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RCC Structural Elements are designed by two methods or two Design Philosophies,
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Detailing of RCC
1. Working Stress Method (WSM) (Reinforced cement…
2. Limit State Method (LSM)
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Difference b/w WSM & LSM: Concrete as a Structural Material |

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As discussed above there are two different methods of RCC Design which can be distinguish as follows :
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WSM is also known as plastic design. LSM is also known as Elastic design.
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LSM is Strain based method of RCC

WSM is Stress based method of RCC design. Windows Can
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In WSM , the material follows Hooke’s law as In LSM , stress is allowed to cross the
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In LSM , Partial Safety Factor is

In WSM , Safety Factor is considered.
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In RCC Design by WSM Tensile Stresses In RCC Design by LSM Tensile Stresses
considered. are not considered.
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Contents

1 Methods of RCC Design & Design

Philosophies:
2 Difference b/w WSM & LSM:
2.1 Working Stress Method
2.2 Limit State Method
Waffle Slab Construction
3 Design Example of Structural
Member (Beam) by WSM:
Design Example of Structural Member (Beam) by 3.1 Solution :

WSM: 4 Design Example of Structural

Member (Beam) by LSM:
Given Data : 4.1 Solution :

Eff. Span = 8 m
Live Load = 12 KN/m
Breadth of the Beam = 300 mm
Grade of concrete, fck = M20
fy = Fe415

Solution :

Design of Beam Depth :

For M20 & Fe415 , Sigma_cbc = 7 N/mm2

Let us assume, Overall Depth D = 550 mm

Eff. Cover = 50 mm

Effective depth, d = 550 – 50 = 500 mm

Self wt. of Beam = 0.3 * 0.55 * 25 = 4.125 KN/m

Total Load (w) = 4.125 + 12 = 16.125 KN/m

Moment (M) = w * l^2 / 8 = 16.125 *(8)^2/8 = 129 KN/m

For Balanced Section , Q = Mrb / (Sigma_cbc * b * d^2) = 0.1304

= 129*(10^6)/(7*300*d^2) = 0.1304

d = 686.35 > 750 mm ( i.e. Insufficient Depth )

So, Provide Depth = 750 mm

D = 750 + 50 =800 mm

Self Wt. = 0.3 * 0.8 * 25 = 6 KN/m

Total Load = 6+12 = 18 KN/m

Moment = w * l^2 / 8 = 18 *(8^2)/8 = 144 KN/m

144 * 10^6 / 7*300*d^2 = 0.1304

d = 725.16 < 750 mm

Reinforcement :

pt(bal) = (Ast(bal) / bd) *100 = 0.438

Ast (bal) = 985.5 mm2

Bar Dia. = 20 mm

Bar Nos. = 985.5 / (pi()/4*20^2) = 3.13 = 4 (say)

Bottom Reinforcement = 4 # 20 mm Dia. Bar

For Top Reinf.(Tie Bars) Ast = (35/100)* (pi()/4*20^2)*4 = 439.82 mm2

Bar Dia. = 12 mm

Bar No. = 439.82 / (pi()/4*12^2) = 3.13 = 4 (say)

Top Reinforcement = Provide 4#12 mm Dia. Bar

Design Example of Structural Member (Beam) by

LSM:
Given Data :

Breadth of the Beam = 300 mm

B.M = 200 KN/m
Factored B.M. = 1.5 * 200 = 300 KN/m
fck = M20
fy = Fe415

Solution :

Ultimate Moment of Resistance (Mu lim) = 0.138*fck*b*d^2

Mu lim ≥ 300 KN/m

0.138 * (20) * (300) *d^2 ≥ 300 *10^6

d ≥ 601.93 mm

Design of Beam Depth :

For M20 & Fe415 , Sigma_cbc = 7 N/mm2

Let us assume, Overall Depth D = 550 mm

Clear Cover = 25 mm

Assume , Dia. of Bar = 20 mm

Stirrups Dia. = 8 mm

D = 601.93 + 25 + 8 + 1/2 *20 = 644.93 mm

Provided , D = 650 mm

Eff. Depth of Beam(d) = 650 – 25 – 8 – 1/2 * 20 = 607 mm

Thus Section provide is 300 x 650 mm.

Reinforcement :

pt / 100 = Ast / bd

= 0.5 * fck / fy *(1 – sqrt(1-4.5*M/(b*d^2)/fck))

= 0.5 * 20 / 415 *( 1- sqrt ( 1- 4.5 * 300 * 10^6 / 300 * 607^2*20)

= 0.93 %

Ast = 0.93 * b * d/100 = 0.93 * 300 * 607 /100 = 1696.99 mm2

Bar Dia . = 20 mm

Bar Nos. = 1696.99/(pi()/4*20^2) = 5.4 ≈ 6 (say)

Bottom Reinforcement = Provide 6#20 mm Dia. Bars

For Top Reinf.(Tie Bars) Ast = (35/100)* (pi()/4*20^2)*4 = 659.73 mm2

Bar Dia. = 12 mm

Bar No. = 659.73 / (pi()/4*16^2) = 3.13 = 4 (say)

Top Reinforcement = Provide 4#16 mm Dia. Bar

System Design Course 3 Major Design Diaphragm wall Design of Square

Philosophies: Working Construction - Footing with Axial
Stress, Ultimate Load Diaphragm wall Loading (Solved
and Limit State |… Contractor Example)
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Want to know your IQ? Detailing of RCC
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Reinforcement
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# Civil Engineering Articles, Concrete Design, Notes

$ Diff. b/w WSM & LSM, Elastic Design, Example of LSM, Example of WSM, Limit State Method, LSM, Methods of RCC
designing, Plastic Design, RCC Design, working stress, Working Stress Method, WSM
% Types of Dams | Classification of Reservoirs
& Cathodic Protection | Types of Cathodic Protection | Applications

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