Philosophy of Education

(EDU601)
Assignment # 0I
(Fall 2021)
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Q1. Differentiate between Plato and Emanuel Kant Philosophies in detail with the help of
practical examples.
Answer:
Plato philosophy Emanuel Kant philosophy
Plato he is known as the father of idealism and EmmanuelKant is known as the father of modern
one of the forefathers of philosophy which is the moral philosophy and also his ideas and theories
love of wisdom. are thought provoking and complex.
 Plato was Greek philosopher known for having Emmanuel Kant was German philosopher
ideas about a perfect state, and he believed that whose comprehensive and systematic work
education was one of the keys to eradicating evil in epistemology (the theory of knowledge), ethics,
and achieving this.Plato received the typical and aesthetics greatly influenced all
education of a youth in Athens, where the subsequent philosophy, especially the various
education of the young was looked at as a public schools of Kantianism and idealism.
rather than a private matter.
Teaching Method of Plato recommended making Teaching method of Kant separates education in
learning as close to play as possible at the two as moral and physical education. For him,
elementary level. Upon reaching the higher levels physical education is only common way with feed
of education, the student’s reasoning should be and care comparing human with animals. Physical
encouraged in the processes of thinking and and moral education teach us how a person lives as
abstracting. independent existence.
Plato's educational philosophy was grounded in a Immanuel Kant educational philosophy believed
vision of an ideal Republic in which Plato that education differs from training in that the
expressed his distinctive views about the nature of former involves thinking. In addition to educating
knowledge, reality, and the soul.Plato outlines the reason, of central importance to him was the
normal education of a Greek boy, which he also development of character and teaching. Kant was a
received learning to read and write and study the proponent of public education and of learning by
poets. doing.

Plato believed that learning is a form of EmmanuelKant believed that there are three
recollection is the remembrance of the ideas that different forms of knowledge that are analytical,
each human being possesses in an innate way in logical and synthetic (a priori).
the soul.
Plato State Education for all children should be Kant said that the person who is reared is a being
taken from the parents and educated by the endowed with freedom the parent child
state.Education for all: Plato would want all boys relationship cannot simply be a natural one
and girls to be educated to the limit of their dominated merely by causality, such as that
abilities in all realms of knowledge and between a common producer and its products, and
understanding including, metaphysics, it allows that there is a relationship between
epistemology and axiology among them.
Plato maintains a morality based welfare According to Kant, the basis of morality is the
conception of ethics. That is to say, happiness or concept of freedom and the moral worth of an
wellbeing (eudemonia) is the highest aim of moral action depends on the maxim that is acted
thought and conduct, and the virtues are the on.Similarly According to Kant, moral laws are: a.
requisite skills and dispositions needed to attain. necessary and apply to all rational beings.Kant
claims that the moral law is given to each person
by one’s own will.
Plato the theory of natural law says that According to Kant, laws of nature are laws
humans possess an intrinsic sense of right and according to which everything will happen and
wrong that governs our reasoning and behavior. laws of freedom are laws according to which
The concepts of natural law are ancient, arise from everything ought to happen.
the times.
Plato regards education as a means to achieve EmmanuelKant regards study is a collection of
justice, both individual justice and social justice. experiences that everyone acquires in educational
According to Plato, individual justice can be environment, ethical experiences are in this
obtained when each individual develops his or her ground.Kant has spoken about these Four Stages
ability to the fullest. developing, Discipline, Learning and ethical
Education In Educating Process.
Plato believes that all people can easily exist in Kant believes the most important part of education
harmony when society gives them equal is the ethical part, and its purpose is formatting
educational opportunity from an early age to man's inner discipline and educating freedom
compete fairly with each other. Without equal human where the source of ethical laws is practical
educational opportunity, an unjust society appears wisdom. When wisdom appeared in every person
since the political system is run by unqualified through education and ethics then just society may
people, oligarchy, defective democracy will result. be appeared.
According to Plato, morality is knowledge. Thus, EmmanuelKant reviews that there is a close
knowledge is required to be just. From this Plato relation between ethics and education, educational
concludes that morality can be obtained through
three stages of development of knowledge:
knowledge of one's own job, self-knowledge, and
knowledge of the Idea of the Good. According to
Plato, social justice can be achieved when all
social classes in a society, workers, warriors, and
rulers are in a harmonious relationship.
Practical Example of Plato for modern
education system.
Modern education in Japan and other south Asian
countries like our country has greatly contributed
to developing their societies in economic terms. In
particular the college entrance examination in
Pakistan caused serious social injustices and
problems: unequal educational opportunity, lack of
character education, financial burden on parents,
and so on.  ethical education so it is first step in educating
To achieve justice, modern society needs the
Platonic theory education, for Plato's philosophy
of education will provide a comprehensive vision
to solve the problems in educationof the society
(social injustice unequal opportunities, lack of
character).
system is based on man's liberty and talents
growth and just voluntary actions are ethical.
Ethical education is based on certain principles
and linked to perception and understanding and
obtained from individual's insight and the overall
sense of duty.
Practical Example of Emmanuel Kant for
modern education system.
Modern education in Japan and other South Asian
countries like Pakistan has greatly contributed to
developing their societies in ethical terms. In ethic
philosophy of Kant ethical task and necessity are
essential elements in our country, because of this
human is responsible relying on necessity and task
freedom and character building. Kant respects
children of our country. They should learn every
thinking about freedom of society.
To achieve morals and ethics modern society
needs Kant theory of education. For Kant’s of
education will provide a comprehensive vision to
solve the morals and ethical problems in education
of the society (bad behavior, misunderstanding,
and narrow mindset).