Logical Venn Diagram

10
Logical Venn Diagram

Introduction :
The main aim of this section is to test your ability about the relation between some items of a group by diagrams. In
these questions some figures of circles and some words are given. You have to choose a figure which represents the
given words.
Some critical examples are given below:

TYPE 1:
If all the words are of different groups, then they will be shown by the diagram as given below. Dog, Cow, Horse

All these three are animals but of different groups, there is no relation between them. Hence they will be represented
by three different circles.

TYPE 2:
If the first word is related to second word and second word is related to third word. Then they will be shown by
diagram as given below.
Unit, Tens, Hundreds

Ten units together make one Tens or in one tens, whole unit is available and ten tens together make one hundreds.

TYPE 3:
If two different items are completly related to third item, they will be shown as below.
Pen, Pencil, Stationery

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 Logical Venn Diagram

TYPE 4:
If there is some relation between two items and these two items are completely related to a third item they will be
shown as given below.
Women, Sisters, Mothers

Some sisters may be mothers and vice-versa. Similarly some mothers may not be sisters and vice-versa. But all the
sisters and all the mothers belong to women group.

TYPE 5:
Two items are related to a third item to some extent but not completely and first two items totally different.
Students, Boys, Girls

The boys and girls are different items while some boys may be students. Similarly among girls some may be
students.

TYPE 6:
All the three items are related to one another but to some extent not completely. Boys, Students, Athletes

Some boys may be students and vice-versa. Similarly some boys may be athletes and vice-versa. Some students may
be athletes and vice-versa.

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TYPE 7:
Two items are related to each other completely and third item is entirely different from first two.
Lions, Carnivorous, Cows

All the lions are carnivorous but no cow is lion or carnivorous.

TYPE 8:
First item is completely related to second and third item is partially related to first and second item.
Dogs, Animals, Flesh-eaters

All the dogs are belonging to animals but some dogs are flesh eater but not all.
TYPE 9:
First item is partially related to second but third is entirely different from the first two.
Dogs, Flesh-eaters, Cows

Some dogs are flesh-eaters but not all while any dog or any flesh-eater cannot be cow.

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 Logical Venn Diagram

1. An object is called a subset of another object, if former is a part of latter and such relation is shown by two concentric
circles.
(i) Pencil, Stationary (ii) Brinjal, Vegetable (iii) Chair, Furniture

It is very clear from the above relationship that one object is a part of other, and hence all such relationships can
be represented by figure below –

2. An object is said to have an intersection with another object, when two objects share some thing in common.
(i) Surgeon, Males (ii) Politicians, Indian (iii) Educated, Unemployed

All the three relationships given above have something in common as some surgeons can be male and some female,
some politicians may be Indian and some may belong to other countries, educated may be employed and unemployed
as well. And all the three relationships can be represented by figure above

3. Two objects are said to be disjoint when neither one is subset of another nor they share anything in common. In other
words, totally unrelated objects fall under this types of relationship.
(i) Furniture, Car (ii) Copy, Cloth (iii) Tool, Shirt

Furniture Car
Copy Cloth
Tool Shirt
It is clear from the above relationship that both the objects are unrelated to each other, and hence can be represented
diagramatically as shown in fig. 3
From the above discussion we observe that representation of relationship of two objects is not typical if students
follow the above points. But representation of three objects diagramatically pose slight problem before the students.
A variety of such relationship is being discussed in the following examples.

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Logical Venn Diagram

SOME MORE EXAMPLES

Directions : (1 to 4) Each of these questions given below contains three group of things. You are to choose from the
following four numbered diagrams, a diagram that depicts the correct relationship among the three groups of things
in each question.

(A)
(A) (B) (C) (D)
1. India, Pakistan, Asia
Sol. India and Pakistan, are the subsets of Asia. Hence, option (A) represents this relationship.
2. Book, Pen, Pencil.
Sol. Book, Pen, Pencil are neither subset of one another nor have anything in common, Therefore, our answer is
(C).
3. Batsman, Cricket, Stick
Sol. Batsman is a subset of Cricket and, Stick is something unrelated to Cricket, therefore, our answer is (D).
4. Moon, Earth, Universe
Sol. Moon and Earth, are the parts of universe and therefore are subsets of universe and hence this relationship
is represented by diagram (a).
5. Which of the following diagrams correctly represents the relationship among Smokers, Bidi smokers, Cancer patients.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

(A) (B) (C) (D)
Sol. In the Bidi smokers is a subset of Smokers and Cancer patient may be a smoker, bidi smoker and non-
smoker. Hence, third object shares a common relationship with first and second object as well.
6. Which of the following diagrams correctly represents the relationship among Tennis fans, Cricket players and
Students.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Sol. From the relationship given in the question, we observe that each of the objects carries something in common
to one another. A tennis fan can be a Cricket player as well as student. Hence diagram (A) represents this
relationship.

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 Logical Venn Diagram

Directions : (7 to 12) In the following diagram, three classes of population are represented by three figures. the triangle
represents the school teachers, the square represents the married person and the circle represents the persons living
in joint families

E
B C
D A

7. Persons who live in joint families, are unmarried and who do not work as school teachers are represented by -
(A) C (B) B (C) E (D) D

8. Married persons living in joint families but not working as school teachers are represented by -
(A) C (B) F (C) D (D) A

9. School teachers who are neither married nor do live in joint families are represented by -
(A) F (B) C (C) B (D) A

10. School teachers who are married but do not live in joint families are represented by -
(A) C (B) F (C) A (D) D

11. Married teachers living in joint families are represented by -

(A) C (B) B (C) D (D) A

Sol. (7 to 11)
7.(C) Persons living in joint families are represented by the circle. According to the given conditions, the person
should be unmarried and not working as school teachers. So, the region should not be a part of either the
square of the triangle. Thus, the given conditions are satisfied by the region E.
8.(C) married persons living in joint families are represented by the region common to the square and the circle
i.e., D and B. But, according to the given conditions, the persons should not be school teachers. So, B is
to be excluded. Hence, the required condition is denoted by region D.
9.(A) School teachers are represented by the triangle. But according to the given conditions, persons are neither
married nor do they live in joint families. So, the region should not be a part of either the square or the circle.
Such a region is F.
10.(A) As in the above question, married teachers are represented by B and C. But, here, the given conditions lay
down that the persons should not be living in joint families. So, the required region should lie outside the
circle. Since C lies outside the circle, so the given conditions are satisfied by the persons denoted by the
region C.
11.(B) Married teachers are represented by the region common to the square and the triangle i.e., B and C. But,
according to the given conditions, the persons should be living in joint families. So, the required region
should be a part of the circle. Since B lies inside the circle, so the given conditions are satisfied by the persons
denoted by the region B.

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Logical Venn Diagram

PRACTICE EXERCISE - 1

SECTION - A
Directions (1 - 41): Each of these questions given below contains three elements. These elements may or may not
have some inter linkage. Each group of elements may fit into one of these diagrams at (A), (B), (C) and (D). You have
to indicate the group of elements which correctly fits into the diagrams.
1. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Travelers, Train and Bus ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

2. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Profit, Dividend and Bonus ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

3. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Women, Mothers and Engineers ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

4.  Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Factory, Product and Machinery ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

5. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Author, Lawyer and Singer ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

6. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Judge, Thieves and Criminals ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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7. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between India, Haryana and World ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

8. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Pigeon, Bird and Dog ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

9. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Earth, Sea and Sun ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

10. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Hockey, Football and Cricket ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

11.  Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Iron, Lead and Nitrogen ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

12. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Examination, Questions and Practice?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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13. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Bulb, Lamp and Light ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

14.  Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Lion, Dog and Snake ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

15. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Moon, Sun and Earth ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

16. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Hospital, Nurse and Patient ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

17. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Mercury, Zinc and Metal ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

18. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Teacher, Writer and Musician ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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19. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Boys, Girls and Students ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

20. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Tall man, Black haired people and Indians ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

21. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Furniture, Chairs and Tables ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

22. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Elephant, Carnivorous and Tiger ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

23.  Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Vegetables, Tomato and Fruits ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

24. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Class, Blackboard and School ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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25. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Rabi-Crop, Paddy and Wheat ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

26.  Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Ass, Pet and Horse ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

27. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Page, Chapter and Book ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

28. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Parents, Mother and Father ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

29. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Men, Rodents and Living beings ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

30. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Elephants, Wolves and Animals ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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31. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between dogs, pet animals and animals ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

32. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Teacher, Parents and Guardians ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

33. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Sailor, Ship and Ocean ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

34. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Gold, Metal and Zinc ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

35. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Professors, Doctors and Men ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

36. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Teacher, Men and Women ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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37. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Oil, Wick and Lamp ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

38.  Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Football, Player and Field ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

39. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Sweets, Rasagulla and Apple ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

40. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Mammal, Cow and Bat ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

41. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Paper, Stationery and Ink ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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SECTION - B
1. In the following diagram the boys who are athletic and are disciplined are indicated by which number?

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 10 (D) 6

2. In an organization of pollution control board, engineers are represented by a

circle, legal experts by a square and environmentalist by a triangle. Who is
most represented in the board as shown in the following figure ?
(A) Environmentalists (B) Legal Experts
(C) Engineers with legal background (D) Environmentalists with Engineering background

3. In the following figure triangle represents ‘girls’, square players and circle-coach. Which part of the diagram
represents the girls who are player but not coach?

(A) P (B) Q (C) R (D) S

4. The diagram given below represents those students who play Cricket, Football and Kabaddi.

Study the diagram and identify the students who play all the three games.
(A) P+Q+R (B) V+T (C) S+T+V (D) S

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Logical Venn Diagram

5. In the figure given below, square represents doctors, triangle represents ladies and circle represents surgeon. By
which letter the ladies who doctor and surgeon both are represented ?

(A) U (B) T (C) S (D) P

6. Study the diagram and identify the people who can speak only one language.

(A) L+M+O (B) K+J+I (C) K (D) I

7. In the given figure if Triangle represents healthy people, Square represents
old persons and Circle represents men then What is the number of those
men who are healthy but not old ?
(A) 3 (B) 4
(C) 6 (D) 2
Directions to Solve: In the following figure small square represents the persons who know English, triangle to those
who know Marathi, big square to those who know Telugu and circle to those who know Hindi. In the different
regions of the figures from 1 to 12 are given.

8. How many persons can speak English and Hindi both the languages only ?
(A) 5 (B) 8 (C) 7 (D) 18

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 Logical Venn Diagram

9. How many persons can speak Marathi and Telugu both ?

(A) 10 (B) 11 (C) 13 (D) None of these
10. How many persons can speak only English ?
(A) 9 (B) 12 (C) 7 (D) 19
11. How many persons can speak English, Hindi and Telugu ?
(A) 8 (B) 2 (C) 7 (D) None of these
12. How many persons can speak all the languages ?
(A) 1 (B) 8 (C) 2 (D) None
Directions to Solve: Study the diagram given below and answer each of the following questions.

13.  How many persons who take tea and wine but not coffee ?
(A) 20 (B) 17 (C) 25 (D) 15
14. How many persons are there who take both tea and coffee but not wine ?
(A) 22 (B) 17 (C) 7 (D) 20
15. How many persons take wine ?
(A) 100 (B) 82 (C) 92 (D) 122
16.  How many persons are there who takes only coffee ?
(A) 90 (B) 45 (C) 25 (D) 20
17. How many persons takes all the three ?
(A) 20 (B) 17 (C) 25 (D) 15
Directions to Solve: Study the following figure and answer the questions given below.

18. How many doctors are neither artists nor players ?

(A) 17 (B) 5 (C) 10 (D) 30

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Logical Venn Diagram

19. How many doctors are both players and artists ?

(A) 22 (B) 8 (C) 3 (D) 30
20. How many artists are players ?
(A) 5 (B) 8 (C) 25 (D) 16
21. How many players are neither artists nor doctors ?
(A) 25 (B) 17 (C) 5 (D) 10
22. How many artists are neither players nor doctors ?
(A) 10 (B) 17 (C) 30 (D) 15
Directions to Solve: In the following diagram rectangle represents men, Triangle represents educated, Circle represents urban
and square represents government employees.

23.  Which one of the following represents the educated men but not urban ?
(A) 9 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 11
24. Which one of the following represents a woman who is urban as well as governmentemployee ?
(A) 7 (B) 13 (C) 10 (D) 6
Directions to Solve: Study the following figure and answer the questions given below.

25.  If hospital management requires only married trained nurses for operation theater, which part of diagram should be
chosen by him ?
(A) 7 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6
26. By which number, married but untrained nurses in the hospital are represented?
(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) 5
27. By which numbers trained nurses are represented ?
(A) 3, 6 (B) 7, 5 (C) 5, 6 (D) 1, 5
28. What is represented by the number 7 ?
(A) Married nurses in the hospital (B) Trained nurses
(C) Unmarried trained nurses (D) Married trained nurses

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29. By which number, the trained unmarried nurses in the hospital are represented ?
(A) 6 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) 4
Directions to Solve: Study the following figure and answer the questions given below.

30.  How many educated people are employed ?

(A) 9 (B) 18 (C) 20 (D) 15
31. How many backward people are educated ?
(A) 9 (B) 28 (C) 14 (D) 6

32. How many backward uneducated people are employed ?

(A) 14 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) 11

33. How many backward people are not educated ?

(A) 3 (B) 14 (C) 22 (D) 25
Directions to Solve: Study the following figure and answer the questions given below.

34. By which letter, the married teachers who live in joint family are represented ?
(A) R (B) Q (C) S (D) P
35. By which letter, the married people who live in joint family but not are school teachers are represented ?
(A) R (B) U (C) S (D) P
36. By which letter, the people who live in joint family but are neither married nor teachers are represented ?
(A) T (B) R (C) Q (D) S

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Logical Venn Diagram

PRACTICE EXERCISE - 2

Directions (1) : Out of the four alternatives in the following question, three alternatives are such that the three words in each
are related among themselves in one of the five ways represented by (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) below, And one of the alternative
represents a relationship which is not represented by any of the figures given below. The relationship that complies this
condition is your answer.

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

1. (A) Animal, mammal, Cow (B) Colour, Cloth, Merchant

(C) Colour, Red, Blue (D) Male, Horse, Mare
Directions (2 to 3) :Each question below has three items having certain relationship among them. The same relationship is
expressed by sets of circles, each circle representing one item irrespective of its size. Match the items with right set of circles.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

2. Women, Married person, Wives who work.
(A) A (B) C (C) D (D) B
3 Computer skilled, Graduates, Employed.
(A) C (B) D (C) B (D) A
Direction (4 to 6) :Each question below contains three groups of things. You are to choose from the following Four numbered
diagrams, the diagram that depicts the correct relationship among the three groups of things in each question.

(A) (C) (D)

(B)
4. Vegetable, Apple, Spinach
5. Clever, Punctual, Poor
6. Copper, Cobalt, Silver
Directions (7 to 9) : In each of the following questions, select the diagram out of the four that best represents the
relationship among the items given in the questions.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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 Logical Venn Diagram

7. Doctor, Lawyer, Male

8. Man, Husband, Son
9. Female, Medicine, physician
Directions (10 to 14) : Study the figure below and following questions.

10. Find out the number of families which have all the four things mentioned in the diagram.
(A) 40 (B) 30 (C) 35 (D) 20
11. Find out the number of families which have scooters.
(A) 145 (B) 100 (C) 173 (D) 240
12. Find out the number of families which have T.V. and scooter both but have neither computer nor car.
(A) 15 (B) 30 (C) 4 (D) 50
13. Find out the number of families which have computer and T.V. both
(A) 84 (B) 24 (C) 104 (D) 100
14. Find out the number of families which have only one thing, that is, either computer or T.V. or Scooter or car
(A) 160 (B) 184 (C) 225 (D) 254
Directions (15 to 19) : Out of the four alternatives in each of the following questions, three alternatives are such that
the three words in each are related among themselves in one of the five ways represented by (A), (B), (C), (D) and
(E) below, And one of the alternatives represents a relationship which is not represented by any of the figures given
below. The relationship that complies this condition is your answer.

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

15. (A) Army, General, Colonel (B) Boy, Student, Player

(C) Painter, Scholar, Table (D) Man, Typist, Peon
16. (A) Director, Engineer, Musician (B) Apple, Orange, Mango
(C) Fruit, Mango, Grass (D) Oxygen, Air, Water
17. (A) Hen, Dog, Cat (B) Body, Ear, Mount
(C) Bed, Ward, Nurse (D) Tiger, Animal, Carnivorous
18. (A) Atmosphere, Air, Oxygen (B) Boy, Girl, Student
(C) Man, Worker, Garden (D) Animal, Dog, Cat

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19. (A) Mineral, iron, Copper (B) Dean, Painter, Singer

(C) Seed, Leaf, Root (D) Piston, Engine, Wheel
20. Which numbered space in the figure. represents doctors who are players as well as artists ?
Players
2 Doctors
4 5

1 6 7 3

Artists
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 6 (D) 7
Directions (21 to 24) : Study the following figure carefully and answer the questions :
The triangle represents doctors. The circcle represents players and the rectangle represents artists.
P
4 17
25 D
22 3 8
30
A
21. How many doctors are both players and artists ?
(A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 4 (D) 3
22. How many artists are players ?
(A) 30 (B) 29 (C) 25 (D) 17
23. How many artists are neither players nor doctors ?
(A) 29 (B) 30 (C) 22 (D) 8
24. How many doctors are neither players nor artists ?
(A) 17 (B) 30 (C) 8 (D) 19

Directions (25 to 28) : Read the following information carefully and answer the 12
9
questions based on them. The circle represents poor boys, the square educated 3
5 1
boys, the triangle represented the boys who are employed somewhere and the 8 26 11
4
rectangle represents those who help in the family business. Each section of the
7
diagram is numbered.
25. Which number represents those poor boys who help in family business but are not educated or employed elsewhere ?
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
26. Which number represents the group of educated poor boys who are employed somewhere but do not help in family
business ?
(A) 3 (B) 11 (C) 2 (D) None of these
27. Which section does number 12 represent ?
(A) Uneducated poor boys who do not help in family business
(B) Educated poor boys employed in service
(C) Uneducated poor boys who help in family business
(D) Educated poor boys who help in family business.

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28. Which number represents that section of poor boys who are neither educated nor are in any employment of have
any family business ?
(A) 5 (B) 1 (C) 11 (D) 12
Directions (29 to 30) : In the figure given below, there are three intersecting circles each representing certain section of people.
Different regions are marked a – g. Read the statements in each of the following questions and choose the letter of the region
which correctly represents the statement.
A B
Chinese
a b f Painter
c
d e
g Musicians
C
29. Chinese who are painters but not musicians -
(A) b (B) c (C) d (D) g
30. Painters who are neither Chinese nor musicians -
(A) b (B) c (C) f (D) g

ANSWERS TO PRACTICE EXERCISES

PRACTICE EXERCISE-1A
1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. D
8. A 9. A 10. B 11. B 12. D 13. C 14. C
15. C 16. C 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. A 21. C
22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. D 28. C
29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. C
36. D 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. B 41. A

PRACTICE EXERCISE-1B
1. B 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. D
8. A 9. C 10. B 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. C
15. D 16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. C 21. A
22. C 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. C 27. C 28. A
29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. C
36. A

PRACTICE EXERCISE-2
1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D
8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. C
15. C 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. D 21. D
22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. D
29. A 30. C

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