Shree Chanakya Education Society’s

Indira Institute of Management, Pune

Master of Business Administration, Semester – II

Batch: 2020-2022

Course Name & Code: Industry 4.0 (SE5C205OS)

CCA

Development in Containerization

Group No Roll No Name of the Student

OSCM-01 Aasika Soni
OSCM-03 Aditya Upate
OSCM 2.1
OSCM-07 Ameya Mahajan
OSCM-09 Anuja Mate
OSCM-10 Apoorv Dagade

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Contents
1 INTRODUCTION TO CONTAINERIZATION ............................................................................ 3
QUALITY MONITORING ................................................................................................................ 4
2) DATA IN CONTAINERIZATION ............................................................................................... 5
3) iTERMINALS 4.0 ............................................................................................................................. 7
4) RFID, COLLAPSIBLE CONTAINERS & MODULAR CONTAINERS ................................... 8
5) REEFER CONTAINER AND TECHNOLOGIES ..................................................................... 10
REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................... 12

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 Development in Containerization

1 INTRODUCTION TO CONTAINERIZATION

• Containerization is a system of intermodal freight transport using intermodal

containers (also called shipping containers and ISO containers).
• Containers are built to standardized dimensions, and can be loaded and unloaded,
stacked, transported efficiently over long distances.
• They can be transferred from one mode of transport to another—container ships, rail
and semi-trailer trucks—without being opened.
• The handling system is completely mechanized so that all handling is done with
cranes and special forklift trucks.

Figure 1 Source https://www.jrebel.com/blog/what-is-containerization

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QUALITY MONITORING

Monitor Cargo Quality

The sensors are constantly collecting and monitoring data. They check things such as the
temperature, humidity, door status, and even location.

This makes it possible for you to check on the container and the cargo inside. Something that
is especially useful for containers carrying perishable cargo like fruits, food products, etc.

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2) DATA IN CONTAINERIZATION

A smart container has to do is fit internet-connected devices and interconnected sensors.

Sensors and devices act like traditional data loggers. But you can view all the information
(near real-time) anywhere across the globe. At any time.

It is help track important data like:

• container geolocation,
• temperature fluctuations,
• geofencing and predictive ETA,
• shock detection,
• door open/close status,
• late in/out site,
• any unusual activity, etc.

It has Some of the advantages like: -

Automatic Data Capture collects real-time information on containers. And use it to keep
watch on the container and the cargo. Smart containers automate how data is collected and
handled. They, in other words, eliminate the cumbersome process of traditional data
handling, thus reducing error too.

Easy Accessibility with (near) Real-time Data

As the container is connected to the internet, you can access your container’s location from
anywhere at any time. You keep a check on Estimated time of arrival (ETA) and transit areas.

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Secure and Transparent Data

The data is collected electronically and is encrypted from end-to-end. That means it can’t be
tampered with and is fraud resistant. It also enables secure and transparent document sharing
among supply chain stockholders.

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3) iTERMINALS 4.0

It will implement 4th Industrial Revolution concepts to the Port Container Terminal Industry.
The adoption of concepts like Internet of Things, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence, Cloud
Computing, Robotics and Automation is transforming the industry and society and they have
been adopted in strategic sectors such as automotive, heavy industries, energy, health, etc.
However, the port industry is not taking advantage of the benefits and impacts derived from
the digital transformation due to the low degree of implementation of such technologies and
digital solutions.

Figure 2 Source: https://www.fundacion.valenciaport.com/en/project/iterminals-4-0-

application-of-industry-4-0-technologies-towards-digital-port-container-terminals-2/

Port of Antwerp, Dunkirk, Montoir, Rouen, Malta, Sines, Thessaloniki and Genoa are
among eight ports in Europe to be digitized. New IoT solutions and operational pilots will be
developed and performed at eight strategic container terminals.

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4) RFID, COLLAPSIBLE CONTAINERS & MODULAR
CONTAINERS

RFID will provide more transparency, to the system and pilferage of containers or its items
will be zero.

Connected Containers

Connected containers will provide real-time visibility of global cargo flows, enabling
customers, facility operators, and carriers to obtain critical information of the supply-chain
and the goods they hold inside. Utilizing sensors and next-generation wireless networks,
connected shipping containers and ULDs can act as point measurements of when, where, and
possibly why disruptions or delays have occurred, all the while empowering handlers with
opportunities to proactively intervene and minimize impacts along supply chains.

Furthermore, outputs from IoT-connected containers can be integrated with operational data
from the operating systems of container terminals, which when combined with artificial
intelligence (AI), transforms ordinary terminals into smart yards or smart ports. Optimized
vessel and vehicle traffic and efficiently orchestrated container movements will substantially
increase terminal productivity without the need to expand real estate.

Collapsible Containers

Collapsible containers will help reduce transportation runs and inventory costs within a
supply chain. While useful in transporting goods and packages in a standardized format,
shipping containers and ULDs are voluminous, and when imbalances in shipment patterns
cause growing stockpiles of empty containers in one location and a dearth of them in another,
additional amounts of space and cost must be expended just for simply storing and
resupplying empty containers in a supply chain.

Collapsibility or foldability compacts a container to about one-fourth its original size, making
both the inventory and transportation processes more economically feasible. Although
vehicles are still needed to move the containers, having a truck or cargo ship transport four
times as many containers than it had previously will lower the transportation runs needed and
their associated emissions.

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New modular and small-format containers

New modular and small-format containers will enhance direct goods loading and increase
flexibility within a supply chain, especially in urban environments. Today, products and
packages are continuously loaded in inefficiently sized containers, unloaded, re-consolidated
into smaller groupings, and then loaded again in similarly inefficiently sized containers.

In the future, paired with wireless sensor technology and collapsibility, combinations of
appropriately sized, but standardized, modular “pi-containers” would constitute or even
replace shipping containers and eliminate the need for re-consolidation. These smaller
building-block containers would benefit urban last-mile delivery the most, enabling the
transfer and separation of goods for vans or cargo bikes in places where larger vehicles are
unable to travel, all the while maintaining security of the cargo.

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5) REEFER CONTAINER AND TECHNOLOGIES

CMA CGM S.A. is a French container transportation and shipping company. Designed for
the transport of perishable goods in a controlled temperature environment, these containers
come in different sizes and are equipped with the latest technologies.

Figure 3 Source: https://www.cma-cgm.com/products-services/reefer/containers-fleet

Temperature Control

• Frozen mode: temperature control is accurately achieved through the return air.
• Chilled mode: temperature control is accurately achieved through the supply air flow.

Modifying the nature of the air inside the container (specifically CO2 and O2 levels)
significantly slows down the ripening process of fresh produce and lengthens the storage
period.

Various products require a reduced level of humidity inside the container. CMA CGM Reefer
containers are equipped with a system capable of controlling the humidity within the range of
85% to 60%.

CMA CGM staff regularly monitors the Reefer containers using an electronic microprocessor
and data-loggers, which record all parameters even when the Reefer is unplugged.

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The data-logger gives us information on:

• Supply air temperature,

• Return air temperature,
• Ambient temperature,
• Cargo temperature (optional),
• Humidity level.

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REFERENCES

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Containerization
• https://www.dhl.com/global-en/home/insights-and-innovation/thought-
leadership/trend-reports/smart-containerization.html
• https://www.cma-cgm.com/products-services/reefer/containers-fleet
• https://container-xchange.com/blog/smart-containers/
• https://www.fundacion.valenciaport.com/en/project/iterminals-4-0-application-of-
industry-4-0-technologies-towards-digital-port-container-terminals-2/
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UJU1pCAAxtA

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