B.E.

E (FEC105): ASSIGNMENT-3 (AY 20-21: SEM I)

Name of the student TAHSEEN SHAIKH

Division/Roll NO FE A / 12
XIE -ID 202001041.tahseenssw@student.xavier.ac.in
Title of Assignment Devise a report to illustrate the application of any motor in
industry/ appliances
CO 6
Date of Assignment 18/03/2021
Deadline 06/04/2021
Date of submission 05/04/2021
Which motor is Servo Motor
chosen
Application Industrial Robots
Abstract With the rapid advancement in technology, the need of
automated technology i.e robots is especially increasing from
the Industrial aspect.With the use of servo motors, we can
produce efficient industrial robots. As Industrial robots are
heavy duty robots DC servo motors out of the two motors
namely, AC and DC servo motors, are the best motors to
use. DC motors follow the principle of Pulse Width
Modulation which plays a great role in producing the most
efficient of Industrial robots. Motion control is the most
important requirement of Industrial Robots and DC servo
motors meet. The servo motor is a closed-loop
servomechanism that uses position feedback to control its
motion and final position. Most importantly, though, they
allow for near perfect repeatability of motion

Schematic diagram a) DC servo motor equivalent circuit

b)Component Flowchart of an servo motor

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c)Working of servo motor

d)Application of Servo Motors in Robotics

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Working principle
There are different types of DC motor, such shunt wound DC
motor, series DC motor, Separately excited DC motor,
permanent magnet DC motor, Brushless DC motor etc.
Among all mainly separately excited DC motor, permanent
magnet DC motor and brush less DC motor are used as
servo.

Servo motor works on the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)

principle, which means its angle of rotation is controlled by
the duration of pulse applied to its control PIN.

The use of pulse width modulation to control a small motor

has the advantage in that the power loss in the switching
transistor is small because the transistor is either fully “ON”
or fully “OFF”. As a result the switching transistor has a much
reduced power dissipation giving it a linear type of control
which results in better speed stability.
Also the amplitude of the motor voltage remains constant so
the motor is always at full strength. The result is that the
motor can be rotated much more slowly without it stalling.
Basically servo motor is made up of DC motor which is
controlled by a variable resistor (potentiometer) and some
gears.
A servo motor is a closed-loop servomechanism that uses
position feedback to control its motion and final position.
Moreover the input to its control is a signal (either analogue
or digital) representing the position commanded for the
output shaft .

The motor is incorporates some type of encoder to provide

position and speed feedback. In the simplest case, we
measure only the position. Then the measured position of the
output is compared with the command position, the external
input to controller. Now If the output position differs from that
of the expected output, an error signal generates. Which ,
then causes the motor to rotate in either direction, as per
need to bring the output shaft to the appropriate position. As
the position approaches, the error signal reduces to zero.
Finally the motor stops.

The very simple servomotors can position only sensing via a

potentiometer and bang-bang control of their motor. Further
the motor always rotates at full speed.

Conclusions In conclusion ,Servo Motors are of two types, namely, AC

servo motors and DC servo motors. DC servo motors are
widely used in industrial robots due to its ease of access and

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the applicability of the principle of Pulse Width Modulation.

The basic necessity of application of industrial robots is the
need for ease of movement which is fulfilled with the use of
DC Servo motors. A mechanism called as servomechanism
is used.
References Attila L. Bencsik,
"Appropriate Mathematical Model of DC Servo
Motors Applied in SCARA Robots",Acta Polytechnica
Hungarica,Vol. 1, No. 2, 2004

Marcos R. O. A. Maximo,Carlos H. C. Ribeiro,Rubens J. M.

Afonso
"MODELING OF A POSITION SERVO USED IN ROBOTICS
APPLICATIONS
",XIII Simp´osio Brasileiro de Automa¸c˜ao Inteligente
Porto Alegre – RS, 1o – 4 de Outubro de 2017

L. Canan Dulger and Ali Kirecci

"Motion Control and Implementation for
an AC Servomotor System",Modelling and Simulation in
Engineering
Volume 2007.doi:10.1155/2007/50586

https://www.motioncontrolonline.org/blog-article.cfm/
Servo-Motors-Explained-and-Why-They-re-Useful-in-Robotics/87

Hosein Marzi
"Using AC Motors in Robotics", International Journal of Advanced
Robotic Systems,
Vol. 4, No. 3 (2007)

The International Journal of the Robotics Society of Japan,

Volume 11

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