Watch the video and answer the following:

a. What are the topics shown from the video?

- Gravitas Plus: The world's fertility rate is falling.

1. More Americans say they’re not planning to have a child

2. India’s fertility rate below replacement level, shows NFHS Data.

3. China’s birth rate plunges to lowest in four decades

- Gravitas: Can India's $10 billion booster save the global economy?

1. Car makers could lose $210 Billion

2. Global Chip Shortage

3. Auto Industry faces a crisis

4. Massive Backlogs, Falling production

5. Will India’s $10 Billion plan help?

- How Will COVID-19 Impact Global Migration?

1. Migrant labor has ceased

2. Global inequality is increasing

3. Restrictions may become permanent

4. Forced migrants are unable to move

5. Global migration goes into the shadows

b. Give the details of each video

- Gravitas Plus: The world's fertility rate is falling.

The fertility rate - the average number of children a woman gives birth to - is falling. If the
number falls below approximately 2.1, then the size of the population starts to fall. COVID-19 is
driving birthrates down but it's not the only thing behind the global fertility decline. At the end of
May, the Chinese Government announced that parents in China would now be permitted to have
up to three children. This announcement came only five years after the stunning reversal of the
1980 one-child policy. That something is that China has experienced a fertility collapse.
According to the latest census released in May, China is losing roughly 400,000 people every
year. China still claims its population is growing, but even if these projections are taken at face
value, the population decline previously projected to start by midcentury may now begin as early
as 2030. This means China could lose between 600 and 700 million people from its population by
2100. The COVID-19 pandemic is serving as a modifier – but not in the way commentators and
comedians suggested when lockdowns began.
 Remember all the jokes about people being stuck at home leading to a baby boom? As
the data rolls in, it’s clear that in many countries, the opposite has occurred. Most children these
days are wanted or planned children, especially in the developed world. Deciding to have a baby
is contingent on being optimistic about the future – and optimism is difficult to muster during a
global pandemic.

- Gravitas: Can India's $10 billion booster save the global economy?

The global auto industry is facing a crisis. It could lose $210 billion in revenue due to an
acute shortage of chips. In India alone, over 700,000 buyers are waiting for delivery. Can India's $10
billion plan solve this crisis? The world auto business is dealing with a disaster. It may lose $210
billion in income on account of an acute scarcity of chips. Microchips are made by building up layers
of interconnected patterns on a silicon wafer. In the cleanrooms of the chipmakers' fabs, air quality
and temperature are kept tightly controlled as robots transport their precious wafers from machine to
machine.

- How Will COVID-19 Impact Global Migration?

The economic crisis induced by COVID‐19 could be long, deep, and pervasive when viewed
through a migration lens. Lockdowns, travel bans, and social distancing have brought global
economic activities to a near standstill. Host countries face additional challenges in many sectors,
such as health and agriculture that depend on the availability of migrant workers. Migrants face the
risk of contagion and also the possible loss of employment, wages, and health insurance coverage.
This Migration and Development Brief provides a prognosis of how these events might affect global
trends in international economic migration and remittances in 2020 and 2021. Considering that
migrants tend to be concentrated in urban economic centers and are vulnerable to infection by the
coronavirus, there is a need to include migrants in efforts to fight the coronavirus. Migrant
remittances provide an economic lifeline to poor households in many countries; a reduction in
remittance flows could increase poverty and reduce households’ access to much‐needed health
services. The crisis could exacerbate xenophobic, discriminatory treatment of migrants, which calls
for greater vigilance against such practices. This Brief is largely focused on international migrants,
but governments should not ignore the plight of internal migrants. The magnitude of internal
migration is about two‐and‐a‐half times that of international migration. Lockdowns, loss of
employment, and social distancing prompted a chaotic and painful process of mass return for
internal migrants in India and many countries in Latin America. Thus, the COVID‐19 containment
measures might have contributed to spreading the epidemic. Governments need to address the
challenges facing internal migrants by including them in health services and cash transfer and other
social programs, and protecting them from discrimination.