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Edexcel s1 Revision Notes
Edexcel s1 Revision Notes
SKEWNESS
Negative Skew
mean < median < mode
(Q2 – Q1) > (Q3 – Q2)
Longer left hand whisker
Positive Skew
mode < median < mean
Symmetrical
mode = median = mean
(Q2 – Q1) = (Q3 – Q2)
Equal whiskers
Mean
The mean is very simple to calculate, If you are given a table with single
integers on the top, e.g. 1,2,3,4(x) , and they have frequencys to them, e.g. the number 1
has a frequency of 5 (f). all you do is make a new table and calculate all the X's multiplied by
the Frequencys, this is FX, then Add them together to get the sum of FX, Efx. Then devide
Efx by the sum of all the Frequencys, EF, which is also the same as CF.
However if the Data is in groups, e.g. 0-9. Then Instead of Summing Efx, You should
Sum the Frequency multiplied by the Midpoints of the Grouped data. e.g. mp of 0-9 is 4.5.
So its Ef(mp) over Ef in grouped data.
Variance = Sum of X^2 / n (The number of data sets, not the total) - Xbar^2(the mean squared)
or see below for when it involves frequency's
Probability
P(Both Events A and B) = P(AnB) (Remember this one because it had N in the middle like AND)
Addition Rule, P(AuB) = P(A)+P(B) - P(AnB) (simply add up and minus middle bit)
P(A given B already happened), P(A/B) = P(AnB) / P(B) (Remember to divide by the whole of B,
its common mistake not to)
R = Sxy / (Root(SxxSyy))
• To find the equation you first must work out SXY and SXX, Then find B
by dividing SXY by SXX.
• Then you find out A by substituting B into the equation A=Ybar-(B(Xbar) Obviously
you will know the mean of Y and X, just Sum of X divided by N. or Sum of Y divided
by N, same as Ex/n or Ey/n
• Finally Substitute B and A into the final Equation : Y = A + B(x)
You will be given like a table with x on the top and P(X=x) underneath.P(X=x)
means the probability that X takes on a particular value, for instance the
Probability of rolling a 6 with a dice is usually 1/6/
The sum of P(X=x) is always 1. So to find any missing values just add
them all up and equal them to 1 and solve the equation to find missing
number. e.g. 1/6 + 1/2 +1/6 + K = 1, K has to equal 1/6.
E(X) - It is the sum of every value for X multiplied by the probability of getting
that value of X
x P(X=x) xP(X=x) X^2P(X=x)
0 0.1 0 0
E(X^2) = 0 + 0.1 + (4x0.3) + (9x0.3) +(16x0.1) +(25x0.1) (it may help to make a X
squared column) Usually these are in tables and are horizontal. not vertical as shown. sorry
for confusion.
Underneath is another HUGE graph on how to work E(X), i talk about E(X^2) further down.
Var(aX+b) = a^2Var(X)
E(2X) = 3E(X)
E(X-2) = E(X) - 2
Var(3X) = 3^2Var(X)
Tips to remember all formulas: Rewrite every formula Seven times, its proven writing stuff
out multiple times helps us retain it in our memory. Rewrite more than 7 times if you want
to remember for ever.