Presentation : Unit-2.

2
9th March 2021 Tuesday 9:00 to 10:50

AAR
AAR 406
406 ADVANCED
ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION
CONSTRUCTION AND
AND MATERIALS
MATERIALS

Ar. Y.S.Ravi Kishore

 ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS :

Course Objectives:
Introduction of advanced construction materials, adaptation in various architectural buildings.
Introduction to pre-engineered Concrete structures, adaptation in large span structures.
Introduction and study of pre-engineered Steel structures, adaptation in steel frames/space frames and their components.
Study of Glass systems and their adaptation in buildings.
Study of advanced building materials and their application in building industry.

UNIT 1
Advanced Construction Methods: Pre-stressed concrete beams slabs frames, lift slab construction, post tensioning, multi-storied building frames,
circular slabs and beams.
UNIT 2
Pre-Engineered (Pre-Cast) Concrete: Folded plates like V-type, trough type, pyramidal, prismatic and RCC geometrical staircases, hyperbolic
paraboloids.
UNIT 3
Study of space frames, suspended roofs, membrane structures, cable structures. Study of Pre-engineered building systems (steel), various
components, forms and their advantages.
UNIT 4
Curtain walls: types of curtain walls, components, structural solutions, construction and erection. glass wall system-glass; sheet metal wall systems
sheet metal cladding, architectural skins.

VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
 UNIT 5
Advanced Building Materials: Synthetic boards, fire proof/ resistant boards/tiles, acoustic materials, composite panels and their
applications, non- load bearing gypsum blocks, Polycarbonate sheets, Aluminum Composite Panels, Stainless Steel, High Density Fibre
boards, Ready-Mix Concrete, Lightweight Concretes, Green Building construction materials.
Course Outcomes:
students are familiar with advanced construction materials and their adaptation in various architectural buildings.
students are familiar with pre-engineered Concrete structures, and their adaptation in large span structures.
students are familiar about pre-engineered Steel structures, and their adaptation in steel frames/space frames and their components.
students have knowledge about various Glass systems and their adaptation in buildings.
students have an understanding about various advanced building materials and their application in building industry.

Recommended Books
1. James Ambrose, Building Construction Enclosure System.
2. Andrea Deplazes (Ed), Constructing Architecture: Materials processes structures- A Handbook Second Extended edition.
3. Robert E Fischer, Engineering for Architecture 1989.
4. R Barry, The construction of Buildings Volume 4, 4th Edition.
5. Schall, Rolf. Curtain Walls: Design Manual. Reinhold Pub., New York, 1962.

VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS

ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION :
Faster, enhanced quality,
less waste, NEW POLICIES OF GOVERNMENT •
Suits modern TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS.

NEw generatIon
of construction materials demonstrate exceptional properties

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 UNIT–1
Advanced Construction Methods :

Pre-stressed concrete beams slabs frames,

lift slab construction, post tensioning,

multi-storied building frames,

circular slabs and beams.

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 UNIT–2

Pre-Engineered (Pre-Cast) Concrete:

Folded plates like
V-type,
trough type,
pyramidal,
prismatic and
RCC geometrical staircases,
hyperbolic paraboloids.

VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
 RCC geometrical staircases

VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
 Geometrical staircase

1. “Continuous stairs that turn or wind about a central well hole which has rounded
corners or is circular or elliptical and that have the strings and rails arranged upon
geometric principles and running continuously from top to bottom.”
2. Can have any geometrical shape and requires no newel posts.
3. The handrail continues without interruption and without any
4. angular turns.
5. The change in direction in these stairs is achieved through winders.
6. Its construction requires considerable skill and it is weaker
7. than corresponding open newel stair.
8. In these stairs the open well between the forward and
9. the backward flights is curved.

VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
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 RCC Geometrical staircase

1. Commonly used in all type of constructions for residential, public, and industrial
buildings ,in case of framed structures, R.C.C. stairs is perhaps only choice.
2. Are very good fire resistance.
3. Can be easily moulded to the desired shape.
4. Steps can be provided with suitable finishing material such as marble, tile, etc.
5. Can be easily maintained clean and they are strong, durable and pleasing in
appearance.
6. Can also be easily rendered non- slippery and can be designed for greater
width and longer shapes.

VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
 Winders are steps that are narrower on one side than the other. They are used to
change the direction of the stairs without landings. A series of winders form a circular or
spiral stairway. When three steps are used to turn a 90° corner, the middle step is
called a kite winder as a kite-shaped quadrilateral.

VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
 The detail and placing of reinforcement will
naturally depend on the design of R.C.C. Stair.

The steps may be cast-in- situ or pre-cast.

In the later case, it is also possible to pre-cast a flight

and then place it in position with the help of suitable
equipment.

VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
 hyperbolic paraboloids.

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VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
 Shell Structures

Thin shell structures are also called

plate and shell structures.

They are Light weight constructions

using shell elements.

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 Thin shells-types

Concrete shells- monolithic dome or stressed

ribbon bridge or saddle roof.

Lattice shell structures(grid shell)-geodesic dome

or hyperboloid structure.

Membrane structures- fabric structures, other

tensile structures, cable domes, pneumatic
structures.

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 Thin shells - examples

Concrete shell-
Membrane structures- Birdair
Deitingen Service Station

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 Double curve shells Curved surface shell structures can be used to create very useful,
lightweight, rigid structural forms.

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 Double curve shells

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CYLINDERICAL SHELLS

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 Hyperbolic shells

Doubly curved surface- shape of a saddle.

It has a convex form along one axis and concave form on along the other.

Easy to construct using a series of straight structural members constructed using concrete.

The curvature reduces its tendency to buckle in compression and achieves stiffness.

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 Parabolic shells

Series of parabolas stung together.

The use of reinforcing steel in the upward curvature of the parabola allows for the
tensile forces to flow into first the neutral sag, or catenary then the thrust of the forces
flow into the compression on the downward parabola.

Both the axial parabolas are compressed and in tension.

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 Hyperbolic:
A saddle-shaped quadric surface whose sections by planes parallel to one coordinate
plane are hyperbolas while those sections by planes parallel to the other two are
parabolas if proper orientation of the coordinate axes is assumed
In simple words, I is a combination of hyperbolae and parabola within a single entity.

VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
 Lee Valley VeloPark

VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
 Lee Valley VeloPark

VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
 House by James R. Mowry

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 Scotiabank Saddledome,
Canada

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VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021
 Ar. Y S RaviKishore

VII SEM _ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Ar.Y S RaviKishore_GSA VSP 2021