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Research II
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Research Ethics and Protocols
Research II – Grade 10 STE
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 2: Research Ethics and Protocols
First Edition, 2020

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Research II
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Research Ethics and Protocols
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Research II – Grade 10 STE Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module
on Research Ethics and Principles!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

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As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Research II – Grade 10 STE Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module
on Research Ethics and Protocols!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100% ), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

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 What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

In this module, the students will be able to identify and understand some ethical
principles (libguides. library,2020): to help researchers steer clear of ethical
quandaries (Smith 2003).

At the end of this chapter, you should be able to:

1. define ethics

What I Know
Pre-assessment

Answer the table by checking the statement which corresponds to research ethics.

Research Ethics Yes No

1. The researcher should consider orientation to the
participants who will have access to their data and in
what form (anonymous/confidential/ aggregated)?
2. The researcher should uncover issues unrelated to
the research? (e.g. illegal activity, illness or disease,
etc.)
3. Researcher needs to address the implications of the
research conducted to the participants who are
potentially vulnerable.
4. Is there a procedure in place for risks to the
researcher?
5. Research Ethics is the application of moral rules

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 Lesson

2 Ethics and its definition

Resnik DB (2011) define Ethics as set of moral principles and values a civilized society follows.
According to him those dos and don’ts make the human interactions and overall social life pleasant,
smooth and livable. Likewise, Albert Camus (French philosopher and Nobel Laureate) said that: “A man
without ethics is a wild beast loosed upon this world”, because according to him, Scientific pursuit is built
on trust. (Camus,2009).
As stated by Zukaukas, Vveinhardt & Andriukaitiene,(2018), Research Ethics is not just
requirements written in a digest or code of ethics, but also the researcher’s philosophical and value
position as well as the discussion continuing for many decades and learning from painful mistakes.
In this lesson you will differentiate and relate Ethics and Research Ethics and why they are useful
in conducting a research.

What’s In
Review

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Dealing with Research is quite uneasy. It is not just simply investigating something or
writing your observations. It needs standards and measures, there is where Ethics will
come in. But what is Ethics and how can it be applied to a research? Let’s find out

Notes to the Teacher

This module is prepared to give the students an information
about ethics and research ethics. This module is hopeful to
provide guidance to the young researchers.

What’sNew
Let’s Play the Diagram
P A B C V P D E
R E S E A R C H
I T T F L A G H
N H A I U C J K
C I N L E T M N
I C D O S I P Q
P S A R S C T U
L V R U L E S W
E X D Y Z S A B
S C D E F G H I

To start with the lesson, do the following activity:

Choose 5 questions and find its answer on the puzzle given above. These words are
related to the topic.

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1. It is the fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system
of belief or behavior or for a chain of reasoning.

2. the branch of knowledge that deals with moral principles.

3 The systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to
establish new facts and reach new conclusions.

4. An idea or thing used as a measure, norm, or model in comparative evaluations.

5. It is the regard that something is important.

6. The actual application or use of an idea, belief or method as opposed to theories

relating to it

7. One of a set of explicit or understood regulations or principles governing conduct

within an activity or sphere.

What is It

Instruction: Read the given paragraph

Resnik DB (2011), define Ethics as set of moral principles and values a civilized
society follows. While Sharma (2015), stated that Research ethics provides guiding
principle in the responsible conduct of research. It also educates and monitors scientists
conduct a high ethical standard research. (libguides. Library,2020). On the word of
Master (2014), the term “Research Ethics” may be used to describe a broad range of
principles and practices regarding the ethical conduct of research.

Also, Research Ethics is the application of moral rules and professional codes of
conduct to the collection, analysis, reporting and publication of information about

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research subjects, active acceptance of subjects’ right to privacy, confidentiality and
informed consent. (Oxford university Press,2020)

Research
Ethics??? Ethics??
??

Researcher

What’s More

Illustrate your thoughts:

The following pictures below define Ethics graphically…. Each one conveys a message
which is related to one another… WHAT DO YOU THINK IT IS?

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_____________________________________________________________________________________
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xsJSFaCQSWEqxkIpJfi4DvoGjSDOCeKr/view?usp=sharing

What I Have Learned

In the above discussion and illustrations, will you answer the following?

1. Define Ethics

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2. What is a Research Ethics?

3. Is there any difference between Ethics and Research Ethics?

4. In the activity Illustrate your thoughts; how will you describe the concept given

by the illustrations, draw your own version of the definition of Ethics.

What I Can Do

Fill in the blanks: Based from the given paragraph in the earlier activity, fill in the blank
with the correct word or words to complete the sentence.

Resnik DB (2011), define 1 as set of moral principles and values a civilized

society follows. While Sharma (2015), stated that 2 provides guiding principle in
the responsible conduct of research. It also educates and monitors scientists conduct a
3- standard research. (libguides. Library,2020). On the word of Master (2014), the term
“Research Ethics” may be used to describe a broad range of 4 regarding the
ethical conduct of research.

Also, Research Ethics is the 5 of moral rules and professional codes of

conduct to the collection, analysis, reporting and publication of information about
research subjects, active acceptance of subjects’ right to privacy, confidentiality and
informed consent. (Oxford university Press,2020)

Assessment

Let us see how far you have learned by answering the questions below:

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Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer

a. Research b. Standards c. Ethics d. Principles e. Research Ethics

_____1. It is a set of moral principles and values a civilized society follows.

_____2. It is used to describe a broad range of principles and practices regarding the
ethical conduct of research.

_____3. The systematic investigation into and study of materials and

sources in order to establish new facts and reach new conclusions.

_____4. It is the fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation

for a system of belief or behavior or for a chain of reasoning.

_____5. An idea or thing used as a measure, norm, or model in comparative

evaluations.

Additional Activities

Using your Google Apps, search for some ethical problems usually faced by a
researcher.

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OR

If you have older siblings who undergone Research Subject, ask them what difficulties
they have encountered with respect to Ethics when doing their study?

Answer Key

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What’s New What I Can Do:
1. Principles Assessment:
2. Ethics
1.Ethicshic
3. Research 1. c 2.Research Ethics
2. e 3.high ethical
4.Standard
4.principles and
5.Values 3. a practices
5. Rules 4. d 5.application
5. b
What I have What I have learned:
learned: What’s More:
1. Ethics is set of moral
3. Ethics is a fight principles and values The pictures show that
between right and a civilized society ethics deals between
wrong follows what is right and what
2. Research is wrong using the
ethics provides heart and mind to
guidelines for the represent the idea.
responsible conduct
of research
References
Deborah Smith, Five principles for research ethics, January 2003, Vol 34, No. 1 Print
version: page 56

E. Smith Z. Master,2014 Ethical Practice of Research Involving Humans in Reference

Module in Biomedical Sciences, htpps://www.sciencedirect.com

Om P. Sharma Ethics in Science 2015 Sep; 55(3): 341–344.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4456506/

On being a scientist. A guide to responsible conduct in research. Third Edition

(2009) graduateschool.nd.edu/assets/21763/on_being_a_scientist.pdf

Pranas Zukaukas, Jolita Vveinhardt &Regina Andriukaitiene, Research Ethics, April

18, 2018 DOI:10.5772/intechopen.70629 Published online 2015 May
10. doi: 10.1007/s12088-015-0532-x

Research Ethics and protocols

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xsJSFaCQSWEqxkIpJfi4DvoGjSDOCeKr/view
?usp=sharing

Research Ethics, Oxford University Press, updated June 7,2020

Research Methods https://libguides.library.cityu.edu.hk/researchmethods May 20,

2020

.Resnik DB (2011) What is ethics in research and why is it

important? http://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/resources/bioethics/whatis/

Steneck NH (2007) Office of research integrity—introduction to responsible conduct of

research. Department of Health and Human Services,
USA. http://ori.hhs.gov/ori-intro

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xsJSFaCQSWEqxkIpJfi4DvoGjSDOCeKr/view?usp=s
haring

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