UNIT X: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Information Technology (IT) is a business sector that deals with computing,

including hardware, software, telecommunications and generally anything
involved in the transmittal of information or the systems that facilitate
communication.
IMPORTANCE OF IT
1. It makes information processing to be timelier, with better surface area
and even cheaper.
2. Access to information is now cheaper and economically viable
3. Effective and flexible Human interaction
4. ICT makes information dissemination more interactive and effective.
5. Globalization or global village: ICT has turned the whole world into a
global village. Distance has become irrelevant in business transaction and
dealings using e-mail and international World Wide Web.
6. Innovative ways of interaction and communication using GSM
Technology, satellite cable network, video and teleconferencing, etc
7. It helps keep information reliable and up to date
8. It enables business and clients to communicate effectively
9. It allows more effective management of resources

APPLICATION OF IT IN
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Scientists and engineers use computers for performing complex scientific
calculations, for designing and making drawings (CAD/CAM applications) and
also for simulating and testing the designs. Computers are used for storing the
complex data, performing complex calculations and for visualizing 3-
dimensional objects. Complex scientific applications like the launch of the
rockets, space exploration, etc., are not possible without the computers.

BUSSINESS AND COMMERCE

Information technology drives innovation and innovation is the path to business
success. Innovation in business has the same impact that steam had on the
industrial revolution.
In fact, it’s hard to imagine any business that has not benefited from the digital
revolution. Even something as hands on as agriculture uses computers. Farmers
use computers for production records, financial planning, research on technical
issues, and procurement.
Nowadays the formula for business success is simple: drive innovation with
information technology. So, the first thing startups in any industry try to figure
out is how to make smart IT recruiting choices. Without a backbone of
information technology, a business is not going to go far.
EDUCATION
The computer can play a big role in the management of educational institutions.
Preparation of timetables, organizing question banks, consolidation of details of
each student, and preparation of salary details can be effectively done by the
computer. With the help of computer ideas can be more easily explained to the
student. In chemistry to do experiments with dangerous thing and that are too
expensive, we can do by using computer.
GOVERNMENT
The government uses computers to manage its own operations and also for e-
governance. The websites of the different government departments provide
information to the users. Computers are used for the fi ling of income tax return,
paying taxes, online submission of water and electricity bills, for the access of
land record details, etc.

MEDICINE
In many medical types of equipment like ECG machines, computer chips are
used. Blood analysis and vision testing can be done through certain software’s.
When the health condition of a person is to be monitored round the clock,
computer chips are connected to his/her body. This can collect the required
responses and provide feedback to doctors through computer. Communication
through internet also opened up more possibilities in medical care
ENTERTAINMENT
Computer is now an important tool in film, television and advertisement. The
computer allows you innumerable options to handle pictures. The user can
download and view movies, play games, chat, book tickets for cinema halls, use
multimedia for making movies, incorporate visual and sound effects using
computers, etc. The users can also listen to music, download and share music,
create music using computers.