DCKZB IOIU
KI]IU-KI]IU [JNFHN
NJ[JFIGIBH][UHNIF  
NJ[JFIGIBH][UHNIF
QJUNJDEIFGIF [JNFCBCGH KIF
H]Z-H]Z GBCEIB [JUNIH[ HFKZ][UH
NJ[JFIGIBH][UHNIF
@I]J J
]JDJ][JU 9 

]DNF 9
WIKI]BHF[IFG
5159 
 

I.HKJF[H[I] DCKZB
FIDI QJFXZ]ZF ? IGZ] ]ZUCFC, ].Qk., D.D.,Gr
HF][H[Z]H ? ]DNF 9 WIKI]BHF[IFG
[ILZF KH]Z]ZF ? 5159
OJFOIFG ]JNCBIL ? ]DN
NJBI] ? \ (]JQZBZL) [JNFHN NJ[JFIGIBH][UHNIF
OZKZB JBJDJF ?QJUNJDEIFGIF [JNFCBCGH KIF H]Z-H]Z GBCEIB [JUNIH[
HFKZ][UH NJ[JFIGIBH][UHNIF
NJ[JFIGIBH][UHNIF
IBCNI]H WIN[Z ? 95 OQ ( 5 \ 0 \ ;: Djfht )
OZDBIL QJU[JDZIF ?5
NI[I NZFMH ? [JNFCBCGH KIF H]Z GBCEIB
NCKJ QJUIFGNI[ ?
OZDBIL QJ]J[I KHKHN ? =0 ]H]WI/NJBI]
DCKI ? KIUHFG/NCDEHFI]H
@I]J ?J
NIUIN[JUH][HN QJ]JU[I KHKHN ? UJGZBJU/[HQHNIB

E.QUC@HB QJBIOIU QIFMI]HBI

  Ejrhdif, ejrtinwi njpiki [ulif Xifg Dili Jsi, kif ejrinlbin Dubhi,
   Difkhrh
  Ejrfibir Nrhths
  Nrjith`

M.[ZOZIF QJDEJBIOIUIF

  Qjsjrti khkhn kipit djfgjtiluh kif djdilidh tjftifg tjnfcbcgh eiru kibid

njtjfigibhstrhnif kif pjribitif-pjribitif mjrkis kibid njghitif prjsjftish.

  Qjsjti khkn kipit djfgjfib tjnfcbcgh eiru kibid njtjfigibhstrhnifkif pjribitif-pjribitif

mjrkis kjfgif eihn kif ejfir kibid njghitif rjprjsjftish.

K.]IUIFI KIF QUI]IUIFI 

  Djkhi Qjdejbioirif ? BMK Qrcojmtcr, QQ[, Phkjc Qjdejbioirif, Hftjrfjt,

 

  Djtcki ? Guru tidu kirh hfkustrh

J.DI[JUH IOIU

Ibid yifg sjdinhf ejrueil kif kufhi yifg sjdinhf ejrnjdeifg djdeuit eifyin lib
tjroikh kif difushi lirus djfyjsuihnif. Hsu ejsir piki ieik hfh ikibil pjdifisif

gbceib yifg djfginheitnif pjrueilif hnbhd. Qjdifisif gbceib tjroikh nirjfi j`jn

rudil nimi yifg khlishbnif kirh eifyinfyi gis nirecfkhcnshki. Gis nirecfkhcnshki

ejrsudejr kirh inthvhtis difushi yifg djfggufinif trifspcrtish, njghitif hfkustrh,

kif pjfggufkubif lutif.

]ibil situ ehkifg yifg tjrniht kjfgif pjdifisif gbceib ikibil bhstrhn. Qjdeifgnhtif

bhstrhn iki yifg ejrsudejr kirh eilif einir `cshb. Zftun djfgurifgh pjfggufiif

eilif einir `cshb dini pjdeifgnhtif bhstrhn inif khrphcrhtisnif nj jfjrgh tjreirunif.

Gjrinif jbjntrh`hnish khejreigih ehkifg puf khgibinnif, dubih ehkifg trifspcrtish

kjfgif djfgueil dcki trifspcrtish ejreilif einir `cshb djfoikh jfjrgh bhstrhn,

pjfggufiif scbir mjbb uftun pjfjrifgif oibif, sjrti j`hshjfsh pjfggufiif ibit

jbjntrcfhn yifg khthfgnitnif. Qjfggufiif bidpu phoir khgifthnif cbjl bidpu BJK yifg

djfggufinif jfjrgh bhstrhn bjehl rjfkil kjfgif thfgnit pjfmiliyiif yifg sidi. ]jbihf

htu kjfgif j`hshjfsh jfjrgh, pjfggufiif djkhi liftir kif prctjnsh ehsi khljdit. Kufhi

ejnjroi njris uftun djfjdunif ibtjrfith` sudejr jfjrgh bihf yifg thkin djfglishbnif

nirecfkhcnshki.

Ejghtu pjfthfgfyi bhstrhn kibid hsu gbceib, dini ejreigih ehkifg kh njbhstrhnif inif
ejrkidpin kif djfuftut sjbibu ejrueil kif ejrnjdeifg. ]hsh eihnfyi ikibil

pjnjroiif kh ejreigih ehkifg njbhstrhnif inif djfhdeubnif njsjdpitif-njsjdpitif

eiru uftun prc`jsh njtjfigibhstrhnif. Dini ejrsjdifgitbil nibhif kibid djdpjbioirh

njtjfigibhstrhnif kif mhftihbil ehkifgdu. Nibhif inif djfoikh eighif djdeifguf

fjgjrh hfh bjehl diou kif ejrnjdeifg.

Kibid ehkifg njtjfigibhstrhnif tjrkipit tjnfcbcgh kif hsu gbceib khiftirifyi djbhputh ?

i.  Jbjmtrhmhty ;.1 kif Khghtibhsish kh ejreigih ehkifg

Jbjmtrhmhty ;.1 dufmub sjhrhfg kjfgif jri Hfkustrh ;.1. Jri hfh djdeiwi jri eiru kibid

njtjfigibhstrhnif kjfgif djfgiril njbhstrhnif yifg bjehl j`hshjf, ejrnjbifoutif, kif

tifggul. ]jdinhf ejrueilfyi njbhstrhnif, dini inif iki trifs`crdish njbhstrhnif inif

tjroikh. [jfigi njbhstrhnif lirus sjbibu djdpjreiliruh hbdufyi nirjfi kufhi inif
 

ejrgjsjr kif tjfigi difushi inif ejrgifth pjrif djfoikh pjbiyif djshf kif

pjfgjfkibh.

Kilubu nibi pjfgunurif jfjrgh bhstrhn kh rudil pjbifggif QBF djfggufinif NWL

djtjr kjfgif shstjd njroi hfkunsh digfjt. ]jnirifg

]jnirifg hfh sukil dubih eifyin ejrgifth nj

iril khghtib kif shstjd prieiyir. Ipi yifg ehsi khpjthn kirh pjrueilif htu3

Eunif lifyi sjnjkir pjrueilif ibit unur, fiduf bjehl kirh htu pjrueilif shstjd yifg
tjroikh. Kirh sjgh ibit unur yifg iwibfyi ibit ejnjroi djfggufinif prhfshp hfkunsh

djkif digfjt khdifi djkif digfjt yifg tjrmhpti inif djfggjrinnif phrhfgif yifg

tjreuit kirh ibudhfhud. Qutirif phrhfgif tjrsjeut bibu inif djfggjrin

djfggjrinnif
nif ifgni piki

mcuftjr khght sjeigih tidphbif oudbil pjfggufiif NWL-fyi. Qjrlithnif NWL djtjr

kjfgif shstjd pubsi sjnirifg, shstjd njroifyi puf sjnirifg ejrejki. [jrkipit

dhnrcprcsjscr kjfgif khhsh prcgrid kh kibidfyi. Qrcgrid kif kiti khshdpif kh

djdcrh. Ibur prcgrid ejnjroi kjfgif miri djfkjtjnsh ejsirif ncfsudsh jfjrgh

djbibuh sjfscr njdukhif djfgcbil kif djfidphbniffyi kibid ejftun khghtib piki

tidphbif. ]jbihf htu tjrkipit hfkhnish BJK kif eufyh sjeigih pjfifki. Qjbifggif kipit

djdisunnif pubsi djbibuh njypik . Ohni pubsi tjbil liehs, dini NWL hfh sjmiri phftir

inif djdutusnif ibhrif bhstrhn nj pjbifggif. [idphbif thkin lifyi djfidphbnif

ncfsudsh jfjrgh fiduf ougi djfidphbnif fhbih pubsi. Qjbifggif kipit djdisunnif

tcnjf piki NWL djtjr uftun djfideil fhbih jfjrgh yifg kipit khnufsudshfyi.
]jmiri girhs ejsir, shstjd NWL djtjr sjnirifg ejrnjdeifg kirh
iwibfyi ejrsh`it djnifhs djfoikh suitu shstjd khghtib khdifi khkibidfyi tjrkipit

hfput ejrupi sjfscr, pjdrcsjs ejrupi dhnrcprcsjscr, kif pjfidphb ejrupi tidphbif

khghtib. ]hstjd tjrsjeut ougi phftir nirjfi kipit djdutusnif ipinil ibhrif bhstrhn
tjrputus itiu thkin ejrkisirnif fhbih pubsi. ]jbihf htu dubih iki hftjrinsh iftiri

pjbifggif kif pjrifgnit nwl djtjr siit djdisunif tcnjf. Bjehl kirh htu sjdui, yifg

ejrueil ikibil shstjd njroi njsjburulif. [cnjf yifg djrupinif nufmh uftun

djfideil pubsi NWL djtjr khpjrouibejbhnif sjmiri

sjmiri cfbhfj kif kipit khejbh djbibuh

hftjrfjt. Kiti-kiti pjbifggif khnudpubnif kif kipit tjrmitit pcbi ncfsudsh

pjbifggif. [cnc pjfouib eirifg kif oisi ejrnjdeifg kjfgif shstjd yifg eiru yihtu

hftjrfjt.

Mhrh utidi jri sjnirifg ikibil iki eighif ncftrcbjr yifg djfgitur, sjfscr yifg

djfghfkjri, djdcrh yifg djfyhdpif kiti, hftjrinsh nj pjfggufi, ncfjnsh nj sjrvjr

pusit, njdukilif piki pjbifggif kif bihf sjeigihfyi. Ipinil ejrljfth sidpih shtu3

[hkin, kif inif tjrus ejrnjdeifg. ]jnirifg bhlitbil sjnjbhbhfgdu, ipinil sukil iki
 

yifg ejrueil kjfgif mhrh sjpjrth htu sjpjrth htu3 Dubih eifyin lib yifg tjbil ejrueil kh

jri khghtibhsish hfh3 Bhlitbil tjbjvhsh, eigihdifi kubu tjbjvhsh khgufinif kif eigihdifi

sjnirifg kjfgif ikifyi sdirt [P3 ]jpjki dctcr oidif kilubu kjfgif sjpjki dctcr

sjnirifg yifg sukil djfggufinif shstjd hfojnsh3 ]jdui

]j dui ejrueil kh j
jri
ri khghtibhsish hfh.

e.  Hftjrfjt c` tlhfgs

[lj Ujvcbush Hfkustrh Njjdpit (itiu Hfkustry ;.1) ikibil yifg sjkifg ejrbifgsufg
ctcdish difu`intur trikhshcfib kif printjn hfkustrh, djfggufinif tjnfcbcgh sdirt

dckjrf . Ncdufhnish djshf-nj-djshf (D5D) kif hftjrfjt c` tlhfgs (Hc[) snibi ejsir

tjrhftjgrish uftun pjfhfgnitif ctcdithsish, pjfhfgnitif ncdufhnish kif pjdiftiuif

difkhrh, sjrti prckunsh djshf phftir yifg kipit djfgifibhshs kif djfkhigfcshs

disibil tifpi pjrbu midpur tifgif difushi

Ujvcbush Hfkustrh Njjdpit ikibil njikiif hfkustrh ieik nj-59 siit pjrueilif ejsir-
ejsirif kh ejreigih ehkifg bjwit pjrpikuif tjnfcbcgh yifg djfgurifgh sjnit-sjnit

iftiri kufhi `hshn, khghtib, kif ehcbcgh.^9T Ujvcbush hfh khtifkih kjfgif njdiouif
tjnfcbcgh kibid ejreigih ehkifg, nlususfyi njmjrkisif euitif, rcect, ebcmnmlihf,
tjnfcbcgh fifc, ncdputjr nuiftud, ehctjnfcbcgh, Hftjrfjt c` [lhfgs, pjrmjtinif =K, kif
njfkiriif tifpi iwin.

]jeigihdifi rjvcbush tjrkilubu, rjvcbush hfkustrh njjdpit ejrpctjfsh djfhfgnitnif

nuibhtis lhkup disyirinit kh sjburul kufhi. Fiduf, njdiouif kh ehkifg ctcdithsish

kif njmjrkisif euitif tjbil djfhdeubnif njnliwithrif eilwi djshf-djshf suitu

lirh inif djfgidehb ibhl pjnjroiif difushi. ]jbihf htu, rjvcbush-rjvcbush sjejbudfyi

dishl kipit djfglishbnif bipifgif njroi eiru uftun djfggifthnif pjnjroiif yifg

khidehb ibhl cbjl djshf, sjdjftiri nibh hfh njdiouif njmjrkisif euitif kif
ctcdithsish kipit djfggifthnif tjfigi njroi difushi sjmiri njsjburulif yifg

khgifthnif cbjl tjnfcbcgh kif rcecthn.

m. Qjribitif-pjribitif mjrkis 
mjrkis 
Difushi sjbibu ejrhfcvish uftun njlhkupif yifg bjehl dukil bjehl eihn kif bjehl

ejrdif`iit. Htubil dini sjbibu inif khmhptinif njkiubitif pjribitiffyi sjbibu inif

bjehl dukil kjfgif ejreigih njmifgghlif tjnfcbcgh tjrutidi kh zidif rjvcbush

hfkustrh nj-; hfh dini ibit-ibit tjrsjeut inif sibhfg khncdehfishnif kjfgif ejreigih

`ishbhtis sjlhfggi djdeiftu njlhkupif difushi sjeigih mcftcl zidif kubu ]jrhfg nhti

tjduh pjribitif sjpjrth oid tifgif yifg ncfvjfshcfib khgjrinnif sjmiri djnifhn

tjrfyiti sjnirifg sukil djfoikh oid "phftir", yifg thkin lifyi ejrbinu sjeigih

pjfufoun wintu tjtiph ougi ehsi ejrbinu uftun djfmitit bifgnil, djfyhdpif kiti,

ejrncdufhnish kjfgif tjbjpcf phftir, djfmitit bifgnil sjrti njdidpuif bihf yifg
 

khsjditnif.

Gideir [jdpit sidpil mjrkis

]udejr?(Ouib \hicdh FHFJ][IU] [cfg ]idpil Ctcdiths ]jfscr ]dirt [risl [jdpit ]idpil
- Mrjid

- Oinirti Eirit - \hicdhIrmlhpjbigc | [cncpjkhi f.k.)

Gideir khitis ikibil sjeigih mcftcl pjribitif mjrkis ejrupi tjdpit sidpil. [jdpit

sidpil htu mjrkis nirjfi kiit djdeuni sjfkhrh kjfgif miri djbideihnif tifgif kh

itis sjfscr tjdpit sidpil bibu tutup inif djdeuni. Ehbi kheifkhfginif kjfgif

tjdpit sidpil ncfvjfshcfib, dini tjpit sidpil htu djdhbhnh dif`iit nlususfyi kh

disi pifkjdh hfh yifg inif djfgurifgh ncftin tifgif njthni djdeuni tutup tjdpit

sidpil siit inif djdeuifg sidpil.

Gideir. pjfyjkct kjeu mjrkis

(]idsufg PU8=11? Ucect Pimuud Mbjifjr [jreihn Ejrkiyi Lhsip Nuit | Hfkcfjshi f.k.)
 

[ilunil nibhif ipi gideir yifg khtufounnif khitis3 Gideir khitis ikibil sjeuil

vimuud mbjifjr . Kheifkhfgnif kjfgif vimuud mbjifjr yifg ncfvjfshcfib, ibit hfh

djdhbhnh ejrigid pjrejkiif kirh sjgh ejftun sidpih njdidpuifyi. Pimuud mbjifjr

hfh kipit ejrgjrin sjfkhrh sjmiri iutcphbct kif kipit djfglhfkirh ejreigih libifgif

sjbidi ejnjroi. Qjfyjkct kjeu mjrkis tjrsjeut djfggufinif tjfigi eitjrih, ohni
kiyifyi liehs dini pjfyjkct ejeu inif ejrgjrin nj tjdpit pjfghshif eitjrih kif
djfghsh eitjrihfyi sidpih pjful njdukhif djbifoutnif pjnjroiiffyi bigh. Njrjf nif3
Ipinil nibhif ehsi djdeuitfyi3

Qjribitif-pjribitif kh itis inif djdpjfgirulh ejreigih njlhkupif nlususfyi kh

ehkifg tjfigi bhstrhn nirjfi lirus didpu djfyupbih ejreigih njeutulif bhstrhn kjfgif

ejreigih njeutulif. ]jeigih mcftcl kjfgif ikifyi tjdpit pjfghshif eitjrih yifg

khgufinif uftun pjfyjkct kjeu, dini nibhif ougi lirus djfyjsuihnif hfstibishfyi

sjlhfggi sjsuih.

k.  ]dirt djtjr

Njdjftjrhif Jfjrgh kif ]udejr Kiyi Dhfjrib (J]KD) djfirgjtnif sjeifyin situ outi
pjbifggif bhstrhn inif tjrpisifg sdirt djtjr piki tiluf 5155. (]itu Outi Qjbifggif

Bhstrhn [jrpisifg ]dirt Djtjr Qiki 5155 f.k.). ]dirt djtjr ikibil pjfggifth djtjr
bhstrhn ncfvjfshcfib, yifg djrupinif eighif kirh pjdeifgufif oirhfgif tjfigi bhstrhn
itiu sdirt grhk . ]dirt grhk khprcyjnshnif pjdjrhftil kipit djdeuit shstjd tjfigi

bhstrhn sjmiri cpthdib kif j`hshjf kjfgif djdif`iitnif hftjrinsh kui iril eihn iftiri
prckusjf bhstrhn kjfgif ncfsudjf. ]jdinhf
]jdinhf mifgghlfyi ibit unur yifg khgufinif,

dini sjdui inthvhtis pjfggufiif jfjrgh bhstrhn inif tjrdcfhtcr kif kipit
djdiftiu sjmiri rjibthdj sjlhfggi kipit djffgnitnif pjbiyifif.
]dirt djtjr thkin lifyi khtjripnif Qbjl QBF, fiduf ougi khtjripnif kh hfkustrh-

hfkustrh kibid djdiftiu pjfgunurif. ]dirt djtjr nikifg khejrhnif `ishbhtis uftun
ncdufhnish kjfgif pjrifgnit bihf sjmiri 5 iril sjlhfggi kiti kipit khinuhshsh kh sjrvjr.
sjrvjr.

Kjfgif ikifyi kiti pjfgunurif sjmiri rjibthdj dini inthvhtis prckunsh kipit

khnjtiluh bjehl khfh ohni tjroikh njthkinfcrdibif kif kipit khoikhnif kiti imuif uftun
djfgj`jnth`nif inth`htis prckunsh khkibid hfkustrh.
 

Gideir. ]dirt djtjr

]udejr? (Iscshish Qrckusjf Qjribitif Bhstrhn Hfkcfjshi. f.k.)

j.  ]dirt sjfscr 

Ohni nibhif pjrfil djbhlit kh tiyifgif vhkjc strjidhfg, ejrupi hnbif itiu `hbd, dufgnhf
nibhif pjrfil djbhlit sjfscr gjrin phftir, sjfscr yifg djfoigi njidifif suitu
rudil3 ]dirt sjfscr ejrnjdeifg pjsit kjfgif ikifyi Hftjrfjt c` [lhfgs (Hc[)
djfoikhnif bjehl j`hshjf kif dukil. Bibu ipi irthfyi sdirt sjfscr 3
]dirt sjfscr ikibil pjrifgnit yifg kipit djfgidehb hf`cdish kirh bhfgnufgif sjnhtir

kif djfggfinif dhnrcprcsjscr/dhnrcncftrcbjr sjrti djfggufinif ncdufhnish uftun

djdiftiu, djdjrhnsi, kif djdjbhliriejreigih shstjd. ]dirt sjfscr djdhbhnh

njdidpuif uftun djfgudpubnif kiti kirh bhfgnufgif sjnhtir kjfgif bjehl inurit.

]dirt sjfscr khgufinif kh ejreigih virhish ipbhnish kif sjrhfg khgufinif piki

pjnjroiif pjdiftiuif (dcfhtcrhfg) sjpjrth sdirt grhk , njeutulif hbdhil, hfkustrh, sjrti

shstjd njidifif.
 

 
Gideir. shstjd ]hstjd sdirt sjfscr
]udejr ? (Wlit Irj ]dirt ]jfscrs3 | @hjrmjJbjmtrcfhms f.k.)

]dirt sjfscr ejnjroi djfggufinif dhnrcprcsjscr uftun djfoibifnif ejreigih `ufgsh

sjpjrth pjfgcbilif khghtib, pjfgcbilif nckj, ncfvjrsh ifibcg nj khghtib, `ufgsh

iftirduni, kif pjrlhtufgif. ]dirt sjfscr djdhbhnh ; `ufgh utidi, yihtu pjfgunurif,

ncf`hgurish, vjrh`hnish kif ncdufhnish. @ufgsh pjfgunurif khbinunif kjfgif miri

djfkjtjnsh ejsirif kh bhfgnufgif kif djfgueilfyi djfoikh ejsirif bhstrhn. @ufgsh

ncf`hgurish khgufinif sjfscr uftun djfkjtjnsh ehbi tjroikh njsibilif. @ufgsh vjrh`hnish

khgufinif uftun djbinunif pjfgiwibif sjmiri tjrus djfjrus piki sjfscr. @ufgsh

ncdufhnish khgufinif uftun ejrlueufgif kjfgif pjrifgnit bihf.

`.  ]dirt ippbhifmjs ifk kjvhmjs

]ukilnil nibhif djfjduh sdirt ippbhifmj ifk kjvhmj kh njlhkupif sjlirh-lirh3

Nikifg nhti tjduh sjeuil pjribitif itiu pjrifgnit yifg kipit tjrlueufg kjfgif

tjbjpcf phftir itiu tiebjt uftun pjfgjfkibhif yifg bjehl eihn, bjehl fyidif, sjrti kipit
djfgudpubnif hf`crdish. Ehisifyi kh kibidfyi tjrkipit dhncrcncftrcbjr sjeigih

pusit pjfgjfkibh pjribitif sjlhfggi sjdinhf phftir. ]dirt ippbhifmj ifk kjvhmj
khirthnif sjeigih pjribitif kif pjrifgnit phftir. ]dirt ippbhifmj ifk kjvhmj kipit

ejrlueufgif kjfgif pjrifgnit bihf kif ougi hftjrfjt uftun djfginsjs hf`crdish,
djfoibifnif pjrhftil itiu djfghrhdnif kiti. ]jeigih mcftcl, kjfgif kunugiif kirh
Ibjxi itiu Gccgbj Isshstift, sjeuil sinbir phftir kipit nibhif dithnif itiu fyibinif

djfgufinif pjrhftil suiri.

 

Gideir sinbir phftir yifg

khnjfkibhnif suiri
]udejr? (BUF5KHX
519<)

g.  ]upjrvhscry Mcftrcb ifk Kiti Imquhshthcf(]MIKI)

Imquhshthcf (]MIKI)
]jnirifg hfh eunifbil lib yifg ifjl ohni nibhif kipit djfyibinif kif djdithnif bidpu

kjfgif djfggufinif tjbjpcf phftir. [hkin lifyi htu, nibhif ougi djfkipit bipcrif

pjfggufiif bhstrhn lirhif kif bidpu difi sioi yifg sjkifg kibid njikiif djfyibi

itiu dith, sjrti ncfsudsh kiyifyi. ]jtjbil khnjtiluh iki yifg thkin j`hshjf, eilnif

nibhif kipit djfgitur kif djfoikwib bidpu difi sioi yifg inif djfyibi kif dith

sjsuih kjfgif sjfscr miliyi yifg khpisifg kh rudil siit gjbip. Eiyifgnif, ejtipi

mifgghlfyi nif3 Dhrhp sjpjth htubil ]MIKI yifg inif nhti eilis sjnirifg hfh.

]MIKI djrupinif shfgnitif kirh ]upjrvhscry Mcftrcb ifk Kiti Imquhshthcf. ]MIKI
djrupinif suitu shstjd yifg kipit djfgudpubnif hf`crdish kirh pjrifgnit kh

bipifgif yifg ejrisib kirh sjfscr-sjfscr, njdukhif khnhrhdnif nj pusit njfkibh uftun

khbinunif pjfgjfkibhif kif pjfgcbilif kiti tjrsjeut.

 

 
Gideir. smiki mcftrcb mjftrj

]udejr (Nfcwbjkgj ]lirhfg? ]MIKI Mcftrcb Mjftrj f.k.)

Kibid shstjd ]MIKI tjrkhrh kirh  `hjbk kjvhmjs, Ujdctj [jrdhfib Zfht (U[Z), Distjr
[jrdhfib Zfht (D[Z), ncdputjr sjeigih sjrvjr pusit njfkibh, kif Ludif Dimlhfj

Hftjr`imj (LDH). Eighif-eighif tjrsjeut tjrphsil oiul sjlhfggi uftun

djfglueufgniffyi djfggufinif oibur ncdufhnish. @hjbk kjvhmj ejrupi intuitcr kif

sjfscr yig ejrlueufgif kjfgif U[Z. U[Z inif djfgudpubnif kiti sjfscr kif

djfghrhdniffyi nj pusit njfkibh (D[Z) kif ougi kipit khpjrhftil D[Z. D[Z sjeigih

pjfgjfkibh utidi kif khshfhbil tjroikh prcsjs pjfgcbilif kiti uftun khbipcrnif kif

khiwish. ]jdui inth`htis D[Z tjrmitit.

tjrmitit. ]jeigih mcftcl sjeuil djshf pjdifis yifg

khpiftiu sulufyi kh D[Z, khejrhnif pjfyjthfgif sulu pjdifisif sidpih sulu 71

kjrioit mjbmhus. Dini kh shstjd ]MIKI, pjdifis inif khfyibinif sidpih sulu tjrsjeut

kif khoigi sjsuih pjfyjthfgif kif ejrsh`it ctcdiths. ]jdui kiti sulu tjrkipit

gri`hnfyi kif kiti tjsjeut tjrbhlit kh LDH. Cpjritcr kipit djbhlit kif kipit

djdjrhftilfyi sjmiri difuib. Cpjritcr kipit djbipcrnif prcsjs yifg tjroikh sjmiri

ncdpbht djfggufinif kiti yifg tjbil ejriki kh D[Z.

 

 
Gideir. shstjd smiki
]udejr ? (Lifky
Whminscfc 5118)

l.  Ludif Dimlhfj Hftjr`imj (LDH)

(LDH)
LDH njpifoifgif kirh ludif dimlhfj hftjr`imj, khdifi kipit khirthnif pjrifgnit

yifg djfglueufgnif difushi kif djshf kjfgif miri djfidphbnif gri`hs kif ougi

djdejrhnif `ishbhtis pjfgjfkibhif kirh djshf yifg khcpjrishnif. Qiki shstjd ]MIKI

LDH tjrkipit piki shsh cpjritcr kh pusit njfkibh khdifi LDH tjrkipit piki

ncdputjr kjfgif `ufgsh?

•  Djfidphbnif shdecb-shdecb yifg tjrbhlit kh

•   Djfidphbnif djfu pjfgjfkibhbhif, kiti, kif gri`hn
kirh njikiif kh bipifgif ( pbift )

•  Djfgncf`hgurish fhbih-fhbih pjfgjfkibhif djshf kh bipifgif

•   Djdejrhnif pjrihfgitif ohi tjroikh njsibilif ejrupi
ibird eiliyi

@.BIFGNIL-BIFGNIL NJGHI[IF QJDEJBIOIUIF 
•
  QJU[JDZIF 9
Njghitif Iwib ( =1 Djfht)   Njghitif Hfth (591 Djfht)
9.  Qjsjrti khkhn kif Guru
djdubih kjfgif ejrkci
ejrsidi.
5.  Qjsjrti khkhn khsipi kif djbinunif
pjdjrhnsiif njlikhrif ejrsidi
kjfgif guru.
=.  Qjsjrti khkhn ejrsidi kjfgif
guru djdeilis tjftifg
njsjpinitif yifg inif khtjripnif
kibid pjdejbioirif
;.  Qjsjrti khkhn kif guru ejrkhsnush
djbibuh pjrtifyiif pjdifthn?
i.  ]iit djbhlit bidpu djfyibi kh
rudildu, kirhdifi jfjrgh bhstrhn
tjrmhpti sjlhfggi bidpu rudildu
ehsi djfyibi3
 
9.  Qjsjrti khkhn djfkipitnif
pjdipirif sjmiri udud tjftifg
njtjfigibhstrhnif sjmiri udud.
5.  Kjfgif djtckj tifyi oiwie
guru djdejrhnif pjrtifyiif
djfgjfih?
i.  Djfurut pjfkipitdu ipi
yifg khdinsuk kjfgif
njbhstrhnif3
e.  ]hipi yifg tilu tjftifg
pjdeifgnht tjfigi bhstrhn kif
shstjd trifsdhsh3
m.  Djfurut pjfkipit kif
ifibhshs sjkjrlifidu,
eigihdifi miri njroi
pjdeifgnht tjfigi bhstrhn kif
shstjd trifsdhsh3
=.  ]hswi djfgjroinif tugis yifg
khejrhnif guru.
 

 
Njghitif Qjfutup (=1 Djfht)  Uj`jrjfsh

9.  Qjsjrti khkhn kipit djfifyinif Jnc Irhiftc, Kisir-kisir tjnfhn

lib yifg thkin khpilidh piki guru
5.  Qjsjrti khkhn
djfgncdufhnishnif njfkibi
yifg khlikiph sjbidi
djfgjroinif tugis
=.  Qjsjrti khkhn djfjrhdi iprjshish
kif dcthvish kirh guru. 
guru. 
njtjfigibhstrhnif, 5159.
Khkhl Igus ]jtyiwif,]iftc
Koitdhnc,Nurfhiwif Jnc ]iputrc,
Njroi Ejfgnjb kif Gideir
[jnfhn,5198.  
[jnfhn,5198.

Uj`bjnsh Bjdeir Njghitif 

9.  Ipinil iki njfkibi piki 9.  Qrinthn ncbiecrith`

njghitif pjdejbioirif3 5.  Bjdeir Inthvhtis printhn
5.  Ipinil sjdui shswi inth` kibid
njghitif pjdejbioirif3
=.  Ipi sioi njsubhtif shswi yifg kipit
khhkjfth`hnish piki njghitif
pjdejbioirif3
;.  Ipinil shswi yifg djdhbhnh
njsubhtif njthni ejrnjghitif kipit
tjritish kjfgif eihn3
:.  Ipi bjvjb pjfmipihif riti-riti shswi
kibid njghitif pjdejbioirif hfh3
0.  Ipinil sjburul shswi kipit
khifggip tuftis kibid
pjbinsifiif pjdejbioirif3
7.  Ipi stritjgh igir sjburul shswi
kipit djfuftisnif

ncdpjtjfsh3  
ncdpjtjfsh3

• QJU[JDZIF 5
Njghitif Iwib ( =1 Djfht)   Njghitif Hfth (591 Djfht)
9.Qjsjrti khkhn kif Guru djdubih
kjfgif ejrkci ejrsidi.
5.Qjsjrti khkhn khsipi kif djbinunif
pjdjrhnsiif njlikhrif ejrsidi
kjfgif guru.
=.Qjsjrti khkhn ejrsidi kjfgif guru
djdeilis tjftifg njsjpinitif yifg
inif khtjripnif kibid pjdejbioirif
;.Qjsjrti khkhn kif guru ejrkhsnush
djbibuh pjrtifyiif pjdifthn?
i. iki yifg tilu tjnfcbcgh
tjreiru kirh
njtjfigibhstrhnif3
e.njfipi bidpu phoir khgifth
kjfgif BJK3
Njghitif Qjfutup (=1 Djfht)  Uj`jrjfsh
9.  Qjsjrti khkhn kipit
djfifyinif lib yifg thkin
khpilidh piki guru
5.  Qjsjrti khkhn
djfgncdufhnishnif njfkibi
yifg khlikiph sjbidi
djfgjroinif tugis
=.  Qjsjrti khkhn djfjrhdi
iprjshish kif dcthvish kirh
guru.  
guru.
 
9.  Qjsjrti khkhn djfkipitnif
pjdipirif sjmiri udud
tjftifg tjnfcbcgh kif hsu-hsu
gbceib tjrniht hfkustry
njtjfigibhstrhnif.
5.  Kjfgif djtckj tifyi oiwie
guru djdejrhnif pjrtifyiif
djfgjfih?
i.  Djfurut pjfkipitdu
ipi sioi tjnfcbcgh eiru
kh ehkifg hfkustry
njtjfigibhstrhnif3
e.  Ejrhnif mcftclfyi3
=.  ]jmiri ejrnjbcdpcn
djfgidith!
;.  Qjsjrti khkhn smiri
ejrnjbcdpcn ejrkhsnush
ejrkhsnush uftun
djfojbisnif lishb kirh
pjfgiditif yifg tjbil
khbinunif 
Jnc Irhiftc, Kisir-kisir tjnfhn
njtjfigibhstrhnif, 5159.
Khkhl Igus ]jtyiwif,]iftc
Koitdhnc,Nurfhiwif Jnc ]iputrc,
Njroi Ejfgnjb kif Gideir
[jnfhn,5198.  
[jnfhn,5198.
 

Uj`bjnsh Bjdeir Njghitif 

9.  Ipinil iki njfkibi piki 9.  Qrinthn pjfgiditif

njghitif pjdejbioirif3 5.  Bjdeir Inthvhtis printhn
5.  Ipinil sjdui shswi inth`
kibid njghitif
pjdejbioirif3
 
=. Ipi
kipitsioi njsubhtif shswi
khhkjfth`hnish piki yifg
njghitif pjdejbioirif3
;.  Ipinil shswi yifg djdhbhnh
njsubhtif njthni ejrnjghitif
kipit tjritish kjfgif eihn3
:.  Ipi bjvjb pjfmipihif riti-riti
shswi kibid njghitif
pjdejbioirif hfh3
0.  Ipinil sjburul shswi kipit
khifggip tuftis kibid
pjbinsifiif pjdejbioirif3
7.  Ipi stritjgh igir sjburul
shswi kipit djfuftisnif
ncdpjtjfsh3  
ncdpjtjfsh3

G.QJFGIXIIF KIF UJDJKHIB

  QJFGIXIIF
]hswi khliripnif djfgjroinif ubifg sjdui tugis kjfgif
kjf gif eiftuif tutcr tjdif sjeiyi.

  UJDJKHIB
shswi djfmirh mcftcl vhkjc kh hftjrfjt tjftifg sibil situ tjnfcbcgh tjreiru kibid hfkustry
njtjfigibhstrhnif sjrti djdprjsjftishniffyi.
djdprj sjftishniffyi.
 

BIDQHUIF

CIB [JU[ZBH

FC ]CIB
9 Ojbinif sjmiri shfgnit eigihdifi bhstrhn htu khlishbnif sidpih

ehsi nibhif gufinif kh rudil!

5 Ojbisnif ipi htu ]MIKI!

=
]jeutnif pjribitif bhstrhn kh sjnhtirdu yifg sukil

djfggufinif ncfsjp Hc[!

; Hfgitbil kubu siit nidu njbis 0 ]K, pjrueilif khghtib ipi

sioinil yifg tjroikh kh sjnhtirdu sidpih sjnirifg3
 

BJDEIU QUI N[H

N[HNN
Ejrsidi tjdifdu, sjeutnif : euil pjribitif yifg iki vjrsh khghtib kif difuibfyi.

]jeigih
]jeutnif mcftcl nibhif ehsi kh
ougi pjrnjdeifgif djfjdunif dubthdjtjr
jri sjnirifg hfh kjfgififibcg
dj kif dubthdjtjr
djfyjeutnif
fyjeutnif khghtib.
mhrh-mhrh yifg tjbil
kheilis kh itis.

Fc.  
Fc. ]hstjd ifibcg
ifibcg   ]hstjd khghtib 
khghtib  Mhrh khghtibhsish 
khghtibhsish 
9. Duthdjtjr Dubthdjtjr khghtib •   Iki sjfscr uftun

ifibcg djfkjtjnsh

•   Iki dhnrcncftrcbjr iki

pjfidphb kiti
5. [P ifibcg ]dirt [P •   Iki sjfscr
•   Iki pjfidphb kiti
•   Iki ncfjnsh hftjrfjt
•   [idphbif khghtib
•   Djfgidehb kiti nj sjrvjr
vhkjc strjidhfg

•   Hftjrinsh kif pjrscfibhsish

pjfggufi
=. …  …  … 
;. …  …  … 
:. …  …  … 

0. …  …  … 
7. …  …  … 

BIQCUIF

9.  Hkjfthtis
 
5. [uouif Qrinthn
=.  Bifkisif [jcrh
;.  Qjfgiditif
:.  Njshdpubif
 

 
 

 
BJDEIU IN[HPH[I QUIN[HN
Hfstrunsh? 

Njroinif sjmiri ejrnjbcdpcn yifg tjrkhrh kirh ; crifg

9.  Dishfg-dishfg ifggcti njbcdpcn djbinunif printhn
printhn djdiftiu uftyun djfghsh
tiebj khitis.

5.  Khsnushnif lishbfyi!

=.  Euit bipcrif printhn, prjsjftishnif

Fidi Njbcdpcn ? .............................

...........................................
..................
....

Ifggcti Njbcdpcn ? ………………………………………………

Njbis ? ...............
 

UZEUHN I J DJF

Ispjn Ejbud Ncdpjtjf Munup Ncdpjtjf Ncdpjtjf (<-8) ]ifgit Ncdpjtjf

(1-:) (0-7) (91)
Qrcsjs printhn Qjsjrti khkhn thkin Qjsjrti khkhn tjrbheit Qjsjrti khkhn tjrbheit Qjsjrti khkhn tjrbheit
pjdiftiuif tjrbheit kibid kibid pjdiftiuif kibid pjfyusufif kibid pjfyusufif
sjmiri pjdiftiuif lishb pjdiftiuif lishb pjdiftiuif
ejrnjbcdpcn
sjmiri inth` fiduf sjmiri inth` kif
djfutup khrh uftun tjreuni uftun khsnush
khsnush
Qrcsjs Qjsjrti khkhn thkin Qjsjrti khkhn didpu Qjsjrti khkhn didpu Qjsjrti khkhn didpu
Qrjsjftish didpu djdprjsjftishnif djdprjsjftishnif djdprjsjftishnif
lishb djdprsjftishnif lishb pjfyusufif lishb pjfyusufif lishb pjfyusufif
lishb fiduf kjfgif shnip kjfgif shnip yifg eihn kjfgif shnip yifg eihn
yifg nurifg eihn fiduf thkin didpu kif didpu ejrkhsnush
ejrkhsnush
Lishb Qjsjrti khkhn thin Qjsjrti khkhn nurifg Qjsjrti khkhn didpu Qjsjrti khkhn didpu
pjfyusufif djfyusuf bipcrif didpu djfghkjfth`hnish djfghkjfh`hnish
bipcrif djfghkjfth`hnish pjrdisibilif tjtiph pjrdisibilif kif
printhn pjrdisibilif kif thkin didpu djfyusuf bipicrif
nurifg didpu djfyusuf lishb printhn kjfgif eihn
djfyusuf bipcrif bipcirif printhn
printhn

NJ[JUIFGI F ?

  ]hswi yifg EJBZD NCDQJ[JF dini lirus djfghnuth pjdejbioirif UJDJKHIB.

  ]hswi yifg MZNZQ NCDQJ[JF khpjrecbjlnif uftun djdpjreihnh pjnjroiiffyi sjlhfggi djfmipih bjvjb
yifg ncdpjtjf QJFGIXIIF.
QJFGIXIIF.