d.

None of them
CHAPTER 14 8. __________ is a part of digestive as well as

RESPIRATION respiratory system

a. Larynx
b. Oesophagus
c. Trachea
1. The oxidation of food to release energy which is d. Pharynx
vital for cellular life is known as. 9. _________serve as a dual function as an air
a. Breathing canal to lungs and controller of its access and as
b. Inspiration the organ of voice
c. Respiration a. Pharynx
d. Both A&C b. Larynx
2. Respiratory surfaces in higher animals like skin, c. Trachea
gills or lungs are used for d. Bronchi
a. Inspiration 10. A tube of 10 to 12 cm long, 2 cm wide having 16
b. Expiration to 20 horse shoe incomplete rings in neck region
c. Exchange of gases is
d. None a. Pharynx
3. Respiratory surface must be permeable, thin b. Larynx
having large surface area and good supply of c. Trachea
a. Gases d. Bronchi
b. Lymph 11. The bronchioles are located at the end of the
c. Blood bronchi and terminate in the
d. All of them a. Lungs
4. Gaseous exchange in respiratory surfaces in all b. Alveoli
organisms take place by the process of c. Air sac
a. Diffusion d. Both B&C
b. Active transport 12. Walls of bronchioles consist of smooth muscles
c. Osmosis and
d. All of them a. Ciliated cuboidal epithelium
5. Respiratory system provides the fundamental b. Squamous epithelium
ability to c. Ciliated mucus membrane
a. Smell d. Collagen & elastic fibre
b. Breath 13. Alveoli expand and relax easily during breathing
c. Intake of O2 because of having,
d. Giving out of CO2 a. Elastic fibres
6. The external feature of nose depends upon the b. Collagen
a. Frontal bone c. Both A&B
b. Parietal bone d. Squamous epithelium
c. Temporal bone 14. The human right lung is composed of three lobes
d. Ethmoid bone and represents a volume of
7. Inside the nose the air become filtered, moist and a. 52%
a. Cooled b. 54%
b. Warmth c. 56%
c. Cleaned d. 58%
15. Which of the following is mismatch for d. 40%
hemoglobin 23. The breathing centre ventral portion controls
a. It contain 574 amino acid expiration while inspiration will be control by
b. It contain 4 heme groups a. Dorsal portion
c. Its present in RBC b. Lateral portion
d. It store oxygen c. Dorsal and lateral portion
16. Surfactant, a detergent like chemical is secreted d. All of them
by a special cells in the 24. The breathing centre communicates with the
a. Alveolus wall intercostal muscle by the intercostal nerves and
b. Bronchiole wall with the diaphragm by
c. Bronchi wall a. Cerebral nerves
d. Trachea wall b. Sacral nerve
17. Lungs are covered by thin membranes c. Cervical nerve
a. Pia membrane d. Phrenic nerve
b. Dura membrane 25. Inspiration is an active process during which the
c. Pleura membrane intercostal muscles between the ribs contracts
d. None and pull the ribs
18. The average adult human has a lung capacity of a. Down ward and inward
approximately b. Forward and outward
a. 5 litres c. Down ward and outward
b. 4 litres d. Forward and inward
c. 6 litres 26. Approximately _______ of oxygen is carried out
d. 5.6 litres by the red blood cells as oxyhaemologbin
19. The volume of air exchanged during one breath a. 96%
in and out in quiet breathing is 500ml, this is b. 97%
a. Residual volume c. 98%
b. Tidal volume d. 99%
c. Total volume 27. Approximately _____ of oxygen is carried out by
d. All of them plasma
20. The volume of air remaining in the lungs even a. 2%
after forcible expiration is 1.5 litre, this is b. 3%
a. Residual volume c. 5%
b. Total volume d. 6%
c. Tidal volume 28. Maximum oxygen carrying capacity of arterial
d. None of them blood at 100mmHg PO2 is
21. Involuntary control of breathing is carried out by a. 20ml/100ml of blood
breathing centre located in the b. 19.4 ml/100ml of blood
a. Pons c. 5ml/100ml of blood
b. Cerebellum d. 4.4 ml/100ml of blood
c. Medulla oblongata 29. Amount of hemoglobin in 100ml of blood is
d. Spinal cord a. 5gms
22. Breathing rate would be double if oxygen b. 10gms
concentration in air drop to c. 15gms
a. 10% d. 20gms
b. 20% 30. 1 gm hemoglobin can combine with
c. 30% a. 1.24 ml of O2
 b. 1.34 ml of O2 a. 0.17ml
c. 1.44 ml of O2 b. 0.27 ml
d. 2.34 ml of O2 c. 0.37 ml
31. Normal value of oxygen in 100ml of arterial blood d. 0.47 ml
will be 39. Approximately 70% of carbon dioxide is carried in
a. 19.4 ml O2 the blood as
b. 18.4 mlO2 a. Bicarbonate ions
c. 17.4 ml O2 b. Corboxyhaemoglobin
d. 20.4 ml O2 c. Dissolve in plasma
32. 100 of venous blood will have oxygen at rest d. All of th(Uniyal & Mathur, 1998)em
a. 19.4 ml O2 40. Carbon dioxide diffuses in the blood and
b. 14.4 ml O2 combines with the water to form
c. 20 ml O2 a. Fumaric acid
d. 5 mlO2 b. Acetic acid
33. 100 ml of blood will release oxygen to the tissue c. Carbonic acid
at rest at a volume of d. Carbonic anhydrase
a. 5 ml 41. Carbonic acid, H2CO3 is unstable compound and
b. 20 ml dissociate to form hydrogen and
c. 19.4 ml a. Carbonate ions
d. 20.4 ml b. bicarbonate ions
34. During exercise 100ml of blood will release c. both A&B
oxygen to the active tissue at a volume of d. None of them
a. 5ml
42.
b. 10 ml
a. Hb
c. 15ml
b. HHb
d. 20ml
c. HbO
35. The venous blood that leaves an active tissue
d. H2CO3
during exercise has only oxygen
43. Hamburger’s phenomenon is also known as
a. 4.4 ml/100ml of blood
a. Potassium shift
b. 3.4ml/100ml of blood
b. Sodium shift
c. 19.4ml/100ml of blood
c. Chloride shift
d. 1.34ml/100ml of blood
d. All of them
36. In the atrial plasma 100ml of blood will have
44. The respiratory pigment in mollusks is
oxygen
a. Haemoerythrin
a. 0.29ml O2
b. Chlorocruorin
b. 0.39 ml O2
c. Haemocyanin
c. 0.49 ml O2
d. Haemoglobin
d. 0.59 ml O2
45. Oxygenated haemocyanin is _______ in colour
e. In plasma 100ml of
a. Green
37. venous blood plasma will have oxygen
b. Blue
a. 0.02 ml
c. Red
b. 0.12 ml
d. None of them
c. 0.18 ml
46. The PH of blood is
d. 2.1 ml
a. 6.4
38. 100 of blood will carry oxygen in the dissolved
b. 7.4
state in plasma
 c. 8.4 c. Pneumonia
d. 5.4 d. None of them
47. About ____% of carbon dioxide is carried as 52. Otoscope or auriscope is a medical instrument
carboxyhaemoglobin which s used to look into
a. 23 a. Eye
b. 33 b. Nose
c. 43 c. Ears
d. 53 d. All of them
48. About ____ % of carbon dioxide is carried in 53. Inflammationof the alveolar walls causes
dissolved form in plasma a. T.B
a. 7 b. Pneumonia
b. 17 c. Otistis media
c. 27 d. None of them
d. 37 54. How many amino acid in myoglobin
49. Oxygen carrying protein of muscle cells are a. 146
a. Myoglobin b. 141
b. Haemoglobin c. 153
c. Bilrabin d. 51
d. None of them 55. Cyanosis, a blue tinge to the skin is due to
50. Red, itchy, watery eyes, sheezing, congestion a. Lack of CO2
and runny nose are the symptoms of b. Lack of O2
a. Pneumonia c. Excess of CO2
b. Otitis media d. Excess of O2
c. T.B 56. Cigarette smoking is the major cause of
d. Sinusitis a. Emphysema
51. Myringotomy and grommets are concerned with b. Pneumonia
a. Sinusitis c. T.B
b. ostitis media d. Cancer
1. 2. C 3. c 4. a 5. b 6. d 7. b 8. d 9. b 10. c
11. d 12. a 13. c 14. c 15. d 16. a 17. c 18. a 19. b 20. a
21. c 22. b 23. c 24. d 25. b 26. b 27. b 28. a 29. c 30. b
31. a 32. b 33. a 34. c 35. a 36. a 37. b 38. a 39. a 40. c
41. b 42. b 43. c 44. c 45. b 46. b 47. a 48. a 49. a 50. d
51. b 52. c 53. b 54. c 55. b 56. d

CHAPTER 15 HOMEOSTASIS
1. According to Claude Bernard concept living 2. The tendency of organism or cell to regulate its
organisms really have to live in internal conditions is
a. One environment a. Osmosis
b. Two Environments b. Homeostasis
c. Three environments c. Feed-back mechanism
d. Four environments d. All of them
3. Homeostatic mechanism have three components 11. Special salt cells are found in amphibian skin and
receptors, control centre and gills of fishes are
a. Musscle a. Podocytes
b. Gland b. Phagocytes
c. Effectors c. Ionocytes
d. All of them d. Chromocytes
4. Homeostasis is control by 12. Rectal gland is a character of
a. Negative feed back a. Freshwater fishes
b. Positive feed back b. Marine fishes
c. Both a & B c. Both A&B
d. none of them d. None of them
5. During child birth, delivery is made easy by 13. Resistance to dehydration by desert animals for
a. Negative feed back certain time period are known as
b. Positive feedback a. Hydrobiosis
c. Harmful positive feedback b. Anhydrobiosis
d. All of them c. both A&B
6. High body temperature is fatal because d. None of them
a. Negative feed back 14. Most fishes, protozoans, sponges, content rates
b. Positive feedback and echinoderms are
c. Harmful positive feedback a. Ureotelic
d. All of them b. Urecotelic
7. Which one of the following is dual in nature in c. Ammonotelic
male d. All of them
a. Larynx 15. Animals excreting urea are
b. pharynx a. Ureotelic
c. Urethra b. Urecotelic
d. Pancrease c. Ammonotelic
8. Animals whose body fluids have different solute d. All of them
concentration to the external environment are 16. Animals excreting uric acids are
a. Osmoconformers a. Ureotelic
b. Osmoregulators b. Uricotelic
c. Thermoregulators c. Both A&B
d. Both A&B d. None of them
9. Animals whose body fluids has same solute 17. Urea is less toxic to ammonia approximately
concentration to the external environment are a. 100 times
a. Osmoregulators b. 10,000 times
b. Osmoconformers c. 100,000 times
c. thermoregulators d. 1000 times
d. Both A&B 18. Human kidney is 12cm long, 6cm wide, 4cm thick
10. Almost all the freshwater animals are each weighing about
osmoregulators and are _____ to their outer a. 120gms
environment b. 130 gms
a. Hypotonic c. 140gms
b. Hypertonic d. 150 gms
c. Isotonic
d. Both B&C
19. Kidneys are placed on either side of vertebral d. 2.8cm
column between last thoracic vertebrae and 27. Urinary bladder is a pear shaped sac which store
_____lumber vertebrae urine at a volume of
a. 1st a. 1-1.5 litres
b. 2nd b. 1-2 litres
c. 3rd c. 1.5-2 litres
d. 4th d. 0.5-1 litres
20. The inner surface of a kidney has a deep notch e. Urinary bladder is guarded
a. Cortex 28. by two rings of sphincters muscles, emptying the
b. Medulla bladder
c. Hilus a. Urination
d. None of them b. Micturation
21. Kidney is covered by a membrane c. Both A&B
a. Pleura d. All of them
b. Pericardium 29. In male urethra is 20 cm long while in female
c. Renal peritoneum a. 1-3 cm
d. All of them b. 1-2 cm
22. The kidney receives about _____ of blood c. 1-4 cm
coming from the heart each time it beats. d. 2-3cm
a. 10% 30. The process during which potassium and
b. 15% hydrogen ions and some toxic substances are
c. 20% put into urine is called
d. 25% a. Tubular secretion
23. Which of the following parts of the nephron is b. Reabsorption
least permeable to water c. Filtration
a. Proximal tubules d. Both A & B
b. Descending limb of the loop of henle 31. Each Nephron is composed of renal corpuscle
c. Ascending limb of the loop of henle and renal tubule while renal corpuscle is
d. Collecting duct composed of glomerulus and
24. The right kidney being little lower than the left a. Proximal coil part
kidney because to provide space to b. Distal coil part
a. Lung c. Loop of henle
b. heart d. Bowman’s capsule
c. Stomach 32. The cells of Bowman’s capsule that wrap around
d. liver the capillaries of glomerulus are
25. Cortex contains renal capsules and convulaled a. Lonocytes
tubules while medulla contains b. Podocytes
a. Peluis c. Macrocytes
b. Uretar d. Microcytes
c. Pyramids 33. Renal tubule is composed of proximal convoluted
d. Hilus tubule, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule,
26. Ureter is a narrow muscular, tubular structure collecting duct while loop of henle is prominent in
which arise from the hilus having a length of a. Cortical nephron
a. 18cm b. Juxtamedullary nephron
b. 28cm c. Both A&B
c. 38 cm d. Non of them
34. 70 to 80% nephrons in the human kidney are b. Urethra
a. Cortical c. Kidney
b. Juxtamedullary d. both B&C
c. Both A&B 43. 70% of all kidney stones contains calcium in
d. none of them combination with either oxalate or
35. 20-30% of nephrons in the human kidney are a. Uric acid
a. Cortical b. Struvite
b. Juxtamedullary c. Cystine
c. Both A&B d. Phosphate
d. none of them 44. 5-10% of all kidney stones are chiefly made up of
36. Fine arteries before entering the glomerulus are
a. Afferent a. Calcium
b. Efferent b. Cystine
c. Vasa recta c. Uric acid
d. Both A&B d. Both A&C
37. About 20% of plasma is filtered into the 45. 1-3% of all kidney stones are chiefly made up an
Bowmann’s capsule, this filtrate is amino acid
a. Ultra filtration a. Methionine
b. Glomerular filtrate b. Cystine
c. Both A&B c. Lysine
d. None of them d. All of them
38. Surgery is recommended for 46. 15-20% of all stone are infectious in the urinary
a. Small stone tract, they are
b. Large size stone a. Infection stones
c. Staghorn b. Struvite
d. None of these c. Both A&B
39. In human both the kidneys filtered blood per day d. All of them
at a volume of 47. Hyperuricemia is referred to increased amount
a. 80 litres uric acid in
b. 120 litres a. Body fluids
c. 180 litres b. Blood
d. 280 litres c. Urine
40. The water balance in the body is kept by a d. Both B&C
hormone 48. Small stones can be treated with
a. ADH a. PCNL
b. Vasopressin b. ESWL
c. Oxytocin c. Both A&B
d. Both A&B d. None of them
41. The maintenance of sodium level at a steady 49. A medical condition in which the normal functions
state is controlled by of the kidneys is loss
a. Progesterone a. Renal failure
b. Testesterone b. Kidney failure
c. Aldosterone c. Both A&B
d. None of them d. All of them
42. Pyelonephritis is urinary tract infection of 50. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) and uremia
a. Bladder referred to
 a. Acute renal failure a. Pokilotherms
b. Chronic renal failure b. Homeotherms
c. Kidney stones c. Ectotherms
d. All of them d. Endotherms
51. Procedures to filter out toxin from the blood i 59. Core body temperature of human being is
a. Renal failure a. 36-37.30C
b. Renal dialysis b. 36.4- 370C
c. Kidney transplate c. 98.20F
d. None of them d. 36.4-37.30C
52. In peritonial dialysis the function of dialyzer is 60. Short term heat is produced by a hormone
performed by a. Thyroxin
a. Pericardium b. Adrenaline
b. Peritonium c. Noradrenaline
c. Visecra d. All of them
d. All of them 61. 50% heat is lost from the human beings by
53. Exchange and dwell are concerned with a. Convection
a. Peritonial dialysis b. Conduction
b. Haemodialysis c. Radiation
c. Both A&B d. Sweating
d. None of them 62. Vasoconstriction and vasodialation are
54. Replacement of a diseased, damaged or missing concerned with
kidney with a donar kidney called a. Osmoregulation
a. Kidney transplant b. Thermogenesis
b. Renal transplant c. Thermoregulation
c. Both A&B d. Homeostasis
d. None of them 63. Human body temperature is control by
55. The first successful kidney transplant took place a. Pons
between b. Thalamus
a. twin brothers in c. Hypothalamus
b. 1944 d. Cerebellum
c. 1954 64. An increase in core temperature is known as
d. 1964 a. Fever
e. 1974 b. Pyrexia
56. Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) are proteins c. Both A&B
on the surface of d. None of them
a. RBC
b. WBC
c. Gene
d. Chromosome
57. The maintenance of body temperature by living
organism is
a. Thermo genesis
b. Thermoregulatory
c. thermo regulation
d. All of them
58. Cool blooded animals are also known as
1. B 2. b 3. c 4. c 5. b 6. c 7. c 8. b 9. b 10. b
11. c 12. b 13. b 14. c 15. a 16. b 17. c 18. d 19. c 20. c
21. c 22. c 23. c 24. d 25. c 26. b 27. d 28. d 29. d 30. a
31. d 32. b 33. b 34. a 35. b 36. a 37. b 38. c 39. c 40. d
41. c 42. c 43. d 44. c 45. b 46. d 47. b 48. b 49. d 50. b
51. b 52. b 53. a 54. c 55. c 56. b 57. c 58. a 59. d 60. b
61. c 62. c 63. c 64. c