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Annotated work cited

Student Name

Instructor’s name

Course

Date

Dennis, Matthew. Reading the Relationship Between Food and Criminal Justice Through

Creative Works of the Black Community. Arizona State University. 2017

The article gives concentration about food justice in both the academic and activist

communities. The essay contributes to the increasing conversation on food justice using

creative works created by black people as case studies to analyze the connection between

food security and the criminal justice system in their communities. There are two unique

reviews of creative expression that the paper examines, one of them is the novel been about a

girl who had to go to the street to provide for his siblings. The other creative expression is

lyrical content of the hip-hop songs from a group of rappers. Understanding the link may help

to explain solutions to food justice concerns via criminal justice reform, and inform new

community revitalization projects.

Duinker, Ben. “Song Form and the Mainstreaming of Hip-Hop Music.” Current Musicology,

vol. 107, 2021, pp. 93–135. Crossref, doi:10.52214/cm.v107i.7177.

The article talks about the evolution of hip-hop music genres. It evaluates the extent at

which formal hip-hop formal music structure of hip-hop music can be understood as live

performance with rots originating from Africa. Discuss the way verse-hook song pattern, a

rise in sung hooks (often by vocalists outside the hip-hop genre), the earlier entrance of hook

portions in songs, and the higher percentage of a song's time filled by hooks have all pushed

the hook (chorus) to the forefront of hip-hop music form.

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Gibson, Michael. A Case Study on the Experiences of Black Men Participating in an African-

American Male Initiative at a Post-secondary Institution. Diss. Lindenwood

University, 2018. https://digitalcommons.lindenwood.edu/dissertations

African-American men dominate the entertainment sector in the United States,

particularly in sports and music. Their success in the entertainment industry, however, does

not transfer to success in schooling. Many Black males do not recognize the significance of

education since they did not have a pleasant experience with it as children. Many others, on

the other hand, perceive value in pursuing a false sense of masculinity based on sex, drugs,

money, and criminality. The purpose of this study was to investigate how successful Black

male mentorship via an African-American is. Male Initiative might be for Black guys at post-

secondary institutions to provide them with the good educational experience they require.

Holt, Joseph. "‘You’re Nobody Till Somebody Kills You’: How Tupac Shakur Secured His

Place in the Hall of Fame." City University of New York. 2016.

The article is a critical examination of Tupac Shakur's music and history, in light of

his previous induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the upcoming release of two

films about him in 2017.

Howell, Nathan. Inner City Expressions of Pride: An Analysis of Tupac Shakur’s Thug Life.

Diss. The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, 2016.

Young African American males have acquired resilience qualities that diverge from

american Society as a result of coming up in a community marred by crime, hardship, and

shattered family structures. Thug Life, according to Tupac Shakur, is a result of his particular

resilience qualities. Comprehending Thug Life and how these distinct characteristics impact

the safety of young African American men is critical to providing appropriate mental health

care. The tales of seven African American men aged 18 to 24 are used in this empirical study
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to determine whether and how Thug Life is manifested in their lifetimes. The characteristics

of young African American males and Thug Life were shown using eight theme qualities. 

Mason, Rodney. The Rationale for and Guide to Using Hip-Hop Music as a Vehicle to

Spiritual Formation for Black Male Youth. Diss. Duke University, 2017.

https://hdl.handle.net/10161/16430.

The article provides a hip-hop based curriculum that can be used in the black churches

to include black men in spiritual formation. Though, the terms that the so-called hip-hop

singers do say while rapping has made the church to call off the church hip-hop rapping and

even distancing themselves from hip-hop. The church has even gone ahead to associate the

hip-hop culture as satanic practice. The article also evaluates the extent to which the hip-hop

may affect the life affect the life of youths.

Mayzel, Peyton. "Lyric Analysis and Songwriting with Adolescent’s Processing Complex

Trauma." Lesley University. 2020.

The article investigates how songwriting and lyric analysis may help teenagers cope

with difficult developmental experiences. The use of music, lyric analysis, and songwriting

can establish a safe environment for teenagers to articulate self and address their personal

difficulties. Adolescents can utilize music, lyric analysis, and songwriting to help them

develop their self-identity and make crucial life decisions. Through a technique devised and

instituted with eight teenage participants at a therapeutic residential school, this study

assessed the usefulness of employing music, lyrics analysis, and songwriting with adolescents

who have suffered severe developmental trauma. The technique was shown to be a successful

intervention for teenagers who wanted to express themselves and build self-identities while

simultaneously discussing good and negative connections in a group treatment environment.

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Morrison, Kim. “Informed Asset-Based Pedagogy: Coming Correct, Counter-Stories from an

Information Literacy Classroom.” Maryland. Library Trends, vol. 66, no. 2, 2017, pp.

176–218. Crossref, doi:10.1353/lib.2017.0034.

Asset-based informed autoethnographic counter-stories of students and teachers bring

the cultural assets and lived experiences of communities of color to light. External narratives

are frequently refuted in these counter-stories, which give an academic space for students to

communicate their real experiences. The curriculum uses autoethnographic techniques, hip-

hop, and asset-based teaching, which places a premium on students' explicit race, cultural

background, lived experiences, and cultural wealth as essential to their learning. Teachers and

students discuss how cultural assets are used to promote academic literacy and participation.

Shakur, Tupac. “Dear Mama,” Me Against The World. Interscope Jive 1995.

This is a hip-hop song wrote by Tupac Shakur a legendary songwriter and artiste

known for some of his hit songs that one of them “Dear Mama” hit the billboard. The artist

was an African America who was brought up in a toxic life of poverty and crime. He was

born in New York City and grew up in Harlem. His family moved to Maryland, Baltimore,

and later moved again to California, Oakland. In 1991, he made his first music career

breakthrough by his album “2Pacalypse Now” as a group member of Digital Underground.

The proceeding year 1992, Shakur begun a solo movie career with Juice and co-starred with

Janet Jackson in poetic Justice in 1993. In the song “Dear Mama,” Shakur talk about the

poverty life that they lived in and his mother’s addiction to crack cocaine, but also, pays

tribute to his mother and additionally argues that the love and deep respect for his mother

surpass the troubling memories.