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Application of Laplace Transform for Solving Improper Integrals Whose

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 Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mathematics and Statistics
Volume 4, Issue 2 - 2019, Pg. No. 1-7
Peer Reviewed Journal
Research Article

Application of Laplace Transform for Solving

Improper Integrals whose Integrand Consisting
Error Function
Sudhanshu Aggarwal1, Ajay Singh2, Ankit Kumar3, Neeraj Kumar4
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics, National P.G. College Barhalganj, Gorakhpur, U.P., India.
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics, KNGD Modi Engineering College, Modinagar Ghaziabad, U.P., India.
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, Greater Noida U.P., India.
4
Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, Shivalik College of Engineering, Dehradun, U.K., India.

I N F O A B S T R A C T

Corresponding Author:
Sudhanshu Aggarwal. Department of
Mathematics, National P.G. College Barhalganj,
Gorakhpur, U.P., India.
E-mail Id:
sudhanshu30187@gmail.com
Orcid Id:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6324-1539
How to cite this article:
Aggarwal S, Singh A, Kumar A et al. Application of
Laplace Transform for Solving Improper Integrals
Whose Integrand Consisting Error Function. J Adv
Res Appl Math Stat 2019; 4(2): 1-7.
Date of Submission: 2019-05-21
Date of Acceptance: 2019-08-01
Error function occurs frequently in probability, statistics, physics and
many engineering problems like heat conduction problems, vibrating
beams problems etc. In this article, we use Laplace transform for
solving improper integrals whose integrand consisting error function.
In application section, some numerical applications are given to explain
the procedure of solving improper integrals whose integrand consisting
error function using Laplace transform.
Keywords: Laplace Transforms, Error Function, Complementary
Error Function, Improper Integral
AMS Subject Classification: 44A05, 44A10, 44A35, 44A20.

Introduction the comparative study of Mohand and other transforms

Integral transforms play a significant role for solving many
advance problems of science and engineering such as
radioactive decay problems, heat conduction problems,
problem of motion of a particle under gravity, vibration
problems of beam, electric circuit problems and population
growth problems. Many researchers applied different
integral transforms (Laplace transform,1-2 Fourier transform,2
Mahgoub transform,3-11,40-43 Kamal transform,12-18, 44 Aboodh
transform,19-24,45-49 Mohand transform,25-28,50-53 Elzaki
transform,34-36,54-55 Shehu transform,37-38,56 and Sumudu
transform39,57-58 and solved differential equations, delay
differential equations, partial differential equations, integral
equations, integro-differential equations and partial integro-
differential equations. Sudhanshu et al.29-33 discussed
Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mathematics and Statistics (ISSN: 2455-7021)
Copyright (c) 2019: Advanced Research Publications
(Laplace transform, Kamal transform, Elzaki transform,
Aboodh transform and Sumudu transform).
The solutions of many advanced engineering problems like
Fick’s second law, heat and mass transfer problems, vibrating
beams problems contains error and complementary error
function. When we solve these types of problems by using
any integral transform, it is very necessary to know the
integral transform of error function.
Mathematically error and complimentary error functions
are defined by59-64
(1)
Aggarwal S et al.
J. Adv. Res. Appl. Math. Stat. 2019; 4(1) 2

and

(2) Table 1

S. No. F(t) L{F (t)}=f(s)

The Laplace transform of the function F(t) for all t > 0 is
defined as1, 65-69
1. 1
(3)

2. t
where L is Laplace transform operator.
The Laplace transform of the function F(t) for t > 0 exist if
3. t2
F(t) is piecewise continuous and of exponential order. These
conditions are only sufficient conditions for the existence
of Laplace transform of the function F(t). 4. tn, n N
The goal of the present article is to determine the value
of improper integrals whose integrand consisting error
5. tn, n>-1
function using Laplace transform.
Some useful Properties of Laplace Transform
6. eat
Linearity Property 1,65-69

If Laplace transform of functions F1 (t) and F2 (t) are f1 (s) and 7. sinat
f2(s) respectively then Laplace transform of [aF1 (t)+bF2 (t)]
is given by [af1 (s)+bf2 (s)] where a, b are arbitrary constants.
8. cosat
Change of Scale Property65-69
If Laplace transform of function F(t) is f(s) then Laplace
9. sinhat
transform of function eat F(at) is given by
Shifting Property65-69
10. coshat
If Laplace transform of function F(t) is f(s) then Laplace
transform of function eat F(t) is given by f (s-a).
Laplace Transfom of frequently Encountered
Laplace Transform of the Derivatives of the
Functions1,65-69
function1,65-69
Some Important Properties of Error and Comple-
If L{F(t)}= f(s) then
mentary Error Functions
• L{F’(t)}=sf(s)-F(0) The sum of error and complementary error functions is
• L{F’’(t)}=s2 f(s)-sF(0)-F’(0) unity:
• L{F(n)(t)}=sn f(s)-sn-1 F(0)-sn-2 F’(0)-……-F(n-1)(0)
erf(x)+erf c(x)=1
Laplace Transform of Integral of a Function65-69
Proof: we have
If L{F(t)}=f(s) then L{∫t0 F(t)dt}=
Laplace Transform of Function65-69

If L{F(t)}=f(s) then L{tF(t)} = (-1)

Convolution Theorem for Laplace Transforms1, 65-69
If Laplace transform of functions F1(t) and F2(t) are f1(s) and
f2(s) respectively then Laplace transform of their convolution Error Function is an odd function
F1(t)*F2(t) is given by erf(-x) = -erf(x)
L{F1(t)*F2(t)}=L{F1(t)}L{F2(t)} The value of error function at x=0 is 0
L{F1(t)*F2(t)}=f1(s) f2(s), where F1(t)*F2(t) is defined by erf(0)=0

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 Aggarwal S et al.
3 J. Adv. Res. Appl. Math. Stat. 2019; 4(1)

The value of complementary error function at

x=0 is 1
erf c(0)=1.
The domain of error and complementary error
functions is (-∞, ∞)
erf(x)→1as x→ ∞.
(6)
erf c(x)→1as x→ ∞.
The value of error functions erf (x) for different Laplace transform of Complementary error
values of x60 function
Table 2
We have,
S.No. x erf (x)
1. 0.00 0.00000 (7)
2. 0.02 0.02256 Applying Laplace transform both sides on equation
(7), we have
3. 0.04 0.04511
4. 0.06 0.06762 (8)
5. 0.08 0.09008 Applying the linearity property of Laplace
6. 0.10 0.11246 transform on equation (8), we get
7. 0.12 0.13476
8. 0.14 0.15695
9. 0.16 0.17901
10. 0.18 0.20094
(9)
11. 0.20 0.22270
Applications
Laplace Transform of error function In this section, some applications are given
By equation (1), we have in order to explain the advantage of Laplace
transform of error function for evaluating the
improper integral, which contain error function.
Evaluate the Improper Integral

We have (10)
Taking s→ 1 in above equation, we have

(4)

Applying Laplace transform both sides on equation (4), Evaluate the Improper Integral
we get

(5)
We have
Applying the linearity property of Laplace transform on
equation (5), we get

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Aggarwal S et al.
J. Adv. Res. Appl. Math. Stat. 2019; 4(1) 4

We have
Now by the property of Laplace transform of integral of a
function, we have:

(11)

By the definition of Laplace transform, we have

(12) (15)

Now by equations (11) and (12), we get By the definition of Laplace transform, we have:

(16)

Now by equations (15) and (16), we get:

Taking s → 3 in above equation, we have

Taking s → 1 in above equation, we have:

Evaluate the Improper Integral Evaluate the Improper Integral

We have We have
Now by change of scale property of Laplace transform,
Now by shifting theorem of Laplace transform, we have: we have:

(13)

By the definition of Laplace transform, we have:

Now using the property of Laplace transform of derivative

of a function, we have:
(14)

Now by equations (13) and (14), we get:

(17)

By the definition of Laplace transform, we have:

(18)
Evaluate the Improper Integral

Now by equations (17) and (18), we get:

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5 J. Adv. Res. Appl. Math. Stat. 2019; 4(1)
Taking s→2 in above equation, we have:
Evaluate the Improper Integral
By convolution theorem of Laplace transform, we have:
(19)
Now by the definition of Laplace transform, we have:
(20)
Now by equations (20) and (21), we get:
(21)
Taking s → 5 in above equation, we have:
Conclusion
In this article, we have successfully discussed the application
of Laplace transform for solving improper integrals whose
integrand consisting error function. The given numerical
applications in application section show the advantages
of Laplace transform for evaluating the improper integrals
whose integrand consisting of error function.
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