Cite educational implications of at least 1

theory presented on Module 5 of the theory

on information processing
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Gagne’s Condition of Learning Gagne’s theory deals with all aspects of learning. However, the focus of
the theory is on intellect skills. The theory has been utilized to design instruction in all domains. In the
earlier version of the theory, special attention was given to military training settings. Later, Gagne also
looked into the role of instructional technology in learning.

Ausubel’s Meaningful Verbal Learning/ Subsumption Theory The main theme of Ausebel’s theory is that
knowledge is hierarchically organized; that new information is meaningful to the extent that it can be
related (attached, anchored) to what is already known. It is about how individuals learn large amounts
of meaningful material from verbal/ textual presentations in a school setting. He proposed the use of
advance organizers as a tool for learning.

Bruner’s Constructivist Theory In learning about Jose Rizal, in elementary we may have his picture in a
postcard, know that he is our national hero, born on June 19, 1861 in Calamba, Laguna, and maybe even
have a field trip there. In high school, we may study his two novels in more detail. In college, we would
go deeper into analysing Rizal’s works and may look into the personal and social factors that influenced
him in his life and work and write a term paper on it. This repeated topic on Rizal is a way of applying the
principles in Bruner’s theory. He gave us important concepts in development of representations, the
spiral curriculum and discovery learning. These concepts are all in line with the constructivist approach.
Bruner’s Mai

Gestalt Theory It was the initial cognitive response to behaviorism. It emphasizes the importance of
sensory wholes and the dynamic nature of visual perception. The term gestalt means “form” or
“configuration”. Psychologists Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler and Kurt Koffka studied perception
and concluded that perceivers (or learners) are not passive, but rather active. They suggested that
learners do not just collect information as is but they actively process and restructure data in order to
understand it. This is the perceptual process. Certain factors impact on this perceptual process. Factors
like past experiences, needs, attitudes and one’s present situation can affect their perception.