QS 015/2

Matriculation Programme
Examination
Semester 1
Session 2012/2013

Chow Choon Wooi

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

1+ , <1
1. Given that ( ) = 1, =1
2− , >1

Find lim f ( x ) and lim f ( x ) . Does the lim f ( x) exist? State your reason.
x 1 x 1 x1

2. Prove that 1 + tan 2 tan = sec 2 .

3. Find the following limits:

2x2  x  4
(a) lim
x  1 x2
3 x  7
(b) lim
x2 x2  4

4. Express in the form of partial fractions.

5. (a) Given that ( ) = , ≠ 0, 2

0, =2

Find the lim f ( x) . Is ( ) continuous at = 2?

x 2

+6 , <4
(b) A function ( ) is defined by ( ) = +2 , 4≤ <6
2− , ≥6

Determine the values of the constants and if ( ) is continuous.

6. The polynomial ( ) = 2 + + − 24 has a factor ( – 2) and a remainder

15 when divided by ( + 3).

(a) Find the values of a and b.

(b) Factorise ( ) completely and find all zeroes of ( ).

7. Given ( ) = 3 sin − 2 cos .

(a) Express ( ) in the form of ( − ), where > 0, 0 ≤ ≤ .

Hence, find the maximum and minimum values of ( ).

(b) Solve ( ) = 0° ≤ ≤ 360°.

Chow Choon Wooi Page 2

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

8. (a) Given that = .

√
i. By using the first principle of derivative, find .

ii. Find .

(b) Find of the following:

i. = tan

ii. =

9. (a) A conical tank is of height 12m and surface diameter 8m. Water is pumped
into the tank at the rate of 50 / . How fast is the water level increasing
when the depth of the water is 6m?

(b) A cylindrical container of radius and height h has a constant volume . The
cost of the materials for the surface of both of its ends is twice the cost of its
sides. State ℎ in terms of and . Hence, find h and in terms of such that
the cost is minimum.

10. (a) Given 3 − + = 3. By using implicit differentiation,

i. Find the values of at = 1.

ii. Show that (6 − ) +6 −2 + 2 = 0.

(b) Consider the parametric equations

=3 − , =3 + where ≠ 0.

i. Show that =1− .

ii. Find when = 1.

END OF QUESTION PAPER

Chow Choon Wooi Page 3

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

1+ , <1
1. Given that ( ) = 1, =1
2− , >1

Find lim f ( x ) and lim f ( x ) . Does the lim f ( x) exist? State your reason.
x 1 x 1 x1

SOLUTION

1+ , <1
( )= 1, =1
2− , >1

lim f ( x)  lim (1  e x )
x 1 x 1

 (1  e1 )

 1 e

lim f ( x ) = lim (2  x)
x 1 x 1

=2−1

=1

Since lim f ( x )  lim f ( x ) . Therefore lim f ( x) does not exist.

x 1 x 1 x1

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PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

2. Prove that 1 + tan 2 tan = sec 2 .

SOLUTION

sin 2 sin cos( − ) = cos cos + sin sin

1 + tan 2 tan =1+
cos2 cos
cos(2 − ) = cos 2 cos + sin 2 sin
sin 2 sin
=1+
cos2 cos

cos2 cos + sin 2 sin

=
cos2 cos

cos(2 − )
=
cos2 cos

cos( )
=
cos2 cos

1
=
cos2

= sec 2 .

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PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

3. Find the following limits:

2x2  x  4
(a) lim
x  1 x2
3 x  7
(b) lim
x2 x2  4

SOLUTION

3(a)

2x2  x  4
2
2x  x  4 x2
lim 2
 lim
x  1 x x  1 x2
x2

1 4
2 
 lim x x2
x  1
1
x2

200

0 1

 2

3(b)
3 x  7 3 x  7 3 x  7
lim 2
 lim .
x2 x 4 x  2 x2  4 3  x  7

9  ( x  7)
 lim
x2 ( x  2)( x  2)(3  x  7 )

2 x
 lim
x2 ( x  2)( x  2)(3  x  7 )

 ( x  2)
 lim
x2 ( x  2)( x  2)(3  x  7 )
1
 lim
x2 ( x  2)(3  x  7 )

Chow Choon Wooi Page 6

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

1

(2  2)(3  2  7 )

1

(4)(3  9 )

1

24

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PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

4. Express in the form of partial fractions.

SOLUTION

 Improper fraction

x
2 x  7 x  6 2 x 3  7 x 2  17 x  19
2

2 x 3  7 x 2  6x
11x  19

2 − 7 + 17 − 19 11x  19
= +
2 −7 +6 2x2  7 x  6

2 − 7 + 17 − 19 11x − 19
= +
2 −7 +6 (2 − 3)( − 2)

11x − 19
= +
(2 − 3)( − 2) (2 − 3) ( − 2)

11x − 19 ( − 2) + (2 − 3)
=
(2 − 3)( − 2) (2 − 3)( − 2)

11x − 19 = ( − 2) + (2 − 3)

ℎ =2
11(2) − 19 = [(2) − 2] + [(2(2) − 3)]
3 = [0] + [(1)]
=3
3
ℎ =
2
3 3 3
11 − 19 = − 2 + (2 − 3)
2 2 2
5 1
− = − + [(0)]
2 2
=5

11x − 19 5 3
= +
(2 − 3)( − 2) (2 − 3) ( − 2)

2 − 7 + 17 − 19 11x − 19
= +
2 −7 +6 (2 − 3)( − 2)

2 − 7 + 17 − 19 5 3
= + +
2 −7 +6 (2 − 3) ( − 2)

Chow Choon Wooi Page 8

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

5. (a) Given that ( ) = , ≠ 0, 2

0, =2

Find the lim f ( x) . Is ( ) continuous at = 2?

x 2

+6 , <4
(b) A function ( ) is defined by ( ) = +2 , 4≤ <6
2− , ≥6

Determine the values of the constants and if ( ) is continuous.

SOLUTION

5(a)

| − − 2|
( )= , ≠ 0, 2
−2
0, =2

x2  x  2
lim f ( x)  lim
x2 x2 x 2  2x

( x  1)( x  2)
 lim
x 2 x( x  2)

( x  1)[( x  2)]
 lim
x2 x( x  2)

 ( x  1)
 lim
x2 x

 (2  1)

2

3

2

x2  x  2
lim f ( x)  lim
x2 x2 x 2  2x

( x  1)( x  2)
 lim
x2 x( x  2)

Chow Choon Wooi Page 9

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

( x  1)( x  2)
 lim
x 2 x( x  2)
x 1
 lim
x 2 x

2 1

2

3

2

lim f ( x)  lim f ( x)
x 2  x2

lim f ( x) does not exist

x 2

f (x) discontinuous at x  2

5(b)

+6 , <4
( )= +2 , 4≤ <6
2− , ≥6

f is continuous at x  4

lim f ( x) exists.
x 4

lim f ( x)  lim f ( x )
x 4  x4

lim x  6  lim x 2  2
x 4  x 4

 (4)  6  (4) 2  2

4  12

 3

f is continuous at x  6

lim f ( x) exists.
x6

lim f ( x)  lim f ( x)
x6  x6

lim x 2  2  lim 2   x
x6 x 6

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PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

( 6 ) 2  2  2   ( 6)

38  2  6

6  36

  6

∴ = 3, = −6

Chow Choon Wooi Page 11

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

6. The polynomial ( ) = 2 + + − 24 has a factor ( – 2) and a remainder 15

when divided by ( + 3).

a. Find the values of a and b.

b. Factorise ( ) completely and find all zeroes of ( ).

SOLUTION

6(a)

(2) = 0

(−3) = 15

( )=2 + + − 24

(2) = 2(2) + (2) + (2) − 24 = 0

16 + 4 + 2 − 24 = 0

4 + 2 = 8 .................(1)

(−3) = 2(−3) + (−3) + (−3) − 24 = 15

−54 + 9 − 3 − 24 = 15

9 − 3 = 93

3 − = 31.................(2)

(2) 2

6 − 2 = 62.................(3)

(1)+(2)

10 = 70

=7

= −10

Chow Choon Wooi Page 12

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

6(b)

P ( x)  2 x 3  7 x 2  10 x  24
 ( x  2)Q( x)

2 x 2  11x  12
x  2 2 x 3  7 x 2  10 x  24
2x 3  4x 2
11x 2  10 x  24
11x 2  22 x
12 x  24
12 x  24
0
2
P ( x)  ( x  2)(2 x  11x  12)

 ( x  2)(2 x  3)( x  4)

when P( x)  0

( x  2)(2 x  3)( x  4)  0
3
x  2 , x   , x  4
2
3
The zeroes are 2 ,  and  4
2

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PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

7. Given ( ) = 3 sin − 2 cos .

a. Express ( ) in the form of ( − ), where > 0, 0 ≤ ≤ .

Hence, find the maximum and minimum values of ( ).

b. Solve ( ) = 0° ≤ ≤ 360°.

SOLUTION

a) 3 sin   2 cos  R sin(   )

 R sin  cos   R cos  sin 

R cos   3 (1)

R sin   2 (2)

(1) 2  (2) 2 :
R 2 cos 2   R 2 sin 2   3 2  2 2
R 2 (1)  13
R  13

(2)  (1) :
R sin  2

R cos  3
2
tan  
3
  0.588

3 sin   2 cos   13 sin(  0.588)

 1  sin(  0.588)  1

 13  13 sin(  0.588)  13

 13  3 sin   2 cos   13

 13  f ( )  13

Minimum value of f ( )   13
Maximum value of f ( )  13

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PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

13
b) f ( ) 
2
13
13 sin(  0.588) 
2
1
sin(  0.588) 
2

  0.588  0.785 ,   0.785

  1.373 , 2.945

  78.7 0 , 168.7 0

Chow Choon Wooi Page 15

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

8. (a) Given that = .

√
i. By using the first principle of derivative, find .

ii. Find .

(b) Find of the following:

iii. = tan

iv. =

SOLUTION

1
(a) y 
2x  1
1
i) Let f ( x) 
2x  1
1
f ( x  h) 
2( x  h)  1

f ( x  h)  f ( x )
f ( x)  lim
h 0 h
1 1

dy 2( x  h)  1 2x  1
 lim
dx h0 h

2 x  1  2( x  h )  1
2( x  h )  1 2 x  1
 lim
h 0 h

2 x  1  2 x  2h  1 2 x  1  2 x  2 h  1
 lim
h 0
h 2( x  h )  1 2 x  1 2 x  1  2 x  2h  1

(2 x  1)  (2 x  2h  1)
 lim
h 0
h 2( x  h)  1 2 x  1( 2 x  1  2 x  2h  1)

 2h
 lim
h 0
h 2( x  h)  1 2 x  1( 2 x  1  2 x  2h  1)

2
 lim
h 0
2( x  h)  1 2 x  1( 2 x  1  2 x  2h  1)

Chow Choon Wooi Page 16

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

2

2 x  1 2 x  1( 2 x  1  2 x  1)

2

(2 x  1)(2 2 x  1)

1
 3
2
(2 x  1)

3
dy 
ii)  (2 x  1) 2
dx

5
d2y 3 
2
 ( 2 x  1) ( 2)
dx 2 2

3
 5
2
(2 x  1)

b i) y  e 2 x tan x

dy
 e 2 x (sec 2 x)  tan x(2e 2 x )
dx

 e 2 x (sec 2 x  2 tan x)

ii) y  x sec x

ln y  ln x sec x

ln y  sec x ln x

1 dy 1
 sec x   (ln x)(sec x tan x)
y dx  x

dy  sec x  x(ln x) sec x tan x 

 y 
dx  x

1  x(ln x) tan x 
 x sec x sec x  
 x 

Chow Choon Wooi Page 17

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

9. (a) A conical tank is of height 12m and surface diameter 8m. Water is pumped
into the tank at the rate of 50 / . How fast is the water level increasing
when the depth of the water is 6m?

(b) A cylindrical container of radius and height h has a constant volume . The
cost of the materials for the surface of both of its ends is twice the cost of its
sides. State ℎ in terms of and . Hence, find h and in terms of such that
the cost is minimum.

SOLUTION

9(a)

8m

4
4m

r ℎ
r =
12 m 12 4 12
ℎ
h =
h 3

= 50 / =? ℎ ℎ=6

ℎ ℎ
= .

1
= ℎ
3

1 ℎ
= ℎ
3 3

1 ℎ
=
3 9

1
= ℎ
27

1 ℎ
= ℎ =
ℎ 9 9

Chow Choon Wooi Page 18

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

ℎ 9
=
ℎ

ℎ ℎ
= .

ℎ 9
= . (50)
ℎ

ℎ 450
=
ℎ

ℎ ℎ = 6

ℎ 450
=
(6)

ℎ 450
=
36

ℎ 25
= /
2

9(b)
r
r
=2 ℎ

h h

V   r 2h
V
h
 r2

Chow Choon Wooi Page 19

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

The cost,
C  2 r 2 (2)  2 rh(1)
 V 
 4 r 2  2 r  2 
 r 
2V
C  4 r 2 
r
dC 2V
 8 r  2
dr r

dC
when 0
dr
2V
8 r  0
r2
2V
8 r  2
r
V
r3 
4
1
 V 3
r 
 4 

d 2C 4V
2
 8  3
dr r
1
 V 3
when r    ,
 4 
d 2C 4V
2
 8   24  0 (min)
dr V
4
1
 V 3
r  
 4 
1
V V  16V  3
h   
 r2 2
  
 V 3
 
 4 

Chow Choon Wooi Page 20

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

10 (a) Given 3 − + = 3. By using implicit differentiation,

i. Find the values of at = 1.

ii. Show that (6 − ) +6 −2 + 2 = 0.

(b) Consider the parametric equations

=3 − , =3 + where ≠ 0.

iii. Show that =1− .

iv. Find when = 1.

SOLUTION

10[a(i))]

3 − + =3

6 − + +2 =0

6 − − +2 =0

(6 − ) = −2

−2
=
6 −

ℎ = 1

3 − (1) + (1) = 3

3 − +1=3

3 − −2=0

3 − −2=0

(3 + 2)( − 1) = 0

=− or =1

Chow Choon Wooi Page 21

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

dy  dy 
6y  x   y (1)  2 x  0
dx  dx 
dy
(6 y  x)  y  2 x
dx
dy y  2 x

dx 6 y  x
2
For x  1 , y   :
3
 2
    2(1)
dy  3  8
 
dx  2 15
6    1
 3

For x  1 , y  1 :
dy 1  2(1) 1
 
dx 61  1 5

10[a(ii))]

dy
(6 y  x)  y  2 x
dx
dy  dy   d 2 y  dy
 6  1  (6 y  x) 2   2
dx  dx   dx  dx
2
 dy  dy  d 2 y  dy
6    (6 y  x) 2   20
 dx  dx  dx  dx
2
d2y  dy  dy
(6 y  x ) 2
 6   2  2  0
dx  dx  dx

10(b)

2 2
x  3t  , y  3t 
t t
2
dx 2 3t  2
i)  3 2 
dt t t2
dy 2 3t 2  2
 3 2 
dt t t2
dy
dy dt

dx dx
dt

Chow Choon Wooi Page 22

PSPM 1 QS 015/2 Session 2012/2013

3t 2  2
2
 2t
3t  2
t2
2
3t  2
 2
3t  2

1
2 2
3t  2 3t  2
3t 2  2
4
dy 4
 1 2
dx 3t  2

d  dy  d  4 
ii)    1  2 
dt  dx  dt  3t  2 
d
 [1  4(3t 2  2)1 ]
dt
 4(3t 2  2) 2 (6t )
24t

(3t  2) 2
2

d  dy  24t
 
d y dt  dx  (3t  2) 2
2 2
24t 3
  
dx 2 dx 3t 2  2 (3t 2  2) 3
dt t2

when t  1 ,

d2y 24(1) 3 24
2
 2 3

dx (3(1)  2) 125

Chow Choon Wooi Page 23