People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria ‫الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية‬

Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research ‫وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي‬
Mohamed Lamine Debaghine Sétif 2 University 2‫جامعة محمد لمين دباغين سطيف‬ 1
Faculty of Letters and Languages ‫كلية اآلداب واللغات‬
Departement of English Language and Literature ‫قسم اللغة واألدب اإلنجليزي‬

ETHICS & DEONTOLOGY Week 06

UNIT FOUR: Plagiarism and Research Ethics

4.1. Cheating and Plagiarism

4.2. Definition of Plagiarism
4.3. Types of Plagiarism
4.4. How to Avoid Plagiarism

4.1. Cheating and Plagiarism

Students are responsible for familiarizing themselves with the University Code
of Student Conduct, as on enrollment with the University the student has placed
themselves under the policies and regulations of the University and all of its
duly constituted bodies. Disciplinary authority is exercised through the Student
Conduct Committee. The Committee has procedures in place for hearing
allegations of misconduct. Copies of the student conduct code are available at
the Student Services Office.

Academic dishonesty is never condoned by the University. This includes cheating

and plagiarism, which violate the Student Conduct Code and could result in
expulsion or failing the course.

Cheating includes but is not limited to obtaining or giving unauthorized help

during an examination, getting unauthorized information about the contents of
an examination before it is administered, using unauthorized sources of
information during an examination, altering or falsifying the record of any
grades, altering or supplying answers after an examination has been handed in,
falsifying any official University record, and misrepresenting the facts to get
exemptions from or extensions to course requirements.

Plagiarism includes but is not limited to submitting any paper or other document,
to satisfy an academic requirement, which has been copied either in whole or in
part from someone else’s work without identifying that person; failing to
identify as a quotation a documented idea that has not been thoroughly
assimilated into the student's language and style, or paraphrasing a passage so
closely that the reader could be misled as to the source; submitting the same
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written or oral material in different courses without
obtaining authorization from the lecturers involved; or 'dry-labbing', which
includes obtaining and using experimental data from fellow students without the
express consent of the lecturer, utilizing experimental data and laboratory
write-ups from other parts of the course or from previous terms during which
the course was conducted, and fabricating data to fit the expected results.

Source of the text: www.usingenglish.com

4.2. Plagiarism

Plagiarism refers to fraud, cheating in research, research misconduct,

fabrication, and /or falsification of information.

‘Plagiarism is the practice of taking someone else’s work or ideas and passing
them off as one’s own.’ —New Oxford American Dictionary

‘Plagiarism means to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one’s
own; to use (another’s production) without crediting the source.’ —Merriam–
Webster Dictionary

4.3. Types of Plagiarism

There are different types of plagiarism. The following are just some examples
(source: www.bowdoin.edu):

Direct / Deliberate Plagiarism

Direct plagiarism is a word-for-word copy of a section of someone else’s work,
without acknowledgment or quotation marks.

Self Plagiarism
Self-plagiarism happens when a writer resubmits his own previous work, or mixes
parts of previous works.

Mosaic or Patchwork Plagiarism

Mosaic Plagiarism takes place when a writer uses phrases from a source without
using quotation marks, or uses synonyms for the original writer’s language while
maintaining the same general structure and meaning of the original piece.
Accidental Plagiarism
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Accidental plagiarism occurs when a writer neglects to cite resources, or
accidentally paraphrases a source by using similar words, and/or sentence
structure without acknowledgment.

Source-based Plagiarism

This type of plagiarism refers to cases when misleading resources are involved.
For example, the writer may have two sources of information but only reference
one. Another example of source-based plagiarism is when an author quotes a
non-existent or incorrect source.

Hired Plagiarism

Hired plagiarism occurs when someone pays someone else to write an essay or a
research paper for him/her. This type of plagiarism includes also buying essays
from internet sites and/or essay-writing services.

Borrowed Plagiarism

Borrowed plagiarism occurs when someone borrows someone else’s essay or a

research paper and uses it as his/her own work.

Collaboration Plagiarism

This type of plagiarism occurs when a group of people collaborate on a project /

research paper and each one or everybody acts like it was done alone.

4.4. How to Avoid Plagiarism?

Attached to this unit is a reading comprehension article about how you can avoid
plagiarism in future!