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Research II
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Methods in Scientific Research
Reports (IMRAD)
Research II – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 4: Methods in Scientific Research Reports (IMRAD)
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Evelyn M. Lacsamana

Editor: Melinda S. Francisco
Reviewer: Loreta S. Manabat
Illustrator: Evelyn M. Lacsamana
Layout Artist: Alyssa Marie T. Villarta
Cover Design: Emmanuel S. Gimena Jr.

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School LRMDS Coordinator
School Principal
District Lead Layout Artist, Research II
District Lead Illustrator, Research II
District Lead Evaluator, Research II
: Romeo M. Alip, PhD, CESO V
: Rolando M. Fronda, EdD, CESE
: Milagros M. Peñaflor, PhD
: Edgar E. Garcia, MITE
: Romeo M. Layug
: Edwin Riel Bermillo
:
: Kenneth G. Doctolero
:
:
: Ara S. Velasco, Ed.D.
: Alyssa Marie T. Villarta
:
: Loreta S. Manabat

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of Bataan

Office Address: Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan
Telefax: (047) 237-2102
E-mail Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph
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Research II
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Methods in Scientific Research
Reports (IMRAD)
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Research II – Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module on Methods in Scientific Research Reports (IMRAD)!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or

facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum

while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also

aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into

consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the

body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this

module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to

manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist

the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Research II – Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module on Methods in Scientific Research Reports (IMRAD)!

The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands, we may learn, create,
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you, as a
learner, are capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be able to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity, or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

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 What’s More This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank sentences

/paragraphs to be filled in to process what
you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

This is a task which aims to evaluate your

Assessment
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

In this portion, another activity will be given

Additional Activities
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

This contains answers to all activities in the

Answer Key
module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.

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4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module is made for the learners to be able to demonstrate understanding

of key concepts regarding the scientific research reports as patterned to IMRAD

format.

At the end of this module, the learners will be able to:

1. State the purpose of the method section in an IMRAD report;

2. Enumerate the elements/pointers necessary in making the method section;

and

3. Write and analyze a sample method section in a scientific report.

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 What I Know

PRE-ASSESSMENT
I. Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. A scientific report is NOT a ____________.

a. concrete proof of research project
b. prospective secondary data
c. research proposal
d. basis for decision making

2. What is the title of the page where the detailed step-by-step process of
research is written?
a. Methods
b. Introduction
c. Abstract
d. Result

3. All are examples of methods used in scientific research report, except:

a. Surveys
b. Experiments
c. Interviews
d. Discussions

4. What is the main purpose of the method section of the scientific research
report?
a. Provide synopsis of the report.
b. Provide a clear presentation of the research within a context.
c. Provide interpretation of the findings
d. Provide details on how research was done.

5. Which of the following is not included in the method section?

a. Material used in the study
b. Research protocol
c. Findings of the research
d. Measurements made

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II. Direction: Analyze the sentences comprehensively. Write TRUE if the
statement is correct and FALSE if it is not.
___________1. Primary sources are best in doing scientific investigations.

___________2. Replication of research is unavoidable.

___________3. Method section of scientific research report is written using the

past participle form of verb.

___________4. The three moves identified by Cotos, et al. is a must in every

scientific report.

__________5. Naming the methodological approach is included in the first move

of method section.

___________6. Method section must provide brief and precise information on how
the study was conducted.

___________7. Method section also describes the tools used in the study.

___________8. The method section should openly present the data analysis in
order to convince the readers that the result can be trusted.

___________9. You can identify the dependent and independent variables in the
method section of IMRAD.

___________10. The purpose of the method section is to explain the significance

of your findings.

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 Lesson
Method Sections in Scientific
4 Research Reports (IMRAD)

Method Section is the second part of the IMRAD format necessary in delivering
a substantial and easy to comprehend research report. This part addresses how the
research was conducted. This contains details such as the population of the
research, the sample, techniques, and the tools used. The main objective of the
method section in IMRAD is to provide a thorough explanation on how research was
conducted.

The succeeding parts of this module will help you to better recognize the
importance of the method section in scientific research report.

What’s In

Complete the crossword puzzle below.

Across

3. characteristic that must be

exercised by a good researcher
4. one of the characteristics of a
good researcher
5. element helpful in accomplishing
a science investigation
8. one way of presenting an
introduction
9. presents the research topic in a
brief and easy to comprehend
manner

Down
1. expressing details of research
without involving personal feelings
2. one of the goals of research report
is to provide _______.
3. one important part of
introduction.
6. format used in scientific research
7. other term for researcher

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 What’s New

After knowing how research report shall be presented in a way that will
motivate readers, it is now time to move on the next stage of IMRAD format.

Let us first answer the following.

Jumbled Letters: Study the jumbled letters and try to rearrange the letters in
order to form a word.

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 Let us now decode the message hidden below.

Cryptogram.

The previous activity provides the impressions on the different methods

applied in scientific research report. Specific method/s could be more appropriate in
a particular topic in research to achieve its goal.

The method to be used in your research report depends on your objectives.

For example, you are working on a qualitative research, this type of research would
be better if survey method is used than interviews. This is because surveys are
usually intended to give short but precise answers than extensive answers in
interviews.

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 What is It

The main purpose of the method section in a scientific research report is to

provide a detailed description of how the research was conducted in order to make it
replicable and transparent. In this way, other science investigators will be able to
understand the process, compare and contrast findings from other research, use
relevant information, and if necessary, replicate the research.

Method section of IMRAD usually presents the nature of data as to how they
are gathered and analyzed to rationalize the choice that has been made.

In terms of technicality in writing the method section, verbs used are usually
in the past tense because the collection of data and analysis are already completed
when the researcher begins working on the report. Moreover, passive voice is often
suited in this section to give emphasis on the process itself and not on the researcher.

Cotos, Huffman and Link (2017), studied the IMRAD through 30 disciplines
and were able to identify three moves that frequently appear in the method section
of research report. However, these three moves appear in every research report. In
addition, these moves are not designed in a sequential manner; researchers can shift
from move 1 to move 2 in a cyclic way.

Example of moves as identified by Cotos, Huffman and Link (2017)

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 What’s More

Read and analyze the written sample of method section for scientific research in
biology below.

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Write your analysis on the box.

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 What I Have Learned

1. Using the sample from the previous activity, write a method section
applying the three moves of Cotos, Huffman and Link.

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 What I Can Do

1. Read the method section of some scientific research report. Analyze the
section by identifying the moves and sub-moves present in the reports and highlight
the contextual clues in identifying these moves.

Write the title of the research report and your analysis below.

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 2. Read the method section of some scientific research report about the COVID 19
Pandemic. Analyze the section by identifying the moves and sub-moves present in
the reports and highlight the contextual clues in identifying these moves.

Write the title of the research report and your analysis below.

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 Assessment

I. Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What is the main purpose of the method section of the scientific research
report?
a. Provide synopsis of the report.
b. Provide a clear presentation of the research within a context.
c. Provide interpretation of the findings.
d. Provide details on how research was done.

2. Which of the following is not included in the method section?

a. Material used in the study
b. Research protocol
c. Findings of the research
d. Measurements made

3. A scientific report is NOT a ____________.

a. concrete proof of research project
b. prospective secondary data
c. research proposal
d. basis for decision making

4. All are examples of methods used in scientific research report, except:

a. Surveys
b. Experiments
c. Interviews
d. Discussions

5. What is the title of the page where the detailed step-by-step process of
research is written?
a. Methods
b. Introduction
c. Abstract
d. Result

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II. Direction: Analyze the sentences comprehensively. Write TRUE if the
statement is correct and FALSE if it is not.

___________1. Naming the methodological approach is included in the first move

of method section.

___________2. Method section also describes the tools used in the study.

___________3. The purpose of the method section is to explain the significance of

your findings.

___________4. The method section should openly present the data analysis in
order to convince the readers that the result can be trusted.

___________5. Replication of research is unavoidable.

___________6. You can identify the dependent and independent variables in the
method section of IMRAD.

___________7. The three moves identified by Cotos, et al. is a must in every

scientific report.

__________8. Method section of scientific research report is written using the

past participle form of verb.

___________9. Primary sources are best in doing scientific investigations.

___________10. Method section must provide brief and precise information on

how the study was conducted.

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 Additional Activity

1. Write a sample method section about the filtration capacity of the variety of
mask in the market now that we are experiencing pandemic.

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2. Write a sample method section about the rapid swab test being conducted to
help minimize the spread of COVID 19.

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Assessment
1. D 1. True 6. True
2. C 2. True 7. False
3. C 3. False 8. False
4. D 4. True 9. True
5. A 5. True 10. False
Additional Activity What’s I Have Learned What’s I can Do What’s More
Answers may vary Answers may vary Answers may vary Answers may
vary
What’s New What’s In Pre-Assessment:
I. 1. C
1. Observation 2. A
3. D
2. Surveys 4. D
5. C
3. Interviews II. 1. True
2. True
4. Experiments
3. False
5. Data Analysis 4. False
5. True
Cryptogram: 6. False
7. True
Methods In 8. True
Scientific 9. True
Research Report 10. False
Answer Key
References
Discovery Education. Puzzlemaker. Cryptogram. Retrieved 15July2020, from
http://puzzlemaker.discoveryeducation.com/code/BuildCryptogram.asp

IMRAD: What goes in every Section, Retrieved 08July 2020 from

http://www.jpgmonline.com/documents/author/24/2_Aggarwal_10.pdf

M, Writing Center. Writing Scientific Research Report (IMRAD). Retrieved

11July2020, from https://writingcenter.gmu.edu/guides/writing-an-imrad-
report

The VCG. How to Organize a Paper: The IMRAD Format. Retrieved 09July2020,
from https://thevisualcommunicationguy.com/writing/how-to-organize-a-
paper/how-to-organize-a-paper-the-imrad-format/

Virginia Tech. University Libraries. Research Methods Guide: Research Design and
Method. Retrieved15July2020, from
https://guides.lib.vt.edu/researchmethods/design-method

Writing Across the Curriculum. Sample Pare in Scientific Format. Retrieved

14July2020, from https://dept.writing.wisc.edu/wac/sample-paper-in-
scientific-format/

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III,

Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph

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