INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

ON
PROJECT ROHTANG TUNNEL
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR
AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF 7TH SEMESTER
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED TO
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU GOVT. ENGG. COLLEGE

SUBMITTED BY

ASHISH SHARMA BT 4010396

 Chapter 1-Introduction

1.1 Introduction
A TUNNEL can be defined as an underground passage for
the transport of passengers, goods, water, sewage, oil, gas etc.
the construction of the tunnel is generally carried out without
much disturbance to the ground surface.
The necessity of constructing a tunnel may arise due to
the following reasons:

a) For the elimination of long and circuitous route for

reaching the other side of the hill thus reducing the length and
improving the economy.
b) In case of aerial warfare, tunnel provide more safety and
security to users as compared to the bridges or deep cuttings.
c) In metropolitan and other larger cities, tunnels provide an
unobstructed way of transport.
d) The maintenance cost of the tunnel is considerably lower as
compared to the bridges and deep cuttings.

1.1.1 Size and Shape of Tunnel

The size and shape of the tunnel depends on the nature and
type of ground it passes.
The shape of the tunnel should be such that the lining should
be able to resist the pressures exerted by the unsupported
walls of tunnel excavation.
If the ground is made up of solid rocks, then the tunnel can be
given any shape.
Tunnels in rocky terrains are generally designed with a
semicircular arch with vertical sidewalls.
In the case of soft ground such as consisting of soft clay or
sand, the pressure from the sides and top must be resisted.

Table 1.1
 SHAPE PURPOSE
CIRCULAR WATER

ELLIPITICAL WATER AND SEWAGE

HORSESHOE ROAD AND RAILWAYS

ARCHED ROOF WITH VERTICAL WALLS ROAD AND RAILWAYS

POLYCENTRIC CROSS SECTION ROAD AND RAILWAYS