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Blue text for symbol definition in both standards E-16

EXAMPLE E.3 BUILT-UP COLUMN WITH SLENDER FLANGES

Given:

Determine if a built-up, ASTM A572 Grade 50 column with PLa in. u102 in. flanges and a PL4 in. u74 in.
web has sufficient available strength to carry a dead load of 40 kips and a live load of 120 kips in axial
compression. The column’s unbraced length is 15.0 ft in both axes and the ends are pinned.

178 kN
534kN

l=4.572m

Solution:

From AISC 0DQXDO Table 2-5, the material properties are as follows:

Built-Up Column
ASTM A572 Grade 50
)\ 50 ksi fy=340MPa Yield strenght
)X 65 ksi fu=445MPa Tensile strenght
The geometric properties are as follows:

Built-Up Column
G 8.00 in. h=203.2mm section depth
EI 102 in. b=266.7mm section width
WI a in. tf=9.5mm flange thickness
K 74 in. d=184.15mm clear distance between flanges
WZ 4 in. t =6.35mm
w web thickness
From Chapter 2 of ASCE/SEI 7, the required compressive strength is:

LRFD Load & resistance factor design ASD Allowable strenght design
load combination as EC3 3X = 1.2(40 kips) + 1.6(120 kips) NSd=1067kN 3D = 40 kips + 120 kips
NSd=712kN
Pu- required axial strenght = 240 kips 1067kN = 160 kips 712kN
using LRFD combinations
load combination as EC3 Note: according to C1 global
%XLOW8S6HFWLRQ3URSHUWLHVLJQRULQJILOOHWZHOGV Pa- required axial strenght stabilty shall be assessed with
using ASD combinations LRFD or 1.6*ASD
$J 2(102 in.)(a in.) + 74 in.(4 in.)
= 9.69 in.2 A=6251.6mm2 Cross-section area

Because the unbraced length is the same for both axes, the weak axis will govern.

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     E-17

ª  a in.102 in.3 º  74 in.4 in.3

,\ 2« » Iz=3014cm4 Moment of inertia
«¬ 12 »¼ 12
4
= 72.4 in.

,\
U\
$
72.4 in.4 iz=69.342mm Radius of gyration
9.69 in.2
= 2.73 in.
4 in. 74 in. 2 102 in. a in.
3 3

,[ = 2 102 in. a in. 3.81 in. +

2
+
12 12
= 122 in.4 Iy=5078cm4 Moment of inertia
:HE6OHQGHUQHVV

Determine the limiting slenderness ratio, OU, from AISC 6SHFLILFDWLRQ Table B4.1a case 5:

(
OU 1.49 EC 3 classifies cross sections based on its geometry and stresses.
)\
Subsquent strenght calculations are a function of this classification.
29, 000 ksi A reduction factor χ (used to determine the buckling resistance) is
1.49 based on a slenderness factor λ
50 ksi
= 35.9
To conclude both standards classify the section for local buckling effects.
K
O
WZ
74 in.
4 in.
= 29.0

O  O U ; therefore, the web is not slender.

Note that the fillet welds are ignored in the calculation of K for built up sections.

)ODQJH6OHQGHUQHVV

Calculate NF.
4
NF from AISC 6SHFLILFDWLRQ Table B4.1b note [a]
K WZ
4
74 in. 4 in.
= 0.743, where 0.35 M NF M 0.76 o.k.

Use NF 0.743

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E-18

Determine the limiting slenderness ratio, OU, from AISC 6SHFLILFDWLRQ Table B4.1a case 2.

NF (
OU 0.64
)\
29, 000 ksi(0.743)
0.64
50 ksi
= 13.3

E
O
W
5.25 in.
a in.
= 14.0

O ! O U ; therefore, the flanges are slender

For compression members with slender elements, Section E7 of the AISC 6SHFLILFDWLRQ applies. The nominal
compressive strength, 3Q, shall be determined based on the limit states of flexural, torsional and flexural-torsional
buckling. Depending on the slenderness of the column, AISC 6SHFLILFDWLRQ Equation E7-2 or E7-3 applies. )H is
used in both equations and is calculated as the lesser of AISC 6SHFLILFDWLRQ Equations E3-4 and E4-4.

From AISC 6SHFLILFDWLRQCommentary Table C-A-7.1, for a pinned-pinned condition, . 1.0.

Because the unbraced length is the same for both axes, the weak axis will govern.

. \ /\ 1.0 15.0 ft  § 12 in. ·

¨ ¸
U\ 2.73 in. © ft ¹
= 65.9

(ODVWLF&ULWLFDO6WUHVV)HIRU)OH[XUDO%XFNOLQJ

S2 (
)H = 2
Ncr - elastic critical buckling (6SHF. Eq. E3-4)
§ ./ ·
¨ ¸
© U ¹ EC 3 requires the calculation of flexural buckling (Euler), torsional and torsional-
S2  29, 000 ksi  flexural buckling. The Ncr is the minimum of the relevant buckling modes.
=
 65.9 
2

= 65.9 ksi 454.4 MPa

(ODVWLF&ULWLFDO6WUHVV)HIRU7RUVLRQDO%XFNOLQJ

Note: This limit state is not likely to govern, but the check is included here for completeness.

From the User Note in AISC 6SHFLILFDWLRQ Section E4,

, \ KR 2
&Z =
4
72.4 in.4 (7.63 in.) 2
=
4
= 1,050 in.6

From AISC Design Guide 9, Equation 3.4,

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E-19

EW 3
- =¦
3
2 102 in. a in. + 74 in. 4 in.
3 3

=
3
= 0.407 in.4

ª S2 (&Z º 1
)H = « + *- » (6SHF. Eq. E4-4)
¬«  . ] /  ¼» , [ +, \
2

ª S2  29, 000 ksi 1, 050in.6  º§ ·

+ 11, 200 ksi  0.407 in.4  » ¨
1
=« 4 ¸
«¬ 180in. »¼ ©  ¹
2 4
122in. 72.4in.
= 71.2 ksi > 65.9 ksi Minimum value as EC3
490.9 MPa
Therefore, use )H = 65.9 ksi. 454.4MPa

6OHQGHUQHVV5HGXFWLRQ)DFWRU4

4 = 4V4D from AISC 6SHFLILFDWLRQ Section E7, where 4D = 1.0 because the web is not slender.

Calculate 4V, the unstiffened element (flange) reduction factor from AISC 6SHFLILFDWLRQ Section E7.1(b).

Determine the proper equation for 4V by checking limits for AISC 6SHFLILFDWLRQ Equations E7-7 to E7-9.

E
14.0 as previously calculated These a general provisions for members for compression.
W
(NF 29, 000 ksi(0.743)
0.64 0.64
)\ 50 ksi
= 13.3

(NF 29, 000 ksi(0.743)

1.17 1.17
)\ 50 ksi
= 24.3
(NF E (NF
0.64 < M 1.17 therefore, AISC 6SHFLILFDWLRQ Equation E7-8 applies
)\ W )\

§ E · )\
4V 1.415  0.65 ¨ ¸ (6SHF. Eq. E7-8)
© W ¹ (NF
50 ksi
1.415  0.65 14.0 
 29, 000 ksi  0.743
= 0.977

4 4V4D
= 0.977(1.0)
= 0.977

1RPLQDO&RPSUHVVLYH6WUHQJWK

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E-20

( 29, 000 ksi

4.71 4.71
4)\ 0.977  50 ksi 
= 115 > 65.9, therefore, AISC 6SHFLILFDWLRQ Equation E7-2 applies

ª 4)\
º The critical stress is based on the elastic buckling stress Fe. Fe is also
)FU 4 « 0.658 )H » )\ reduced. (6SHF. Eq. E7-2)
«¬ »¼
0.977  50 ksi 
ª º
0.977 «0.658 65.9 ksi »  50 ksi 
¬« ¼»
= 35.8 ksi

3Q = )FU$J Nb.Rd=1543.5kN (6SHF. Eq. E7-1)

= 35.8 ksi(9.69 in.2)
= 347 kips

From AISC 6SHFLILFDWLRQ Section E1, the available compressive strength is:
Note that the LRFD method meets results of EC3
LRFD ASD
IF = 0.90 γM1=1.1....1/1.1=0.91 :F = 1.67
IF 3Q 0.90  347 kips  3Q 347 kips
= 312 kips > 240 kips o.k. :F 1.67
1387.85kN = 208 kips > 160 kips o.k.
925kN
Note: Built-up sections are generally more expensive than standard rolled shapes; therefore, a standard compact
shape, such as a W8u35 might be a better choice even if the weight is somewhat higher. This selection could be
taken directly from AISC 0DQXDO Table 4-1.

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