5/14/13 CHLORIDE ATTACK ON CONCRETE STRUCTURES

Contribute Your Articles

Building Concrete Construction How To Guide Geotechnical Earthquake Structural Search...

Admixtures Guide
Material Testing
CHLORIDE ATTACK ON CONCRETE
Design Guide
STRUCTURES SUBSCRIBE

Subscribe by E-Mail to receive latest updates.

Mix Design Guide
Shot Blasting Machines Hydraulics Lab Guide
SIGN UP
www.gostol-tst.eu
German style machines with low cost Our Quality Control Guide
engineers are ready to help.
Material Estimation
FR4 Unclad Laminates
Reinforcement Guide
sunray-fr4.com/
G10, G11, FR5, Halogen-Free Sheets Top Non-Destructive Tests ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Quality Manufacturer in Taiwan
Repair/Protection Guide
Rubber Expansion Joint This blog is authored and maintained
Crack Repair
China.Steel-Bellows.com
Guaranteed Quality Expansion Joint by Gopal Mishra. He is the founder of
Safety Guide
ISO9000&ISO14001, Fast Delivery! The Constructor.
shreeram Rockwool
www.shreeramrockwool.com
Mineralwool matts,RBslab,PIPE, Acoustic WE ARE ON FACEBOOK
insulation in india

Chloride Attack on Concrete Structures:

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
Chloride attack is one of the most important aspects for consideration when we deal with
the durability of concrete. Chloride attack is particularly important because it primarily
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
causes corrosion of reinforcement. Statistics have indicated that over 40 per cent of failure
of structures is due to corrosion of reinforcement.
GENERAL CONTRACTORS
Due to high alkalinity of concrete a protective oxide film is present on the surface of steel
reinforcement. The protective passivity layer can be lost due to carbonation. This protective MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
layer also can be lost due to the presence of chloride in the presence of water and oxygen.
In reality the action of chloride in inducing corrosion of reinforcement is more serious than ENGINEERING DESIGN
any other reasons. One may understand that Sulphates attack the concrete whereas the
ads by Yahoo!
chloride attacks steel reinforcements.

POPULAR

C oncrete Technology How To Guide

Geotechnical Engineering Structural

GE Lab Tests Structural Design

Material Testing Guide C onstruction Buildings

Building Materials Soil Foundation

C onstruction Management Structure Design

Structural Analysis Water Resources

Earthquake Engineering

Chloride enters the concrete from cement, water, and aggregate and sometimes from
admixtures. The present day admixtures are generally containing negligible quantity of
chloride or what they call chloride free. Chloride can enter the concrete by diffusion from
environment. The Bureau of Indian Standard earlier specified the maximum chloride content
in cement as 0.05 percent. But it is now increased the allowable chloride content in cement
to 0.1 per cent. I S 456 of 2000 limits the chloride content as (Cl) in the concrete at the
time of placing is shown in table-1.

theconstructor.org/concrete/chloride-attack-on-concrete-structures/7802/ 1/2
5/14/13 CHLORIDE ATTACK ON CONCRETE STRUCTURES
Table-1: Limits of Chloride Content of Concrete (IS 456 of 2000)

Maximum Total acid

soluble chloride
S.No. Type of Use of Concrete content. Expressed
as
kg/m3 of concrete
1 Concrete containing metal and steam cured at
elevated temperature and prestressed 0.4
concrete.
2 Reinforced concrete or plain concrete
containing embedded metal. 0.6

3 Concrete not containing embedded metal or

any material requiring protection from chloride. 3.0

The amount of chloride required for initiating corrosion is partly dependent on the pH value
of the pore water in concrete. At a pH value less than 11.5 corrosion may occur without the
presence of chloride. At pH value greater than 11.5 a good amount of chloride is required.

solids control equipment

shale shak e r,m ud cle ane r,m ud tank re star pe trole um e quipm e nt
com pany
www.pyzyrsd.com /e ng/

Search...

« ROLE OF FIBER REINFORCEMENT ADVANTAGES OF HIGH »

IN CONCRETE PERFORMANCE CONCRETE

Construction Admin [CA] Free Painting Estimates

Submittals/RFI/CCD/ASI/Sheet Index Web-based Exterior Painting Now Scheduling for
Software for Architects Spring/Summer Call 207-749-5606
www.aec-sync.com iPaintMaine.com

Home Improvement Articles General Rental Center

Don't call a contractor, Do It Yourself serving palm beach county for 25yrs tool rental,
trademarksolutions.org sales and repairs
www.generalrentalboynton.net

ads by Yahoo!

Tags: Concrete Technology corrosion of reinforcement Durability reinforcement

Home » Concrete Technology » Concrete Durability » CHLORIDE ATTACK ON CONCRETE

STRUCTURES

HOME ABOUT US CONNECT CONTACT US PRIVACY POLICY

Copyright © 2012 The Constructor

theconstructor.org/concrete/chloride-attack-on-concrete-structures/7802/ 2/2