MAT198

SESSION 6
Results and Discussion
This maybe divided into sub-sections
describing each set of experiment or
observations.

Findings
The data maybe presented in full and
discussed descriptively in the text or these
maybe summarized in tables, pictures and
graphs. The statistical test used to determine
the possible significance of the finding should
be described. Tables, pictures and graphs
should make the presentation of the data more
meaningful.
The Results are empirical findings of
your research method used.

The Discussion contains the explanation or

interpretation of your above results/findings
(e.g. why these relationships are in/significant,
weak/strong etc.). Sometimes further literature
review might be required as part of the
explanation in discussion section.
➢ Textual
➢ Tabular
➢ Pictorial (Figures)

All figures and tables must be

accompanied by a textual presentation of
the key findings.

Never have a table or figure that is not

mentioned in the text.
Analysis of Data

The interpretation of the

findings are discussed and
the significant features
shown in the table, figures or
graphs are pointed out.
Conclusion

The Conclusion is intended to help the reader

understand why your research should matter
to them after they have finished reading the
paper.

The Conclusion is not merely a summary of

your points or a re-statement of
your research problem but a synthesis of key
points.
The general truth implied or
illustrated by the results should
be clearly stated. The evidence
based on the results should be
summarized for each
statement.
Recommendations

The Recommendations section (or

chapter) consists of suggestions on
future actions such as a new direction
of research or further experiments to
be performed, practices that might be
adapted or discarded in order to attain
certain goals or objectives.
Bibliography and References

A Reference list is the detailed list

of references that are cited in your work.

A Bibliography is a detailed list

of references cited in your work, plus the
background readings or other material that
you may have read, but not actually cited.
Appendices provide supplementary information
to the main thesis and should always appear
after the references/bibliography.

If you are unsure about whether content should

be included in the thesis or in an appendix,
consult with your adviser.

Then this is followed by the thesis writer’s

Curriculum Vitae (last part).
A Mathematical Research is the
process of trying to find answers to
interesting mathematical problems.
These questions might have
applications to daily life, or they might
be studied solely due to their intrinsic
interest.
There are two types of mathematical
questions/problems: the open-ended one, where
one does not even know for sure what one is
looking for, and the closed-ended one.

A typical closed-ended question might ask, "Is X

true?" (or perhaps "Under what conditions is X
true?" which is slightly less closed-ended)
whereas the typical open-ended question might
have the form, "What can you say about Y ?"
There is a particular kind of open-ended idea called
the blue-sky idea. Namely, someone sitting at
his/her desk with his/her feet up and looking out the
window has come up with some concept, and now
hopes that he/she or someone he/she knows can
come up with a good way of using that idea.

When one looks at the history of mathematics, it

may seem that a lot of the most important
developments have come out of blue-sky ideas. But
in fact, this is almost never the case. Good ideas
always arise out of some existing line of thought,
and it is only after when has put a lot of effort in that
one realizes that there is some grandiose general
concept that underlies all one's work.
Proving a mathematical theorem or
constructing a worthwhile example involves
taking a number of pieces and putting them
together in a new way. When one cannot
make progress, it may be because one is
not aware of enough pieces. Or it may be
that one has all the pieces one needs, but
cannot manage to get them to fit together.
The worst of it is that one usually does not
know which of these two difficulties is the
obstacle one is dealing with.
1. Title Page
2. Approval Sheet
3. Abstract
4. Acknowledgment
5. Introduction
6. Preliminary Concepts (RRL)
7. Main Results (Methodology)
8. Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
(could be one or two chapters)
9. References
10. Appendices (if necessary)
11. Curriculum vitae
This section/chapter contains all
the definitions and results which
are essential to the study.

Note: This is the counterpart of the

Review of Related Literature and
Studies.
This section/chapter contains the working
definitions and the main results (major theorem/s)
of the study.

Note: Since NDMU follows the APA style of

writing, MS Mathematics theses labelled this
chapter as Methodology. In MSU-IIT and MSU-
Marawi, they just simply call it Main Results
chapter in general. But most theses labelled it
accordingly (based on the result of the study in
relation to the title).
Summary. It is like an extended Abstract of
the study.

Conclusions. It enumerates all the results

in the study (from minor propositions up to
the main theorem).

Recommendations. The contents are

similar to a typical Recommendations
section.
 End of Lecture

We now proceed to the

presentation and discussion of
some Mathematics theses.

This is to be followed by our

virtual consultation.