboard

The OCR is used for the preparation of:- You can use the tab key to:-

(1) electricity bills (1) move a cursor across the screen

(2) insurance premium (2) indent a paragraph
Ans-4
Ans-4
(3) telephone bills (3) move the cursor down the screen
(4) All of the above (4) Both '1' and '2'

Which of the following device is used to recognize a Which of the following input device converts
pre-specified type of mark made by pencil or pen? bitmap images of characters to equivalent
ASCII codes?
a. Bar-Code Reader b. OCR Ans-a
c. Scanner d. OMR a. OCR b. OMR
Ans-d c. Scanner d. Touch Screen

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Central Processing Unit (CPU)

SIRJEE CLASSES

The central processing unit consits of set of registers, arithmetic

and control circuits, which together interpret and execute
instructions in assembly language.

The primary functions of the CPU are:-

1. The CPU transfers instructions and input

data from main memory to registers.
e.g, internal memory.

2. The CPU executes the instructions in

the stored sequence.

3. When necessary, CPU transfer output data

from registers to main memory.
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COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) SIRJEE CLASSES

The arthematic logic unit contains the electronic circuitry

that executes all arithmetic and logical operations on the
available data.

It is used to perform all arithmetic calculation (addition,

subtraction, multiplication and division) and logical
calculation(AND, OR, etc)
Logical unit performs comparison of numbers,
Letters and special characters.
ALU uses registers to hold the data that is being processed.
REGISTER
Registers are special purpose and high-speed temporary memory units.
Essentially, they hold the information that the CPU is currently
working on. 20

Registers store data, instructions, address and intermediate results of processing.

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CONTROL UNIT
SIRJEE CLASSES

It coordinates with the input and output devices of a computer.

It direct the computer to carry out stored programs and instructions

by communicating with the ALU and the registers.

It organises the processing of data and instructions.

BUSES OF COMPUTER

1. INTERNAL BUS
2. EXTERNAL BUS

1. Internal Bus 2. EXTERNAL BUS

Internal buses are:-

1. Data bus
2. Address bus 21
3. Control bus

Input / Output PORTS

The peripheral devices can be connected to computer in several ways. SIRJEE CLASSES

Input output ports are external interfaces that are used to connect input
and output devices like printer, modem and joystick to computer.
The input output devices are connected to the computer through the serial
and parallel ports, universal serial bus, USB firewire ports.
I/O Ports are:-
1. (USB) universal serial bus 2. Parallel port

It is a common and popular external A parallel port is an interface for

port available with computers. connecting 8 or more data wires.

USB also has play and plug features, The data flows through the eight
which allows devices ready to be run. wires simultaneously.

3. Serial port 4. Firewire

Serial port transmits one bit of data
It is used to connect audio and
through a single wire. 22
video multimedia devices like
Serial ports provide Slow speed
video camera.
transmission of data.

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RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

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MEMORY UNIT
A memory unit/device is used in the computers to store the data. SIRJEE CLASSES

1. Primary memory or main memory

2. Secondary memory or auxilary memory

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1. Primary memory or main memory

The memory unit that communicates directly with the CPU is called SIRJEE CLASSES

main memory.
They are volatile in nature, i.e. when power is off contents of these memory
are lost forever.
Main memory is directly or indirectly connected to the central processing unit
via a memory bus.
The CPU continuously reads instructions stored there and executes them as
required.
Ex:- 1. RAM 2. ROM 3. Cache

1. RAM (volatile memory) 2. ROM (non-volatile memory)

This memory is used as the computer
begins to boot up.

Small programs
called firmware
are often stored
in ROM chips
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RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

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IMPORTANT COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Ans-b
Ans-a

Ans-b Ans-c

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Ans-c

SECONDARY MEMORY
(Auxiliary memory/storage devices)
SIRJEE CLASSES

The secondary memory stores much larger

amounts of data and information for extended
periods of time.

Data in secondary memory cannot be processed

directly by the CPU, it must first be copied into
primary storage i.e. RAM.

Secondary memory devices include:-

Magnetic disks optical disks solid state

disks
➢Hard disks drive
➢Floppy disk ➢CD
➢Memory stick ➢DVD ➢Pen/Flash Drive
➢Blue-ray disks 28

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Magnetic disk
1. Hard disk
2. Optical disks SIRJEE CLASSES

The hard disk drive is the main and usually

largest, data storage device in a computer.
It is used for storing & retrieving data using
Theharddiskdriveisthemain,andusu
rotating disks (platters) coated with
allylargest,datastoragedeviceinaco
magnetic material
mputer.
Optical disc is any storage media
that holds content in digital format
and is read using a laser assembly is
considered optical media.
The most common types of optical
media are:-

➢Compact Disc (CD)

➢Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)
➢Blu-ray(BD)
Internal Hard disk
Compact Disc (CD) types:-

➢CD-ROM
➢CD-R
➢CD-RW

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External Hard disk

Comparison of secondary memory

SIRJEE CLASSES

Secondary Memory Device and their

Storage method and capacity
Other Example of Storage Devices
Cloud Storage
Cloud storage means“ the storage of
data online in the cloud, "wherein a
data is stored in and accessible from
multiple distributed and connected
resources that comprise a cloud.

Ex-

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RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Ans-b

Ans-d

Ans-a

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Ans-a

Memory measurement
SIRJEE CLASSES

32

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RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

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IMPORTANT COMPUTER QUESTION

SIRJEE CLASSES

Unit of storage capacity is:-

Ans-4 (1) Meters (2) bus

(3) bit (4) cubicmeter
Ans-3
The primary device that a computer uses
to store information is:-
Ans-4 Magnetic tape is not practical for applications
(1) TV (2) desk where data must be quickly recalled because
(3) Store house (4) hard drive tape is:-

(1) a random access medium Ans-2

The highest unit of information, computer (2) a sequential access medium
can understand and process, is known as:- (3) a read only medium
(4) an expensive storage medium
(1) exa byte (2) yotta byte 34
(3) geop byte (4) zetta byte Ans-3

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OPERATING SYSTEM
SIRJEE CLASSES
Operating system is the first and foremost system software that
manages the hardware, and application softwares.

An Operating System performs basic tasks such as controlling input

and output devices, processing of instructions, controlling and
allocating memory.

It mainly provides an environment to run the software and serves

services to computer hardware.
An operating system consists of a set of programs, which controls,
coordinates and supervises the activities of the various components
of a computer system.

In other words, an operating system is a program which acts as an

interface between a user and hardware.

Ex- unix, MS-DOS, windows 98/2000/XP

Types of operating system

SIRJEE CLASSES

There are different types of operating systems available

which require different types of hardware to run on.

The operating systems are classified as:-

1. Single user operating system

Single user operating system is a type of operating

system which allows only one user at a time.

Operating system for personal computer (PC) is a

single user operating system.

They are designed to manage one task at a time.

ex- MS-DOS, windows 9X

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2. Multi user operating system

SIRJEE CLASSES
This operating system allows multiple users to access a computer
system concurrently.
It is used in computer networks that allows the
same data and application to be accessed by
multiple user at the same time.

Ex- UNIX, LINUX , Windows 2000/2007

3. Multitasking Operating System

In multi-tasking operating system, more than one
processes can be executed concurrently.

It also allows the user to switch between the running

application.
Ex- LINUX, UNIX, WINDOWS 95

Mobile operating system

SIRJEE CLASSES

A mobile OS is an OS that operates on smart phones, tablets and

digital mobile devices.
Ex:- android, symbian, IOS, blackberry

Android 11
(LATEST)

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Android operating system

Code Version Initial release SIRJEE CLASSES
name numbers date
Cupcake 1.5 April 27, 2009
Donut 1.6 September 15, 2009
Eclair 2.0 – 2.1 October 26, 2009
Froyo 2.2 – 2.2.3 May 20, 2010
Gingerbread 2.3 – 2.3.7 December 6, 2010
Honeycomb 3.0 – 3.2.6 February 22, 2011
Ice Cream Sandwich 4.0 – 4.0.4 October 18, 2011
Jelly Bean 4.1 – 4.3.1 July 9, 2012
KitKat 4.4 – 4.4.4 October 31, 2013
Lollipop 5.0 – 5.1.1 November 12, 2014
Marshmallow 6.0 – 6.0.1 October 5, 2015
7.0 August 22, 2016
Nougat
7.1.1 – 7.1.2 December 5, 2016
Oreo 8.0 – 8.1 August 21, 2017
Pie 9.0 August 6, 2018 39
Android 10 10.0 September 3, 2019
Android 11 11 September 8, 2020

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Ans-d

40

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RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Ans-a

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RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

BIOS an acronym for Basic Input/Output System and

also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS or PC BIOS)
is firmware used to perform hardware initialization
during the booting process (power-on startup), and to
provide runtime services for operating systems and
programs.

The BIOS firmware comes pre-installed on a personal

computer's system board, and it is the first software to
run when powered on.

The BIOS in modern PCs initializes and tests the system

hardware components, and loads a boot loader from a
mass memory device which then initializes an operating
system.

Unix is a family of multitasking,

multiuser computer operating systems
42
that derive from the original AT&T
Unix, development starting in the
1970s at the Bell Labs research center

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IMPORTANT COMPUTER QUESTION

SIRJEE CLASSES

Ubuntu is a Linux distribution based on Debian

mostly composed of free and open-source
Ans-c software. Ubuntu is officially released in three
editions: Desktop, Server, and Core for Internet
of things devices and robots.

All the editions can run on the computer alone,

or in a virtual machine.

Ans-4

Ans-4
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Ans-d

COMPUTER SOFTWARE & LANGUAGE

SIRJEE CLASSES

Computer software, or simply software, is a

collection of data or computer instructions
that tell the computer how to work and what
to work.

Software is a interface between user and

computer.

It is responsible for controlling, integrating

and managing the hardware components of a
computer system.

Software cant be touched or feel but it is

effected by virus. 44

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TYPES OF SOFTWARE
SIRJEE CLASSES

Software can be divided into two major

categories.

1. System Software.
2. Application Software.

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System Software
SIRJEE CLASSES

System software consists of several programs, which are directly

responsible for controlling, integrating and managing the individual
hardware components of a computer system.

It also provides the interface between the user and component of the
computer.

The purpose of system software is to insulate the applications

programmer as much as possible from the detail of the particular
complex computer being used.

Depending on the functionality, the system software can be further

divided into two major categories:-

1. System management program. 46

2. Developing software.

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1. System Management Program:

SIRJEE CLASSES

It includes an integrated system of programs, which manages the

operations of the processor, controls input/output, manages storage
resources and provides various support services.
Some common examples of system management programs are:
1. operating system (MS-DOS, windows XP/2000/98, UNIX, LINUX)
2. device driver ( printer software, pen tablet software).
3. system utilities.
2. Developing Software
It is a software which provides service required for the development
and execution of application software. They are:-

1. The programming languages.

2. language translator.
3. loader.
4. Linker. 47

These are required for the application software development.

1.Programming Languages
SIRJEE CLASSES

A programming language is a primary interface of a programmer with a

computer. A programming language is an artificial language to express
computation that can be performed by a computer.

Programming languages are divided into two categories:-

1. Low Level Language (LLL).

2. High Level Language (HLL).
1.Low Level Language (LLL)

1. Machine Language: It is sometimes, referred to as machine code

or object code. It is a collection of binary digits or bits that
computer reads and interprets.

2. Assembly Language: It is used to interface with computer 48

hardware. It uses English –like mnemonics code to write a program.

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2. High Level Language (HLL)

SIRJEE CLASSES
It is machine independent language and uses translator. It is also
called source code. Some commonly used high level languages are:-

1. C & C++ 2. BASIC, 3. FORTRAN, 4. PASCAL, etc.

Some Object oriented based programming language:-

1. Python
2. Java
3. C++
4. Ruby
5. Scala
6. PHP

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Some High level language

SIRJEE CLASSES

50

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2. LANGUAGE TRANSLATOR
SIRJEE CLASSES

A language translator helps in converting programming languages

to machine language. The translated program is called the object
code. There are three different kinds of language translator:-

1. Assembler:- It is used to convert the assembly language into

machine language (i.e.,0 or 1), This language consists of mnemonic
codes which are difficult to learn and is machine dependent.

2. Compiler:- It is used to convert the source code (written in high

level language) into machine language. Compiler reads whole source
code at a time and trap the errors and inform to programmer.

3.Interpreter:- This language processor converts a high level language

program into machine language by converting it line-by-line.

If there is any error in any line during execution, it will report it at 51

the same time and cannot resume until the error is rectified.

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Java applets are used to provide

interactive features to web
applications.

They are small, portable Java 52

programs embedded in HTML Python is an interpreted,
pages and can run automatically object-oriented, high-level
when the pages are viewed. programming language.

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Application Software
SIRJEE CLASSES

Application software is a computer software designed to help the user

to perform singular or multiple tasks.

It is a set of instructions or program designed for specific uses or

applications, that enable the user to interact with a computer.

Application software are also called the end-user programs. These

programs do the real work for users.

There are two types of application software.

1. General Purpose Software

2. Specific purpose software
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1. General Purpose Software

SIRJEE CLASSES

General purpose software’s are designed to perform general

tasks.
I. Word Processing Software
E.g.,
Microsoft Word , WordPerfect (Windows only),
Appleworks
II. Presentation software
e.g., IV. Database Management System
Microsoft PowerPoint, (DBMS)
Corel presentations,
e.g.,
III. Electronic Spreadsheets Microsoft Access,
E.g., Corel Paradox
Microsoft Excel,
54
Corel Quattro Pro,
Lotus 1-2-3

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IMPORTANT COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Ans-c
Ans-3

The first commercially available language was FORTRAN

Ans-3 (FORmula TRANslation), developed in 1956 (first manual
appeared in 1956, but first developed in 1954) by a team led
by John Backus at IBM.

Computer language used on internet is:-

(1) PASCAL
(2) BASIC
(3) Java
Ans-3
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(4) LOGO

MICROSOFT (MS) OFFICE

SIRJEE CLASSES

Microsoft Office was developed by Microsoft in

1980’s.

It is a collection of software, based on specific

purpose and mainly used in office work.

There are 5 packages of MS Office:-

1. MS Word (word processing software).

2. MS Excel (tabular data formatting software).

3. MS PowerPoint (presentation software).

4. MS Access (database management software).
5. MS Outlook ( email client).
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Operating system: Microsoft Windows.

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RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Microsoft is a multinational computer technology

corporation.

Microsoft was founded on April 4, 1975, by Bill

Gates and Paul Allen in Albuquerque, New Mexico.

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MICROSOFT (MS) OFFICE

1. Microsoft Word (MS-Word) SIRJEE CLASSES

MS Word is a word processing application and

is one of the most important and widely used
application found on computer.

Word processing software is mainly used for

the creation of text-based documents.

It provides tools for composing, editing,

formatting and printing of documents.

The document can be a poster, report, letter,

brochure, web page, newsletter etc.

e.g. wordstar , easy word, notepad for

Windows. 58
File format .doc

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Shortcut keys of MS-Word and their Descriptions

SIRJEE CLASSES

Standard toolbar

59

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

60

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RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

61

2. Microsoft Excel SIRJEE CLASSES

It is an electronic spreadsheet used for

analysing, sharing and managing
information for accounting purpose
performing mathematical calculations,
budgeting, billing.

A spreadsheet is a matrix of rows and

columns similar to an accounting ledger.

The spreadsheet program also provides

tools for creating graphs, inserting pictures
and chart, analysing the data etc.

e.g.
File format or extension62
Microsoft-Excel (MS-Excel), coral Quattro
of Excel is, .xlsx or .xls.
pro, snowball, lotus-1-2-3.

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Shortcut keys of MS-Excel and SIRJEE CLASSES

their descriptions

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RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

In Microsoft Excel, a workbook is a

collection of one or more spreadsheets,
also called worksheets, in a single file.

A nested function is a function

that is completely contained
within a parent function.

All Excel formulas begin with the

equals sign, =, followed by a specific
text tag denoting the formula you'd
like Excel to perform.

64

32
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MS-POWERPOINT
3. Microsoft Powepoint SIRJEE CLASSES

File format for the documents created is .pptx or .ppt.

65
In MS-Powerpoint, we can add many types of image and sound format such
as .gif, .bmp, .png, .jpg, .giv, .wav, .mid etc.

Shortcut Keys of Microsoft Powerpoint SIRJEE CLASSES

and their Descriptions

66

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 12/3/2020

MS-POWERPOINT SHORTCUT
SIRJEE CLASSES

67

4. MS-ACCESS
SIRJEE CLASSES
Microsoft Access is an application which allows the creating of databases.

Microsoft Access is a relational database management system (rDBMS).

Access is a tool for managing the database.

It Allows you to design and create complete database with quick and easy data
entry, maintain them and search for information.

5. Microsoft Outlook
It is an email client and personal information manager that is available as a
part of Microsoft Office Suite.

Windows mobile devices are the version of MS Outlook, enables users to

synchronise their E-mails data to their smartphones.
68

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 12/3/2020

IMPORTANT EXTENTIONS
SIRJEE CLASSES

69

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

An ODT file is a text document

created by various word
processors, such as the Writer
program.

CSS is an acronym for

Cascading Style Sheet.

Files that contain the .css

file extension are used to
format the contents of an
associated Web page.
70

35
 12/3/2020

ALL IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Ans-5

71
Ans-2

VARIOUS DATA REPRESENTATION

SIRJEE CLASSES

Ans-a

36
 12/3/2020

Roman numeral
Roman numeral, any of the symbols used in a system of numerical
SIRJEE CLASSES

notation based on the ancient Roman system.

The symbols are I, V, X, L, C, D, and M, standing respectively for

1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1,000 in the Hindu-Arabic numeral system.

Ans-c

COMPUTER CODES
SIRJEE CLASSES
➢In computer, any characters like alphabet, digit or any special
character is represented by collection of 0’ and 1’ in a unique
coded pattern.

➢In computers, the code is made up of fixed size groups of binary

positions.

➢The binary coding schemes that are most commonly used are as
follows:-

1. Binary coded decimal (BCD).

2. American standard code for information interchange (ASCII).

3. Extended binary coded decimal interchange code (EBCDIC).

74
4. UNICODE.

37
 12/3/2020

COMPUTER CODES
1. Binary coded decimal (BCD) SIRJEE CLASSES

Binary coded decimal is a number system where

four bits are used to represent each decimal
digits.

BCD is a method of using binary digits to

represent the decimal digits (0-9).

In BCD system, there is no limit on size of a

number.

Ex- 81 ----- 1000 0001

11 ----- 0001 0001

75

COMPUTER CODES
SIRJEE CLASSES

2. American standard code for information

interchange (ASCII)

ASCII characters are represented by seven bits. These are

standard character codes used to store data so that it may
be used by other software programs.

The standard ASCII codes defines 128 character code(from 0

to 127). Basically, ASCII codes are of two types-

➢ASCII-7 : it is a 7-bit standard ASCII code, it allows = 128

unique symbols.

➢ASCII-8 : It is an extended version of ASCII-7. It is an 8-bit code,

it allows = 256 symbols or characters. 76

38
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COMPUTER CODES
SIRJEE CLASSES

3. Extended binary coded decimal interchange code

(EBCDIC).

In EBCDIC, characters are represented by eight bits.

These codes store information which is readable by other

computers.

It allows 2^8 = 256 combinations of bits.

4. UNICODE
➢It uses 16-bits to represent a symbol in the data.

➢It represents any non-english character like Chinese, Japanese.

77
➢Unicode provides unique codes for every character of every language.

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

78

39
 12/3/2020

ALL IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

A hexadecimal number is represented by:-

(a) three digits (b) four digits Which of the following is not a computer
(c) None of these (d) four binary digits code?

Ans-b (a) EBCDIC

(b) ASCII Ans-c
Decimal number system is the group of .... (c) CISC
numbers. (4) UNICODE
(a) 0 or 1 (b) 0 to 9
The most widely used code that represents
(c) 0 to 7 (4) 0 to 9 and A to F
each character as a unique 8-bit code is-
Ans-b
(a) ASCII
(b) UNICODE
(c) BCD Ans-a
(d) EBCDIC

79
Ans-3

NETWORKING/COMPUTER NETWORK
Computer network SIRJEE CLASSES

Computer network is a collection of two or more

computers, which are connected together to
share information and resources.

It is a combination of hardware and software

that allows communication between computers
over a network. The computers may be
connected through any data communication
link, like wires, cables, satellite links and other
communication media.

ARPANET stands for advanced research project

agency network.

ARPANET was the first network developed by Robert kahn and

Vinton cart in 1969.

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TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORK

SIRJEE CLASSES
On the basis of geogrophical area connection, computer
network are:-

1. PAN 2. LAN
3. CAN 4. MAN
5. WAN

1. Personal area network (PAN)

PAN refers to a small network of

communication. these are used in few
Limited range, which is in reachability of
individual person.

Ex- bluetooth, wireless USB, Zig Bee.

Its range is 10 metre distance area.

2. LAN (LOCAL AREA NETWORK)

SIRJEE CLASSES

2. Local area network (LAN)

It is a small and single-site network.

A LAN connect network devices over

relatively short distance.

It is a system in which computers are

interconnected in the geographical areas
such as home, office, buildings, school
may be within a building to 1 kilometre.

Ehernet:- a system of connecting a number of system to form a LAN.

IEEE 802.3 :- A type of ethernet standard.

Wi-fi (wireless fidelity) is an example.

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3. CAN (campus area network)

❖Network area within a campus SIRJEE CLASSES

all are connected together.

❖Network may be upto 2-3 km.

4. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

It is a Data network design for a town or city.

It connects an area larger than a LAN, but

smaller than a WAN, such as a city, with
dedicated or high performance hardware.

Its main purpose is to share hardware and

software resources by the various users.

Cable TV network is an example of Metropolitan

Area Network.

5. WAN (wide area network)

SIRJEE CLASSES
A WAN is a geographically dispersed collection
of LANs. A WAN like the internet spans most of
the world.

Network device called a router connects LANs

to WAN.

Ans-2

42
 12/3/2020

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

A wireless LAN (WLAN) is a wireless computer

network that links two or more devices using
wireless communication to form a local area
network (LAN) within a limited area such as a
home, school, computer laboratory, campus,
or office building.

Ans-c

Ans-a

OSI MODEL/LAYER

SIRJEE CLASSES

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 12/3/2020

OSI LAYER & FUNCTION OF EACH OSI LAYER

SIRJEE CLASSES

GATEWAY

GATEWAY

GATEWAY

GATEWAY

ROUTER

SWITCH,
BRIDGE
HUB,
REPEATER

NETWORK DEVICES

Network devices are required to 1. Repeater SIRJEE CLASSES

amplify the signal, to restore the

original strength of signal and to Repeater is device that operates
provide an interface to connect only on the physical layer of OSI
multiple computers in a network. model.

Network devices are:- Repeaters have two ports and can

connect two segments of a LAN.
1. Repeater
2. Hub It amplifies the weak signals when
3. Gateway they are transported over long
4. Switch distance so that the signal can be as
5. Bridge strong as original signal.
6. Router
7. RJ11 connector
8. Ethernet card 88

44
 12/3/2020

IMPORTANT COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Ans-d
Ans-1

Ans-1
Ans-2

Ans-3

TRANSMISSION MEDIA
SIRJEE CLASSES

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 12/3/2020

Transmission medium
SIRJEE CLASSES

OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE (OFC)

 Optical Fibre Cable – SIRJEE CLASSES

It uses the concept of reflection of light through a core made up of glass or plastic. The core is
surrounded by a less dense glass or plastic covering called the cladding. It is used for
transmission of large volumes of data.

Advantages:
 Increased capacity and bandwidth.
 Light weight.
 Less signal attenuation.
 Immunity to electromagnetic interference.
 Resistance to corrosive materials.

Disadvantages:
 Difficult to install and maintain.
 High cost.
 Fragile.
 unidirectional, ie, will need another fibre, if we need bidirectional communication.

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DATA TRANSMISSION MODES

SIRJEE CLASSES

Communication between two devices can be:-

1. Simplex
2. Half-duplex
3. Full-duplex.
1. simplex mode
In simplex mode, the communication is
unidirectional, as on a one-way street.

Only one of the two devices on a link can

transmit; the other can only receive.

Keyboards and traditional monitors.

The keyboard can only introduce input; the monitor can only accept output.

The simplex mode can use the entire capacity of the channel to send data in one
direction.

2. Half-duplex
SIRJEE CLASSES

➢In half-duplex mode, each station can both transmit

and receive, but not at the same time.

➢When one device is sending, the other can only

receive, and vice versa.

➢Walkie-talkies and CB (citizens band) radios are

both half-duplex systems.

➢The half-duplex mode is used in cases where there is

no need for communication in both directions at the
same time

➢the entire capacity of the channel can be utilized for

each direction.

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3. Full-Duplex:
SIRJEE CLASSES

❖In full-duplex both stations can transmit and receive

simultaneously.

❖ In full-duplex mode, signals going in one direction

share the capacity of the link: with signals going in the
other direction.

❖One common example of full-duplex communication

is the telephone network.When two people are
communicating by a telephone line, both can talk and
listen at the same time.

❖ The full-duplex mode is used when communication

in both directions is required all the time.

❖The capacity of the channel, however, must be

divided between the two directions.

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Communication mode which supports data in both directions at

the same time is called?

a. simplex Ans-b
b. Full duplex
c. Half duplex
d. multiplex
a. Simplex b. half duplex c. full duplex

Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL)

is a type of digital subscriber line (DSL)
technology, a data communications
technology that enables faster data
transmission over copper telephone lines
than a conventional voiceband modem can
provide.

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Benefits of networking
SIRJEE CLASSES

Computer network is very useful in modern environment.

Some of the benefits of network are-

1. File sharing- networking of computers helps the users to share

data files.

2. Hardware sharing- users can share devices such as printers,

scanners, CD ROM drives, hard drives.

3. Application sharing- applications can be shared over the network and

this allows implementation of client/ server
applications.

4. User communication-This allows users to communicate using email,

newsgroups, video conferencing within the 97
network.

(ALL IMPORTANT QUESTIONS)

SIRJEE CLASSES

Ans-b

Ans-2

98
Ans-1

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 12/3/2020

Network topology
SIRJEE CLASSES

The term topology refers to the way a

network is laid out, either physically or
logically.

Topology can be referred as a geometric

arrangement of computer system.

Each computer system in topology is known

as node.

Network topologies are:-

1. BUS topology
2. RING/CIRCULAR topology
3. STAR topology 99
4. MESH topology

(ALL IMPORTANT NETWORKING QUESTIONS)

SIRJEE CLASSES

Ans-1

Ans-3

100
Ans-1

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 12/3/2020

INTERNET
Internet stands for international Network, which SIRJEE CLASSES

began in 1950’s by Vint curf he is known as father of

the internet.

The term internet is derived from two words-

interconnections and networks, also referred to as
NET.

Internet is a network of networks that consists

millions of private and public network of local to
global scope.

Network is a group of two or more computer systems

linked together.

Internet help us in communication, information,

business, social networking, shopping entertainment,
job searching and e-commerce.

INTERCONNECTING PROTOCOLS
SIRJEE CLASSES
A protocol is a set of rules that governs the data
communication.
TCP/IP MODEL
A protocol defines what is communicated, how it is
communicated and when it is communicated. APPLICATION
LAYER

Some protocols used are:- TRANSPORT

LAYER
1. TCP/IP Protocol- (commonly used for the internet).
INTERNET LAYER
TCP/IP provides end-to-end
connectivity specifying how NETWORK ACCESS
data should be formatted, LAYER
addressed, transmitted, routed
& received at the destination.

2. FTP (file transfer protocol) - for trasfering, uploading

files.

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 12/3/2020

INTERCONNECTING PROTOCOLS
SIRJEE CLASSES
3. HTTP (hyper text transfer protocol)-

It defines how messages are formated,

transmitted and what action should be
taken by the web servers & browsers in
respone to various commands.

When we enter URL in web browser it

sends an HTTP command to the web
server directing it to fetch and transmit
the requested page. A typical URL could have the form

http://www.example.com/index.html

We all use URLs to visit webpages and which indicates a protocol (http),
other resources on the web.
a hostname (www.example.com),

and a file name (index.html).

INTERCONNECTING PROTOCOLS
4. HTML (hyper text mark-up language)- SIRJEE CLASSES

Used for designing web pages (web page

format & displayed).

It tells the web browser how to display a web

page’s words and images for the user.

5. Telnet (terminal network)

It enable the internet user for remote login.

Telnet is a TCP/IP protocol for accessing remote computers. Through Telnet, an

administrator or another user can access someone else's computer remotely. On
the Web, HTTP and FTP protocols allow you to request specific files from
remote computers, but not to actually be logged on as a user of that computer.

With Telnet, you log on as a regular user with whatever privileges you may have
been granted to the specific application and data on that computer.

52
 12/3/2020

SERVICES OF INTERNET
SIRJEE CLASSES

1. Downloading and uploading files from/to sites.

2. Online chat.
3. E-mail

4. Video conferencing.
5. E-learning.
6. E-banking.

7. E-shopping
8. E-reservation.
9. Social networking.

10. E-commerce.

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

SSH:- The SSH protocol (also

referred to as Secure Shell) is a
method for secure remote login
from one computer to another

POP:- Post Office Protocol (POP) is a

type of computer networking and
Internet standard protocol that
extracts and retrieves email from a
remote mail server for access by the
host machine.

PPP:- In computer networking, Point-to-Point Protocol

(PPP) is a Data link layer (layer 2) communications
protocol between two routers directly without any host
or any other networking in between.

It can provide connection authentication, transmission

encryption, and compression.

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 12/3/2020

E-mail (electronic mail)

Invented by Ray Tomlinson. SIRJEE CLASSES

Email is the electronic version of sending and receiving

letter. Electronic mail allow us to send and receive messages
in electronic form.

Email is transmitted between computer system according

to certain internet protocols or rules for exchanging
E-mail.

A user must have email address to Use email, which consists

Of two parts separated by @ symbol.
mk898275@gmail.com
username host name( Domain name)

Spaces are not allowed within email address. 107

E-mail (electronic mail)

SIRJEE CLASSES
CC stands for carbon copy. Email addresses in this
field will receive a copy of the email. CC is done just to
keep the recipients informed about the matter that
sender and recipients in To field are discussing through
email. Boss, Manager, employee

BCC stands for blind carbon copy. This field is almost

same as the CC field with only difference being that none
of the recipients will know who else was sent a BCC copy
of the email.

BCC is generally used when you want to send bulk email.

For example, if you want to send some information to 400
people, it would be inappropriate to put all the email IDs
in To or CC field.
108

54
 12/3/2020

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Neil had been working as a developer and test

engineer to create a Short Message Service
(SMS) for his client, Vodafone. That very first
text, sent on the 3rd December 1992, simply
said, “Merry Christmas.”

Neil Papworth who sent the world's first text

message on 3 December 1992.

ALL IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

What are the uses of the internet?

(A) Communication Ans-d

(B) Information Retrieval
Ans-a (C) Presentation of Information
(D) All of the Above

Ans-4
Ans-3

110
Ray Tomlinson is universally credited as the creator of email as part of a program for ARPANET in 1971.
Meanwhile in 1978, a 14-year-old boy, Shiva Ayyadurai began his work on an email system for the
University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey.

55
 12/3/2020

WEBSITE
A website is a collection of web pages (documents SIRJEE CLASSES

that are accessed through the Internet),that follow

the same theme and are connected together with
hyperlinks is called a website.
A web page can contain any type of information,
and can include text, color, graphics, animation
and sound.
In other words, a website is a collection of digital
documents, which is basically a HTML files, that
are linked together.
Websites and web pages are written in a coding
language that makes it possible to add pictures,
sound.
http://www.facebook.com website
http://www.facebook.com/profile webpage 111

First page of a website is called home page.

WEB ADDRESS OR URL

SIRJEE CLASSES
It is address of a website, file, or document, in the general
format:- http://www.address/directories/filename
http://www.facebook.com/services/profile

Every computer connected to the internet has its unique

web address, without which it cannot be reached by other
computers.
On the, web addresses are called URL(uniform resource
locator).
Most web browsers display the URL of a web page above the page in
an address bar.
A typical URL could have the form
http://www.facebook.com/index.html
(http)-protocol
(www)- indicate that web page is part of world wide web
(facebook.com)-domain name & indicates unique address of a website. 112
(index.html)-file name

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 12/3/2020

DOMAIN NAME
SIRJEE CLASSES
Domain is a group of network resources
assigned to a group of users.

A domain name is a way to identify and locate

computers connected to the internet.

Domain name is always unique & has two or

more parts, separated by dots.
ex- google.com, yahoo.com
Domain abbreviation

WEB SERVER

A web server is a computer where the web SIRJEE CLASSES

content is stored.

A web server can, in general, contain one or web server

more websites.
Web server helps to deliver web content that can be
accessed through the Internet, alongwith other uses
like :-
gaming, data storage or running
business applications. 234.134.4.45

A web server commonly known as HTTP server which is a program

that servers content using the HTTP protocol.

This content is generally in the form of HTML documents, images,

and other web resources.
114
Every web server is given a unique address i.e. IP address (ip v-4, 32 bit
ip v-6 128 bit). 234.134.4.45

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 12/3/2020

IP ADDRESSING
SIRJEE CLASSES
1. IP V-4 (32 bit)
2. IP V-6 (128 bit)
1. IP V-4 (32 bit)

➢ With the help of IP we send message

from source to destination.

➢ Each nodes have unique IP address.

➢ IPv-4 is 32 bit logical address.

➢ It have 4 octet (8 Bit each), each

octet can have 0 to 255 max and min value.

➢ It is made of two component:-

115

Network ID + host ID

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

58
 12/3/2020

WEB BROWSER
It is a software application used to locate, SIRJEE CLASSES

retrieve and display content on the World Wide

Web, including webpages, images, video and
other files.
Purpose of web browser

1. Connect to a server and sends request for

information

2. Receives the information and then displays

it on users computers.

Types of web browser

1. Text web browser (text-based information).
2. Graphical web browser (text and graphic).
117
Note:-
NCSA Mosaic (1st graphical web browser)

BROWSER EXAMPLES
Some popular web browsers are:- SIRJEE CLASSES

1. Netscape navigator- it is one of the original web

browser.
2. Internet explorer (IE)- product of microsoft.

3. Firefox- new browser derived from Mozilla.

4. Google chrome- Developed by google.

5. Safari- developed by apple included in Mac OS

6. Opera- smaller and faster than most other
browsers.
7. Slimjet brower
8. Maxthon
9. SlimBrowser
10. Netsurf browser
11. Macweb 118
12. UC browser

59
 12/3/2020

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

COOKIES

BOOKMARKS

ALL IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Ans-4

Ans-3

Ans-4 120

60
 12/3/2020

MALWARE ATTACKS ON COMPUTER

SIRJEE CLASSES
Malware is an unwanted software that any unauthorised person
want to run on your computer.
It includes:-
1. Worms 2. computer virus
3. trojan/trojan horse, 4. spyware etc.

1. worms
It is a computer program that replicates itself
in order to spread to other computers.

worms almost always cause atleast some harm to

the network, even if only by consuming bandwidth,
where as virus almost always corrupt or modify
files on a targeted computer.
worms are hard to detect because they are invisible 121
files.

2. COMPUTER VIRUS
SIRJEE CLASSES

VIRUS-vital information resource under siege.

Computer virus is a small software program that spreads

from one computer to another and that interferes with
computer operation.

It obtains the control of a PC and directs it to perform

unusual and often destructive actions.

Viruses are copied itself and attached itself to other

programs which further spread the infection.

The virus can affect or attack any part of the computer

software such as:-
Boot block Files 122
Operating system Application program

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 12/3/2020

3. TROJAN/TROJAN HORSE
SIRJEE CLASSES

It is a non- self- replicating type of Malware

which appears to perform a desirable function
but instead facilitates unauthorised access to the
users computer system.
Trojans Do not attempt to inject themselves
into other files like a computer virus.

Trojan Horses may Steal information, or harm

their host computer systems.

Trojan Horse install via online games or internet

driven application in order to reach the target
computers.
It is non-replicating in nature.
123
e.g., beast, zeroAccess Rootkit etc.

4. SPYWARE
Spyware is program which is installed on a computer SIRJEE CLASSES

system to spy on the system owner's activity and collects

all the information which is misused afterwards.
Spyware can transmit personal information to another
person's computer over the internet.

Spyware can harm in many ways like:-

1. Steal your password.

2. Observe your browsing choices.
3. Redirect your web browser to phishing pages.
4. Can alter your computer settings ( web browser,
home page settings or placement of your desktop
icon).

e.g., cool web search, FinFisher, 124

62
 12/3/2020

SOME OTHER THREATS TO COMPUTER

1. SPOOFING SIRJEE CLASSES

Spoofing is a technique to access the unauthorised

data without concerning to the authorised user
over the network.
It pretend to be someone one is not.

2. HACKING

It is Act of intruding into someone else's computer

or network.

It prevents The authorised users from accessing

the resources of the computer.
125
Hacker is someone who does the hacking process.

SOME OTHER THREATS TO COMPUTER

3. PHISHING
SIRJEE CLASSES

It is an attempt to fraudulently acquire sensitive

information such as passwords, credit cards details,
etc by masquerading as a trustworthy person.
Phishing messages usually take the form of fake
notifications from bank providers, e-pay systems
and other organisation.
It is a type of internet fraud that seeks to acquire
a user's credential by deception.

4. SPAM
It is an act of sending unsolicited bulk messages in
the form of emails.

It is a subset of electronic spam involving nearly

126
identical messages sent to numerous recipient by
emails.

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 12/3/2020

SOLUTIONS TO COMPUTER SECURITY

SIRJEE CLASSES
Some safeguards or solutions to protect computer system from
unauthorised access and threats are:-

1. Antivirus software

Antivirus software is a application software that are designed to

prevent, search for, detect and remove viruses and other malicious
software like worms, trojans, adware and more.

Popular antivirus software are

➢Avast
➢K7 ➢Norton
➢AVG ➢Trend micro
➢Kaspersky ➢McAfree
➢Quick Heal ➢Symantec
127
➢Dr. Web ➢Panda Global

SOLUTIONS TO COMPUTER SECURITY

2. firewall SIRJEE CLASSES

A firewall can either be software based or hardware based and is used to

help in keeping a network secure.
Its primary objective is to control the incoming and outgoing network traffic by
analyzing the data packets and determining whether it should be allowed through
or not, based on predetermined rule set.
A networks Firewall builds a bridge between Internal
network that is assumed to be secure and another
network, usually an external network, such as the
internet, that is not assumed to be secure and trusted.

3. Passwords

A password is a secret word or a string of characters used for user authentication

to prove identity or access approval to gain access to resource, which should be
kept secret from those who are not allowed to get access.
128

64
 12/3/2020

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

65
 12/3/2020

ALL IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Ans-3

Ans-1

Ans-2

Ans-1
131
Ans-1

Important full-form Related to Computer

1. Hardware Parts SIRJEE CLASSES

In this list, We have put all the things full form which is related to computer’s
and it’s hardware.
Short Form Full Form Short Form Full Form
CD Compact Disc IDE Integrated Drive Electronics
CD-ROM Compact Disc-Read-Only Memory LCD Liquid Crystal Display
CD-RW Compact Disc-Rewritable LED Light Emitting Diode
CPU Central Processing Unit RAM Random Access Memory
DVD Digital Versatile Disc ROM Read-Only Memory
DVD-ROM Digital Video Disc-Random Access Memory HDD Hard Disk Drive

DVD-ROM Digital Video Disc-Read Only Memory FDD Floppy Disk Drive

DVD-R Digital Video Disc-Recordable PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect

DVD-RW Digital Video Disc-Rewritable SSD Solid State Disk

DDR Double Data-Rate SMPS Switch Mode Power Supply

DDR RAM Double Data-Rate Random Access Memory USB Universal Serial Bus
132
FDD Floppy Disk Drive VGA Video Graphics Array

HDD Hard Disk Drive VRAM Video Random Access Memory

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Important full-form Related to Computer

2. Networking 3. Inside Computer SIRJEE CLASSES
Short Form Full Form
Short Form Full Form
FTP File Transfer Protocol
API Application Programming Interfaces
GPRS General Packet Radio System
GSM Global System For Mobile Communications BIOS Basic Input/Output System

IMAP Internet Message Access Protocol DNS Domain Name Service Or Domain Name Server

LAN Local Area Network DPI Dots Per Inch

IP Internet Protocol FAT File Allocation Table
IPCONFIG Internet Protocol Configuration FPS Frame Per Second
MAC Media Access Control GB Gigabyte
MAN Metropolitan Area Network GUI Graphical User Interface
POP Post Office Protocol I/O Input & Output
POP3 Post Office Protocol 3 MP3 Moving Picture Experts Group Layer 3 Audio
PPP Point-To-Point Protocol
MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group
PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
MSCONFIG Microsoft Configuration
NetBIOS Networked Basic Input Output System
NTFS New Technology File System
SMTP Simple Mail Transport Protocol
OMR Optical Mark Recognition
VPN Virtual Private Network
PC Personal Computer
WAN Wide Area Network
WAP Wireless Application Protocol OS Operating System 133
WIFI Wireless Fidelity VDU Visible Display Unit
WLAN Wireless Local Area Network ZIP Zigzag Inline Package

Important full-form Related to Computer

4. Internet Related 5. Softwares SIRJEE CLASSES

Short Form Full Form Short Form Full Form

HTML Hypertext Markup Language Ps Photoshop
Ic InCopy
HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Mu Adobe Muse
HTTPS Hypertext Transfer Protocol
In Edge Inspect
Over Secure Sockets Layer
Fb Flash Builder
JS JavaScript
Id InDesign
UI User Interface Pl Prelude

UX User Experience CC Creative Cloud

Fl Flash Professional
ASP Active Server Pages
Wf Edge Web Fonts
SQL Structured Query Language X Excel

NET Internet O Outlook

P PowerPoint
WP WordPress 134
N OneNote
WWW World Wide Web
A Access

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Important full-form Related to Computer

6. Top Brands Full Forms SIRJEE CLASSES

Short Form Full Form 7. Other Technologies

GOOGLE Google is not an abbreviation.
Short Form Full-Form
YAHOO Yet Another Hierarchical Officious
Oracle ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
INTEL Integrated Electronics IT Information Technology
LG Life’s Good IEEE Institute Of Electrical And
Electronics Engineers
IBM International Business Machines
Corporation ISO International Standards
HP Hewlett-Packard Organization

IBM International Business Machines POST Power ON Self Test

CNN Cable News Network
IBN Indian Broadcasting Network
TED Technology, Entertainment and
Design

IMDb The Internet Movie Database 135

ISD International Subscriber Dialing

Important full-form Related to Computer

8. File Extensions Full Forms SIRJEE CLASSES

Short Form Full Form Short Form Full Form

.txt Text/Plain .cdr Corel Draw Document
.docx Document (without Macros)
.asf Advanced Systems Format
.ppt PowerPoint Presentation
.rar It is an archive file format that
.csv Comma Separated Values supports data compression
.pdf Portable Document Format
.mp3 MPEG Audio Layer 3
.gif Graphics Interchange Format
.aiff Audio Interchange File Format
.xd Adobe XD Document
.bmp Windows Bitmap
.mpeg Moving Picture Experts Group
.wav Waveform PCM Audio
.wmv Windows Media Video
.wma Windows Media Audio
.flv Flash Video
.avi Audio Video Interleave .bwf Broadcast Wave Format

.mp4 MPEG Layer 4 .js Javascript (Document)

.psd Photoshop Document .sub Subtitle File 136

.ai Illustrator Document .bat Microsoft’s Batch Processing

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RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS COMPUTER QUESTIONS

SIRJEE CLASSES

Ans-b

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SIRJEE CLASSES

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