Endocrine System Disorders
management, patient might
Endocrine Disorders - Too much
or less hormone secretions, or lack
of hormone in the body results to
abnormal functioning of the body.
Dwarfism
Cause
Insufficient secretion of growth
hormones in the body.
Symptom
Smaller stature compared to
children at the same age.
 They may have normal
intelligence and capabilities.
 It can be congenital or
Acquired after birth.
Acquired dwarfism may be
caused by;
 brain tumor
 head trauma
 Disease of hypothalamus or
pituitary
 Radiation therapy for certain
cancer
 Autoimmune condition
(lymphocytic hypophysitis)
Treatment
Application of synthetic growth
hormone before the child’s growth
plate are fused together.
At early detection and
achieve normal height.
Gigantism
A rare condition due to abnormal,
accelerated growth caused by
excessive amounts of growth
hormone secretion during
childhood or adolescence.
Result of a growth hormone-
secreting pituitary tumor (pituitary
adenoma).
Ex. Robert Waldow with a height
of 2.72 m (8 ft 11.1 in) tall.
Treatment
 Surgery
 Medication
 Gamma knife radiosurgery
Diabetes Mellitus
A disorder in which a person’s
blood glucose level is high due to
either inadequate insulin secretion
or inability of body cells to respond
to insulin or both.
Diabetes is treatable.
With the right management and
combination of exercise, diet, and
weight, diabetes can be managed.
If untreated, it may lead to serious  Diet, exercise and
complications such as; taking of antidiabetic
 Heart problems tablets controls the
 Hypertension progression of this type
 Eye complication of diabetes.
 Foot infections and ulcers 3. Gestational Diabetes
 Stroke  Only affects pregnant
 Slow healing wounds women.
 Due to hormonal
changes during
Symptoms pregnancy, a pregnant
Frequent urination woman’s cells become
Excessive thirst and hunger less responsive to
insulin.
Types of Diabetes Mellitus:  Mother experiences
1. Type 1 Diabetes high blood glucose
 Body does not secrete level.
insulin.  Untreated or poorly
 Patients are treated by controlled gestational
having insulin diabetes may lead to
injections for a lifetime. macrosomia or fat baby.
 They also need to have  It may result to
regular blood test, and difficulty in the passage
follow a special diet. of the baby to the birth
2. Type 2 Diabetes canal.
 Low insulin secretion
or the body cells do not Treatment
react to insulin, a  Moderate exercise
condition known as  Medication
insulin resistance.  Observe a well-planned
 90% of diabetes case is diet
Type 2.
 Overweight and obese
individuals are at high
risk of acquiring this
condition.
 Thyroid Disorders  Surgery
Caused excessive or insufficient 2. Hypothyroidism
secretion of thyroid hormones Insufficient secretion of
by thyroid gland. thyroid hormone.

Two Types of Thyroid Disorders:

1. Hyperthyroidism Symptoms:
Caused by the overproduction of  Goiter
thyroid hormones.  Fatigue
 Dry skin
Effects:  Constipation
 Tremors  Unusual cold feeling
 Nervousness depression
 Fatigue  Prolonged menstruation
 Heat intolerance
 Concentration problems
 Increased sweating Goiter
 Eye changes Enlargement of the
 Increased bowel thyroid gland due to
movement abnormal secretion of
thyroid hormones.
Grave’s disease
Most common form of
hyperthyroidism that was
named after Irish Physician
Robert James Graves.

Common symptom is
enlargement of thyroid gland
also known as “Goiter”.
Goiter is also associated with
iron deficiency and thyroid
cancer.

Treatment
 Medication
 Radioactive iodine