SHUNYAM HOUSE, JODHPUR STRUCTURE- SUSTAINABILITY AND PASSIVE CLIMATE CONTROL-

INTRODUCTION-
COMPOSITION OF BUILDING ELEMENTS
LOCATION- JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN
PLOT AREA- 67813 SQ.FT.
BUILT UP AREA- 7911 SQ.FT.
ARCHITECT- AR. MANISH BANKER
ABOUT SITE-
-Jodhpur city is filled with specimens of
artistic and cultural heritage.
-The site is located on the outskirts of
Jodhpur and is surrounded by empty
plots. There are hills on the North &
West sides of the plot at a distance.
-The central focus of the design was an
architectural solution responding to
local culture, aesthetics and climate
through incorporation of traditional
construction techniques to fulfil
modern living requirements.
-Semi-private living areas like the living
room, kitchen, hobby room and family
rooms are essentially free flowing
spaces enclosing a set of twin
courtyards.
-Private living areas are seamlessly
integrated with their outdoor
environment through independent
verandahs and sit-outs.
-Utilities and service areas are planned
along the boundary as an insulating
barrier against the elements.
SITE HILLS
RESIDENTIAL AREA RESORT
EMPTY LAND
ZONING & SECTION 1-1-
EVAPORATIVE COOLING TOWER
10 9 14
16
12
7
11
13
1 Ventilation was taken from the Architectural
3 envelope, reducing the energy consumption &
2 4
PLANNING-
-The residence would sustain the modern
lifestyle of the clients, while incorporating
traditional elements connecting them to their
roots.
-A study of the Rajasthani vernacular
architecture and sustainability ingrained in the
design.
-Elements like arches, jaalis, Machans, and
pergolas are used in design; not only for
aesthetic appeal, but also to counter the
harsh climatic conditions of the site.
-Private living areas are integrated with
outdoor environment through independent
verandahs and sit-outs.
-Utilities and service areas are planned along
the boundary as an insulating barrier against
the elements.
-Separate built masses are segregated by
jaalis and opened up to the outside through
arches in sandstone.
-Strategic placement of traditional elements
like- stone jaalis, courtyards, arches and
skylights breathes fresh air and daylight into
the living spaces.
-Traditional Stone construction to build the -The twin courtyards develop positive and
entire structure. negative pressure areas, assisting in the passive
WATER TANK
-Load bearing RCC foundations. RCC only cross ventilation of the entire house.
used in foundation. -Turbo vents set atop exhaust shafts extract hot
-All the walls are load bearing, with 300 mm air from the living spaces, while the cooling
thickness built in red stone with lime mortar. towers filter fresh air into the structure, chilling it
Use of concrete was avoided making the with mist and integrating it with the cross-
design ecologically friendly. ventilation cycle to keep the house cool and
-Load bearing Stone Arches, 350 mm thick, comfortable.
define the language of openings in the -Earthen pots form an insulation layer on top of
entire house. the ceilings, protecting the interior spaces from
thermal radiation, while China mosaic tiles used
15 as roof finish reflecting sunlight and prevent
absorption of heat.
-Openings in parapet wall help to generate
8
passage of air above the terrace which helps in
6 the cooling the surface.
-All the enclosed areas are located at the north
FOUNDATION WORK
and south facades, whereas 90%
semi covered and open spaces lie along the
17 MATERIALS- east west axis, thus providing a path for
uninterrupted air circulation.
5 -Red and Pink Sandstone for masonry, slabs
and compound wall; Local Makrana marble -Maximum advantage of Natural Light &
for flooring; Lakha red granite for kitchen
tops and utility counters.
-MS I sections for slab as beams and achieving Energy Efficiency.
-Bare stone wall architectural envelope was used
columns.
-Lime and sand for mortar, joints and as an element to enhance the interior spaces,
plaster, paints and false ceiling were avoided to
waterproofing.
-Lime plaster walls in toilets with organic reduce VOC emissions.
-Stone jails allow glare free light to penetrate in
pigmented blue color.
-Evaporative cooling towers and stack -Local Sisam wood for bedroom flooring, the interior spaces along with continuous natural
ventilation towers with turbo vents set up an ventilation.
ceiling, furniture and doors.
active cross ventilation system responding -Colored glass for door panels & light fittings. -The colored glasses used in the door panels as
aptly to the extreme desert climate of the city. well as walls allow diffused light in interior spaces.
-Local printed and woven textiles for
-Passive ventilation techniques and traditional curtains, furnishings and carpets. -Project uses half of electrical energy compared
architectural language have been utilized to the neighboring houses .
-China mosaic for terrace floor finish.
with a contemporary approach, creating a -Earthen pots for air insulation over terrace
statement that blends style with sustainability.
stone slab.
-Jaalis, arches, circular openings, carve in
sandstone integrate traditional construction
elements of Rajasthani Architecture into the
building.
-Locally available and recyclable materials
like local stone, wood, textiles, colored
glass, traditional furniture, artifacts & light
fittings were used to minimize the
transportation costs & bring in the local skill PASSIVE COOLING SYSTEM
and character of the place.
ENTRANCE FOYER BEDROOM SPACE - A BURST OF COLOUR
AGAINST RAW MONOCHROME FINISHES

STAMP SIGN A SHADED SIT OUT FORMS FORMAL LIVING WITH EXPOSED
SANDSTONE ARCHES GIVING VERANDAHS CONNECT PRIVATE BEDROOM INCORPORATING ROOFSCAPE - COOLING TOWER,
OUTDOOR EXTENSION OF I GIRDERS AND BARE STONE SHEET NO.
GLIMPSE OF THE ENTRANCE SPACES WITH THE OUTDOOR TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS
MEDITATION ROOM, MACHAN SEATING
FORMAL LIVING SPACE CEILING

CASE STUDY - SHUNYAM HOUSE, JODHPUR

PRESENTED BY:
-MANASI SONAR
-1ST YEAR M.ARCH
1
-B.V.D.U.C.O.A.
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE FOR HOT & DRY CLIMATE
OUTDOOR SPACES FOR HOT & DRY CLIMATE-
-The most day to day activities take place
outside, it is important to treat the external
spaces just as carefully as the indoors.
-Adjacent buildings, pavements, roads
heat up quickly and cause a glare onto
the building during the day and at the
night, they radiate the heat stored during
the day.
-One way to avoid this is to place walls
protecting external spaces, to keep out
dust and winds.
-Also, landscaping like trees, plants and
water in enclosed spaces will cool the air
by evaporation.
-But the best solution is courtyards. In these
a pool of night air is retained, as this is
heavier than surrounding warm air.
-A small courtyard is excellent as a thermal
regulator.
COURTYARD DESIGN WITH EVAPORATIVE COOLING
OVERVIEW OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES-
-Courtyard or patio.
-White coloured walls as cool colours
reduce heat reflaction.
-Arrangement of the houses is very closely
packed to each other.
-Vegetation reduces the temperature,
filter’s the dust in and around the house,
elevates the humidity level and reduces as
well as increses the wind speed.
-Small openings.
-Double roof or white single roof.
-Thick walls.
-Big Basin to collect the rainwater.
-Louvered windows.
-Pergolas.
WIND ORIENTATION-
-Main walls and windows should face the
wind direction in order to allow maximum
cross ventilation of the room.
STAMP SIGN
BUILDING MATERIAL-
-Sun dried earth bricks one of the poorest
conductor of heat.
-Traditionally constructed with thick walls
and roofs with very small openings.
WALLS-
-Walls of daytime living areas should be
made of heat storing materials.
-East and west walls should preferably be
shaded.
-Double walls with insulation in between
are a suitable solution.
OPENING AND WINDOWS-
-Openings and windows are necessary for
natural lighting and ventilation.
-More windows should be provided in the
north façade of the building as compared
to the east, west and south as it receives
lesser radiation throughout the year.
-Windows should be shaded either by
shading devices, roof overhangs or by
trees.
-The size of the windows on the west and
the east sides should be minimized in order
to reduce heat gains into the house in the
early morning and late afternoon.
ROOFS-
-The flat roof is a good reflector and re-
radiates heat efficiently, especially if it
consist of a solid, white material.
-high solid parapet walls along the edge of
the roof can on the one hand provide
daytime shade and privacy.
NATURAL VENTILATION-
-The principle involved is to catch an
unobstructed breeze at a high level and
channel it to areas in bottom parts of the
building.
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE FOR HOT & DRY CLIMATE
PASSIVE COOLING-
-Cooling can be achieved by
evaporation of water.
COURTYARDS-
-The courtyard is provides with water and
plants, it acts as a cooling source.
-Internal courtyards provides cross
ventilation and natural cooling.
-Most opening are to the internal
courtyards rather than exterior surface.
STACK EFFECT-
-Outlets at higher levels serve to vent hot
air. Ventilators are preferred at higher level
as they help in throwing out the hot air.
OTHER FEATURES-
-Colors that absorb less heat should be
used to paint the external surfaces.
-Darker shades should be avoided for
surfaces exposed to direct solar radiation.
-The surface of roof can be of broken
glazed tiles.
-During the day time openings should be
closed and shaded.
-Decreasing the surface of the building
exposed to the outside.
-Using materials that take longer time to
heat up.
-By providing the buffer spaces between
the living areas and the outside.
3.EVENING- The air is so hot and the court door
ARABIC HOUSE- heats creating the natural air flowfrom the
the
rooms that face to it through the patio. The last
-The climate is so dry and the temperature cool air goes out from the rooms in the evening,
is so high, there is a strong solar radiation but also the shadows are longer and quickly the
and the winds can transport huge amount court is protected from the radiation.
of dust and sand.
-The architecture design developed by -To improve these passive systems they usually fix
following points- a fountain in the middle.
1. Tradition
2. Culture
3. Religion
4. Climate
- The features of the building is as follows-
1. Building shape.
2. Wall typologies.
3. Interior spaces distribution openings.
4. Ventilation and cooling systems.
-The whole design is focused around the
central square shaped patio(an empty
space where all the rooms face to)
-Around the patio often there are porches
on one or more sides.
1.NIGHT- The cool air comes down in the
court and goes inside each room that face
to it. The flat roof and the thick walls also
inprove the cooling system.
2.AFERNOON- The sun directly heat the
walls that face to the court. The air heats
and goes up providing for the natural
ventilation. The court works as a chimney.
The massive walls and doors protect the
interior spaces from the direct solar
radiation.
SHEET NO.
PRESENTED BY:
-MANASI SONAR
-1ST YEAR M.ARCH
2
-B.V.D.U.C.O.A.