MARINE

ENGINEERING
ORALS
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Wednesday, July 9, 2008

MEO CLASS 4 PAST QUESTION EKG

SOME EKG QUESTION CLASS 4 FOR ANSWERS

CONTACT ME
Question
Describe the boiler fuel burning system and indicate the effect of the following
Air supply insufficient
Air supply excessive
Presence of water in oil
Excessively high oil temperature

Question
With .reference to Electro-hydraulic steering gear:
Discuss the possible reasons for and effects of EACH of the following faults:
Excessive hunting; Sluggish operation
(b) Explain any precautions that may be necessary when operating a four ram
steering gear on two rams only.

Question
Describe the checks you would make while taking over a E\R. watch at sea
Under what condition would you refuse to
Take over
Hand over

Question
Sketch and explain the parts of a shell and tube type lubricating oil cooler
showing how the oil and water flow path and material for each part
Explain how expansion and contraction of the tube stack of the cooler is
accommodated

Question
Sketch a combustion gas system, suitable for inerting the cargo spaces of a
vessel.
Describe the operation of this system.
State the percentage analysis by volume of the inert gas generated by the
system in Q (a).

Question
Sketch and describe a high pressure cut-out in a refrigeration system.
b) The refrigeration compressor has stopped due to operation of the h. p. cut-out.
Explain
(i) The possible causes.
(ii) How these causes would be found and possible remedies.
(c) What steps are taken if the compressor "short-cycle" on low pressure cut-out?

Question
Sketch and describe a fresh water system of a ship
What provision are made to make the water portable

Question
Explain the term water hammer indicating possible effect on the system
State how the risk of water hammer may be avoided
State with reasons why testing and treatment of boiler water is essential
State with reason how boiler problem may be minimized if no water treatment is
immediately available and a stem supply must be maintained

Question
W.R.T. centrifugal pumps
Sketch a typical discharge characteristic showing variation of throughput as
discharge head is varied
Explain W.R.T. pump characteristic curves the effect of the following on pump
performance
Pump started with delivery valve shut
Pump started with suction valve shut

Question Nov 2006

Describe, with the aid of a sketch, a two stage air compressor
Draw a set of typical indicator diagram and insert the various pressure and temp
Indicate the effect of a leaking H.P. suction valve and excessive H.P. clearance
volume

Question
W.r.t. the carriage of crude oil and its associated products
Sketch an explosimeter or combustion gas indicator which can be used to check
the atmosphere of a tank or pumproom.
ii) Describe the explosimeter and its operation
iii) State reason that may cause the explosimeter to give a false reading
b) For flammable mixtures, explain the meaning of the terms lower and upper
flammable limits

Question
Sketch a hunting gear as fitted to a hydraulic steering gear labeling the principle
items
Explain the purpose of the hunting gear
State how worn pins in hunting gear affect steering gear operation

Question
Explain the action of each of the following metallurgical mechanisms.
Creep
Brinnelling
Fretting
Fretting corrosion-
b) State with reasons where each of the mechanisms in a) may occur in a ship
propulsion system.
Question
With the aid of a suitable sketch explain the purpose of fitting a gravity disc in a
purifier
What are the parameter on which the size of gravity disc depends and what are
the consequences of fitting a wrong size disc?

Question
Name method of F.W. generation on board ship
Sketch and describe any one method what treatment is give to render it fit for
drinking

Question
With respect to auxiliary boiler water level maintenance and indication, describe,
with the aid of sketches, the sensing devices for:
A feed pump control;
Local water level;
Remote water level,
Low and high water level alarms.
Question
With reference to large-starting air receivers:
(a) List the mountings;
(b) Routine checks carried out by a watch keeper;
(c) Explain where corrosion is likely to occur and state why it occurs in these
regions;
(d) State how the incidence of corrosion in air receivers might be minimized;

Question
With reference to an emergency generator state:
(a) Its location;
(b) Methods of automatic starting;
(c) The time available for starting and connection of power to switchboard
(d) Angles of heel and trim up to which it must be capable of operating;
(e) The length of time it must be capable of supplying emergency power.

Question
How does the cargo pumping system of a chemical product carrier differ from
that of crude oil a tanker?
Sketch the cargo pumping system of a chemical product carrier.

Question
With .reference to Electro-hydraulic steering gear:
Discuss the possible reasons for and effects of EACH of the following faults:
Excessive hunting; Sluggish operation
(b) Explain any precautions that may be necessary when operating a four ram
steering gear on two rams only.

Question
Sketch an outboard type oil seal suitable for an oil filled stern tube, indicating the
principle components
Explain how the seal above compensates for wear of the seal faces and
maintains oil tightness
What is the effect of seawater contamination of stern tube oil and how
contamination can be reduced
State the physical properties required for bearing material in oil filled stern tube

Question
State the physical properties required for bearing material in oil filled stern tube

Question MARCH 2007

Draw a detailed sketch of direct expansion two room refrigeration system and
explain its operation.
Automatic freon system

Question
Describe how the following conditions are prevented in auxiliary boilers:
(a) Feed contamination by oil from heating coil drains,
(b) Internal corrosion,
(c) Furnace blowback,
(d) Uptake fire.

Question
(a) State the effects of varying the percentage of Carbon in steel.
(b) Explain the significance of alloying iron with Chromium, Molybdenum, Nickel
and Silicon separately.

Question
Explain with sketch the operation of an automatic expansion valve as fitted in the
direct expansion refrigeration plants. How is this valve adjusted?
Explain how critical temperature restricts plant operation and how these
limitations can be overcome?
Explain how this system maintains the provision rooms at different temperatures?

Question FEB 2007

An auxiliary boiler water level control system has a differential pressure
transmitter as the detecting element for water level.
(a) Sketch and describe such an arrangement.
(b) If the transmitter was damaged describe how a replacement unit would be
calibrated.

Question JAN 2007

Sketch an auxiliary boiler 'blow down' valve. Explain how it differs from its
shipside counterpart. Describe the sequence of 'blow down' procedure.

Question JAN 2007

Sketch a nozzle/flapper device used for the generation of a pneumatic signal
labeling the component parts.
Describe the operation of the device in(a) above.

Question DEC 2006, emergency set 2006

Draw line diagram of a feed water system for an auxiliary boiler, labeling all the
principal items and showing the direction of flow.
Explain how feed supply to the boiler is regulated? Explain rising water level
characteristics of level control.
State what preventive and corrective measures may be taken if oil contamination
of the feed water takes place?

Question DEC, Emergency set 2006

Explain why each of the following features is considered desirable for air
compressors:
(a) A single-throw crank for a multi-stage compressor;
(b) Minimum clearance volume;
(c) Multi tubular inter-stage cooler,
(d) Generous size of suction filter

Question Class 4 DEC, NOV, Emergency set 2006

Outline the tests that are carried out on specimens of steel for ships plate.
Explain the significance of each of the tests described in above.

Question DEC, emergency set 2006

With reference to centrifugal pumps:
1) Sketch typical discharge characteristics showing variation of throughput as
discharge head and speeds are altered.
2) State the relevance, of the discharge characteristics for the selection of an
emergency fire pump.

Question DEC 2006, Emergency set 2006

Reverse osmosis is the modern alternative for shipboard production of drinking
water
Describe using simple diagrams if necessary, the principle of reverseosmosis.
1) Sketch a line diagram showing a single pass system for producingfresh water
from seawater
2) Describe such a system

Question DEC, Emergency set 2006

With reference to electric arc welding
Draw a labeled sectional sketch of a satisfactory butt weld

Question DEC 2006, SEPT 2006, Emergency set 2006

With reference to the feed and contents of auxiliary boilers explain the
significance of:
(a) Dissolved solids,
(b) Alkalinity,
(c) Chlorides,
(d) Hardness.
State what are the likely consequences of neglecting any one of these factors.

Question DEC 2006

What will be the effect on the performance of deck machinery, if hydraulic oil has
the following problem?
Fresh water contamination
Sea water contamination
High temperature
Air in the system
Dust in the system

Question DEC, Emergency set 2006

With reference to a typical shipboard refrigeration system;
(a) Sketch the arrangement which controls superheat temp of refrigerant gas
leaving the evaporator
(b) Describe the operation of the arrangement sketched in (a) assuming Freon 22
is the working medium
(c) Explain the purpose of the equalizing connection

Question NOV 2006

Explain the term water hammer indicating possible effect on the system
State how the risk of water hammer may be avoided
State with reasons why testing and treatment of boiler water is essential
State with reason how boiler problem may be minimized if no water treatment is
immediately available and a stem supply must be maintained

Question NOV 2006

W.R.T. centrifugal pumps
Sketch a typical discharge characteristic showing variation of through put as
discharge head is varied
Explain W.R.T. pump characteristic curve the effect of the following on pump
performance
Pump started with delivery valve shut
Pump started with suction valve shut

Question Nov 2006

Describe, with the aid of a sketch, a two stage air compressor
Draw a set of typical indicator diagram and insert the various pressure and temp
Indicate the effect of a leaking H.P. suction valve and excessive H.P. clearance
volume

Question Nov 2006 check page 324

W.r.t. the carriage of crude oil and its associated products
Sketch an explosimeter or combustion gas indicator which can be used to check
the atmosphere of a tank or pumproom.
ii) Describe the explosimeter and its operation
iii) State reason that may cause the explosimeter to give a false reading
b) For flammable mixtures, explain the meaning of the terms lower and upper
flammable limits

Question Nov 2006

State why the presence of oil in boiler water is considered serious
Suggest likely sources of oil contamination
Describe how the source is traced
Describe how the whole steam plant is restored to oil free condition

Question NOV 2006

Draw a diagram of a 4 ram hydraulic steering gear showing
Pump isolating valves
Relief \ shock valves
By pass valve
Explain the operation of the system sketched
Indicate in the diagram the valve position for operation of the system when one
pump is isolated and the unit is operating on 2 rams only
Question NOV 2006
Name method of F.W. generation on board ship
Sketch and describe any one method what treatment is give to render it fit for
drinking
Method of F.W. generation on board ship Reverse Osmosis (RO), and distillation

Question Sr 8 2006
With regards to keeping the gas side of a boiler in good condition discuss each of
the following
The mechanism of combustion stating the factors which are important for good
combustion
Fuel oil treatment
Soot removal equipment

Question NOV 2006

Sketch a 2ram type hydraulic steering gear with a single electro hydraulic
pumping unit
Show the hunting arrangement and indicate valve position
State the purpose of and describe the operation of
Hydraulic shock \ buffer valve
Oil replenishing tank
Hunting gear

Question S r 8 2006
Sketch a thermostatic valve as fitted in a refrigeration system labeling the
component parts
State where the valve is located in the system
Describe the operation of the control valve

Question sr 8 2006
Sketch and describe a fresh water system of a ship
What provision are made to make the water portable
Figure Domestic fresh and sanitary water system
Question sr 8 2006
Describe the checks you would make while taking over a E\R. watch at sea
Under what condition would you refuse to
Take over
Hand over

Question SEPT 2006

With reference to the feed and contents of auxiliary boilers explain the
significance of:
(a) Dissolved solids,
(b) Alkalinity,
(c) Chlorides,
(d) Hardness.
State what are the likely consequences of neglecting any one of these factors.

Question SEPT 2006

Sketch an automated air conditioning unit labeling the component parts.
With regards to the bacteria harmful to human that may exist in an air
conditioning unit.
State how bacteria can be transmitted throughout the air conditioning system.
State what measures are taken to maintain the system in an acceptable sterile
state?
Describe how the system is maintained and the precautions taken to reduce the
risk of bacterial infection.

Question SEPT 2006

(a) Explain the need for replacing dam ring on a purifier.
(b) Why is purifier driven through friction pad arrangement?
(c) Why is a disc stack required in a purifier bowl?

Question SEPT 2006

Write short notes on:
Quenching
Induction hardening
Fatigue test
Dye penetrate test
Creep test

Question SEPT 2006

(a) Make a line diagram of domestic fresh water purification system from the
evaporator to taps.
(b) State the purposes of the following in the system.
(i) Neuralite unit
(ii) Hypo chlorinator unit
(iii) Sand bed filter unit
(iv) Carbon filter bed unit
Question SEPT 2006
Differentiate between a gate valve and a globe valve with the help of a simple
sketch. State their applications on board.

Question SEPT 2006

Describe how to 'blow down’ and 'open up' an boiler for inspection.
Identify with reasons those parts which normally require especially close
examination during internal inspection.

Question SEPT 2006

Referring where necessary to design, construction and operation, outline the
measures to prevent fires caused by spillage of fuel, lubricating and hydraulic oil,
involving EACH of the following:
Oil units, pumps and fittings;
Overflow arrangements;
Sounding arrangements;
Thermometer fittings;
Heated surfaces;
Electric cables.

Question Sr 5 2006
Explain the concept of pH and the significance of its value in boiler water
chemical conditioning.
State, why the pH value for the condensate is at a different value to that for the
boiler.

Question Sr 5 2006
Discuss the effects of variation of carbon percentage in steel.
Illustrate your answer by a diagram showing the effect of this variation on tensile
strength, percentage elongation and hardness of steel.

Question Sr 5 2006
Most serious hull corrosion is seen to occur in water ballast tanks, especially in
tankers, keeping this in view discuss -
(a) The causes that lead to corrosion attack;
(b) Effect of ambient temperature and age of the vessel on the rate of corrosion;
(c) Preventive measures adopted to keep corrosion in cheek.

Question Sr 5 2006
With reference to electro-hydraulic steering gears:
(a) Explain in terms of control parlance the function of the 'hunting gear';
(b) Explain the consequences if the standby pumping unit is motored;
(c) State TWO methods employed to prevent the standby hydraulic pump being
motored by the operating unit.
Question Sr 5 2006
With regard to a reciprocating refrigerator compressor:
(a) Sketch the mechanical shaft seal showing its component parts and how it is
lubricated.
Mechanical seal
(b) Describe the sealing arrangement, stating what materials you would use for
the component parts.
(c) State why the seal is fitted and what factors can cause its failure.
(d) What is the effect on the environment of the release of refrigerants into the
atmosphere?

Question Sr 5 2006
(a) Explain the operation of an automatic self cleaning centrifuge. Detailed
sketches should be used for your explanation, labelling the principal components
and indicating the directional flow of all the fluids.
(b) Explain how the dam ring contributes to efficient centrifuging with reference to
oils of different specific gravity.

Question sr 5 2006
With reference to pipe system
Enumerate the various material used and the type of deterioration likely
Describe how corrosion is reduced
How erosion minimized

Question Sr 5 2006
Describe the boiler fuel burning system and indicate the effect of the following
Air supply insufficient
Air supply excessive
Presence of water in oil
Excessively high oil temperature

Question Sr 4 2006
With reference to auxiliary boiler safety valves:
Describe how the valves are set to lift at the desired pressure under steam
Describe the precaution to be taken to ensure that the valve cannot be tampered
with after setting is completed:
Explain how safety Valves can be opened manually in an emergency.

Question Sr 4 2006
(a) Draw a line diagram of the engine room section of a bilge system for a
passenger or cargo vessel including the connection of oily-water separator; label
the principal items.
(b) State-
(i) What type of valves are fitted in the bilge system and why? State the material
of construction of the valves.
(ii) The means used in passenger vessel-to reduce flooding risk by way of bilge
system in the event of collision,
(iii)The type of pump ideally used to discharge through the oily-water separator.

Question Sr 4 2006
With reference to Refrigeration systems:
(a) Explain what happens in the condenser and evaporator.
(b) Explain why the refrigerant temperature changes from one side of the
expansion valve to the other side
(c) With reference to a thermostatic expansion valve explain what is meant by the
term 'Superheat Setting'.

Question
Explain why weighted cocks fitted on tank sounding pipes,
Remote operated gear for bilge valve
Ventilation pipe

Question Sr 4 2006
With reference to Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Carriers, describe the following
(a) Emergency shut down system.
(b) Gas detection system-fixed and portable.

Question Sr 4 2006
With reference to hydraulic steering gears:
(a) Briefly define each of the following: (i) Single failure concept;
(iij 100 per cent redundancy.
(b) Sketch a line diagram of the actuators and their associated hydraulic system
for a hydraulic steering gear capable of 100 per cent redundancy.

Question
(a) State TWO methods of determining the presence of oxygen and the effects of
oxygen in-boiler water
(b) State TWO advantages and TWO disadvantages of each method.
(c) Explain the chemical actions of each method.
(d) What other means are adopted to eliminate oxygen from the system.

Question Sr 3 2006also Sr 11 2005

(a) Describe each of following:
(i) Work hardening
(ii) Nitriding
(iii) Cold working.
(iv) Normalising
(b) With reference to the component parts of shipboard machinery and
equipment, state with reason, TWO examples of where EACH of (a), (i) (ii), (iii)
and (iv) may by used.
Question Sr 3 2006
With reference to hydraulic deck machinery:
(a)State the sources for contamination of the system;
(b) Describe possible effects due to contamination,
(c) Explain how the oil can be monitored by ships staff.
Possible cause of contamination in the hydraulic system are ingress of water,
metal particles from general wear, dirt, grease, also oxidation products from
overheated oil , air in the system.

Question Sr 3 2006
With regard to evaporators for low temperature production of water for domestic
consumption, state:
Why they should not be operated in costal waters.
Reasons for sterilization of the product.
The usual treatment to make the water potable.
Reason why scale formation is not a major problem.
Ways of minimizing scale formation or otherwise dealing with it.

Question Sr2 2006

(a) Describe how EACH of the following boiler water conditions are controlled:
(i) Alkalinity
(ii) Phosphate reserve
(iii) Oxygen content,
(b) Explain why it is necessary to maintain EACH if the conditions in (a) within
close limits.

Question
With, reference to main refrigeration plant give reason for each of the following
operational
irregularities and state how these are dealt with: -
(a) Rapid loss of lubricating oil from the crankcase of a " vee " block compressor,
(b) Steady “fall off" in refrigeration effect over a comparatively short period of
time;
(c) Excessive " icing up " at compressor suction;
(d) Shore cycling

Question
With reference to carriage and pumping of liquefied cargo :
a) Explain a suitable pumping system.
b) (i) Why are submerged hydraulically-driven pumps not used for liquefied gas
cargo?
(ii) How is overheating of pump shaft bearing avoided?
c) State how risk of fire and explosion in cargo tanks is obviated, both in loaded
and discharged condition.

Question
Explain why it is essential to ensure adequate cooling of air compressor cylinders
inter cooler and after cooer
State with reason the possible consequence of prolonged operation of the
compressor if these areas are not adequately cooled

Question
Describe with sketches an air-conditioning plant.
Explain in details how humidity is measured and controlled.

Question
Discuss the properties required by L.O for use in;
Auxiliary diesel engines,
Stern tube bearings,
Refrigeration compressors
Give reason for the differing properties of the oils recommended for these three
purposes.

Question
Sketch a steering gear arrangement capable of 100% redundancy
Describe the operation of the arrangement in above q when the working pump oil
manifold develops a serious leak
Describe the arrangement to indicate the loss of hydraulic fluid due to leakage

Question
Q a) i) Sketch a simple cross section through a single stage centrifugal pump
with a fully shrouded single entry impeller naming the component parts and
indicating the direction of fluid flow.
ii) Describe:
1) The function of the impeller and how suction is created by it;
2) The function of the volute casing;
b) State the suction lift that may be expected from the type of pump sketched in
a).
c) State why some centrifugal pumps have:
i) A double volute casing:
ii) A diffuser ring.

Question
With reference to main air reservoir
Sketch in detail the manner in which mountings are attached to the shell
Explain why regular inspection is advisable
Differentiate between the specific functions of relief valves and fusible plugs

Question
Sketch an automatic sprinkler system for combating fire in passanger spaces on
a ship and state:
The safety devices incorporated in the system.
How the system is charged.
The parameters governing the volume of the pressure tank,d.) Mean s provided
to prevent the passage of seawater into the"
pressure tank.

Question 2006 Sept

Sketch a combustion gas system, suitable for inerting the cargo spaces of a
vessel.
Describe the operation of this system.
State the percentage analysis by volume of the inert gas generated by the
system in Q (a).
State how it is ensured that a positive pressure is maintained during cargo
discharge
Why is inert gas system you have described not suitable for machinery space
fixed fire fighting system?

Question
Sketch and describe two methods that employ manometric means for measuring
tank contents
State what corrections are made to the readings obtained by the methods
described in (a) inorder to gauge mass contents
Explain how bunkering requirements may be estimated when no records of M/E
fuel consumption are available on board.

Question
With ref to a tubular heat exchanger; state the various types used on board ship
and explain with sketches how the construction, flow pattern, baffles, differ from
each other depending upon the medium in use.

Question
With reference to a central cooling system:
Sketch a line diagram of a typical system.
Describe the system.
State the advantages of the system
Question
With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in a passenger shi p
Describe a typical power source;
Give a typical list of essential services which must be suppliedsimultaneously.
c) Explain how the emergency installation can be periodically tested

Question
Give reason for
Desludging operation not taking place
vibration or abnormal sound happens
Lubricating oil has been emulsified or amount of lubricating oil has been reduced.

Question Sr 11 2005
You have recently joined a vessel as junior watch engineer and have been
requested to inspect the steering system
Describe the detailed inspection you would carry out to ascertain that the system
is in good operation condition

Question Sr11 2005

Sketch a line diagram of the lubricating system for an oil filled stern tube of the
type fitted in a ship which has a large change in draught including any special
arrangement made for lubricating the forward seal
suitable for a ship with large changes in draught

QUESTION
(a) Outline the manufacturing process for the production of steel suitable for
ships shell plating.
(b) (i) Sketch a simple iron-carbon equilibrium diagram and indicate a typical
composition of ships steel.
(ii) Sketch the micro-structure of this steel.

Question
Sketch and describe a high pressure cut-out in a refrigeration system.
(b) The refrigeration compressor has stopped due to operation of the h. p. cut-
out. Explain –
(i) The possible causes.
(ii) How these causes would be found and possible remedies.
(c) What steps are taken if the compressor "short-cycle" on low pressure cut-out?

Question
With reference to impress Current method of protecting ships hull form corrosion
Sketch and describe a fully automated impress current
Sketch a simple transverse section of the hull and show direction of current flow
through the system
How are the propulsion and maneuvering system proted from carrion in the
arrangement

Question
Give reasons for each of the following conditions in a domestic refrigeration unit:-
Excessive high pressure at compressor discharge,
Heavy 'icing up' of the crankcase,
Excessive vacuum at compressor suction,
Continual starting and stopping of the compressor,

Question
With reference to cargo tanks of oil tanker
The purpose of pressure vacuum valve
Sketch a high velocity vent
Describe the operation of this vent and why such a device is used
Explain:
The dangers of venting during the loading via open tank hatches
Why the pressure / vacuum valve is not used for venting

Question
With reference to SOLAS-74 amendments 2000 enumerate with respect to fire
pumps the Requirements for the following:
(a) Location of the space
(b) Access to the emergency fire pump
c) Ventilation of the emergency fire pump space
(d) Additional fire pumps for cargo ships
(e) Capacity of fire pump.

Question
With reference to equipment supplied to detect and combat hold fires in dry
cargo ships :
State how fires are dealt with bearing in mind that cargo quantity varies.

Question
Explain the following terms and give examples of where each condition might
occur
Stress Corrosion
CORROSION FATIGUE
CREEP

Question
Explain why the air supplied to a pneumatic control system must be free 'from
dust and water. Mention the possible consequences if the air supply is
contaminated and describe how these impurities are removed.

Question
Shock loading , wastage, corrosion and erosion can be a problem in Bilge,
ballast and sewage circulating systems . Explain how these factors are taken into
consideration-with regard to each of the following:
a)- Materials used for ship side seawater inlet valves
b) Materials used for pipe systems.
c) Pipe-system design-and installation.

Question
Ships are provided with an independent diesel or electric or air operated
emergency fire pump
(a) State three areas in which emergency fire pumps are commonly installed and
give reasons why
(b) Describe with aid of a simple sketch an air pump or primer used to initiate
suction when the fire pump is situated above sea water level. What suction lift
would you except from a single stage pump system
(c ) State the water jet output capacity that the pump must be capable of
(d) State how it can be ensured that the fire pump is kept in good working order
(e) State what precautions must be taken in sub zero temperatures

Question
a) Sketch a fully automated air conditioning system. With reference to an air
conditioning system
1) Describe how conditioned air is maintained within the comfort range and state
the effects on the crew of air which is too dry
2) State how the harmful bacteria are eliminated from this system.

Question
An auxiliary boiler water level control system has a differential pressure
transmitter as the detecting element for water level.
(a) Sketch and describe such an arrangement.
(b) If the transmitter was damaged describe how a replacement unit would be
calibrated.

Question
State the effect of varying the percentage of carbon in steel
Explain the significance of alloying iron with chromium molybdenum nickel and
silicon separately

Question
Sketch and describe a pneumatically operated control valve
Explain how the valve is operated if the controller fails.
Discuss the routine maintenance required for these valves

Question
(a) Draw a block diagram for a fully automated accommodation air conditioning
unit, labelling the component parts and indicating the directions of air flow.
(b) Explain why the unit includes means of dehumidification and humidification.
(c) A chart is used for ensuring the accommodation conditions are within the so
called Comfort Zone: what useful information does the chart give.

Question
Sketch and describe a valve suitable for reducing air pressure and maintaining
the reduced pressure within close limits.
Describe the processes through which air from the starting air receivers should
be treated before it is used in a pneumatic control system.

Question
a) Explain how and why the performance of reciprocating air compressors
tends to fall off in service. b)State how 'fall off is indicated and to what extent
permissible before correction; c)Describe how optimum performance is restored.
Question
Why piston ring freedom and condition is important
Why piston ring should be free in piston
Why correct clearance volume is critical to performance
Why suction abd delivery valve are manintained in good condition

Question
W.R.T Aux boiler water level maintenance and indication describe a sensing
device for
Feed pump control
Local water level
Remote Water Level Indicators

Notes on
Stress Corrosion
Fretting Corrosion
Pitting Corrosion
Corrosion Fatigue

EFFECT OF ALLOYING ELEMENTS

Nickel
Chromium
Molybdenum
Vanadium

Question
Explain reason for using CP propel
With dia explain how pitch of propeller is controlled

Question
Make a diagrammatic sketch of an exhaust gas boiler.
Describe its construction and explain how it is maintained in an efficient
condition.

Question
Describe with the aid of a line diagram the layout and component of a hydraulic
system suitable for operation of deck machinery
Explain how the hydraulic system pressure is controlled assuming the use of a
variable delivery pump
State which design of hydraulic motor is used in the system described

HIGH SEA AND LOW SEA SUCTION

Question
Explain the following types of corrosion
Stress corrosion fatigue corrosion fretting corrosion pitting corrosion
What are the factors accelerating corrosion
Expain the method of prevention of ships hull corrosion
How heat exchangers are protected from effect of corrosion

Question
W.R.T to plate type heat exchangers
State the advantage and disadvantages compared with tube type heat
excahbngers
State the likely causes of plate leakages
State hw it can be ascertained that the plate stack is correctly tightened and likely
result of excessive tightening
Explain why the heat exchanging properties are good relative to tubular HE

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Labels: MEO EKG CL 4 QUESTION

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MEO EK MOTOR ORAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

MEO EK MOTOR ORAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS size=2>SOME SAMPLE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON EK MOTOR

Question.

The precision engineering bearing inserts are manufactured with small portion of bearing ends extending

beyond the bearing housing or caps. The installation process of these bearings requires sufficient 

Answer. Crush.

This is applicable in modern thin-shelled bearings.

The precision engineering bearing inserts are manufactured with small portion of bearing ends extending

beyond the bearing housing or caps by approximately 0.3mm.

As the bearing shell are in two halves and are thin-shelled they cannot support the shaft on their own and

require backing-up support from the bearing housing.

For this reason it is necessary to have full contact with the back of the bearing and the bearing keep.

Therefore during the installation process of these bearings crush is provided to achieve this. It also prevents

the rotation of the shelf in the housing due to the rotation of the shaft.

Question.

The method of piston cooling in which oil is delivered through the connecting rod to a compartment within

the piston, then distributed by the motion of the piston and allowed to drain to the crankcase via one or

more pipes or holes is termed as

Answer. Shaker method of cooling of the piston.

In shaker method of piston cooling, it is actual movement of the piston which causes the movement of oil

in the piston.

The oil outlet from the piston crown cooling space is kept at higher level than that of inlet. Hence some oil

is always retained in cooling spaces.

This oil is splashed against the underside of the hot crown as the piston moves up and down so as to have

better cooling of the piston crown.

This spraying action is done due to the movement of the piston.

This is very efficient piston cooling method.

Nowadays, new Sulzer engine is employing the combination of shaker and nozzle cooling method and has

reported to have reduction in piston crown temperature.

 

Question.

The piston rod scrapper box incorporated in two-strokes cycle crosshead diesel engine serves to

Answer. (c) prevent the sludge and dirty oil from entering the crankcase.

In two-stroke crosshead engines, under-piston scavenge space are separated from crankcase by use of

diaphragm.

Under-piston scavenge space gets accumulated with unburnt carbon, unburnt fuel and mixture oil in the

form of sludge. If this finds its way into crankcase, then crankcase oil will get deteriorated. Hence stuffing

box with scrapper and sealing rings is mounted on the diaphragm through which reciprocating piston rod

passes thus scrapping off and preventing the entry of sludge into the crankcase. Also it prevents the

crankcase oil into the under-piston space hence preventing the loss of crankcase oil.

Question.

In large slow speed main propulsion diesel engines which of the parts listed is under tension when the

engine is running?

Answer. Tierods.

The job of the tierods is to hold bedplate column, entablature under compression so as to prevent the

relative movement between these parts. When the engine is running hence these parts are tied together and

are kept under compression by use of tierods. While doing so, the tierods itself gets into tension. Hence the

firing load is transferred to the bedplate and ship structure.

 
Question.

The main advantage of unit injector over other fuel injection system is

Answer. lack of high pressure fuel lines.

In case of unit injectors, which is a combination of fuel pump and fuel valve, as the fuel valve is not

separately mounted away from the fuel pump, there is no need to provide a connecting high pressure oil

carrying fuel between the fuel pump and fuel injector. This combination improves safety and chances of

high-pressure fuel leakages also reduces. Also the possibility of fire due to leaky high-pressure pipes is

reduced.

Question.

The passages are drilled in the crankshaft of diesel engines to provide lubricating oil to

Answer.  The main bearings, connecting rod bearings and piston pin bushings.

Crankshaft moves in the main bearings. At the same time the connecting rod big end bearings moves over

the crankpin. Also the connecting rod top end bearing moves over the piston pin bushing. As there is

relative movement between these parts, friction always exists between them. In order to reduce the friction

and remove the heat generated due to small amounts of film friction that may exist, it is necessary to supply

sufficient quantity of lubricating oil to all these three parts so as to have a film lubrication which will

separate the moving parts from the stationary bearings. At the same time, it will provide sufficient amount

of lubricating oil for the purpose of cooling. This arrangement is utilized only in case of small engines

where the drilling of the crankshaft is permitted. In case of big engines, there is possibility of stress

concentration due to the drilling in the crankshaft and there is a possibility of crankshaft breaking.

Therefore this type of system is not utilized in big engines. In big engines, main bearing lubricating oil is

supplied separately through the crosshead bearing which will be branched to the piston cooling as well as
crosshead lubrication and through the connecting rods drilling it will go to the bottom end bearing

lubrication.

Question.

When can the main crankcase ventilation pipes or oil drain pipes of two or more engines be connected?

Answer. As far as possible no connection should be provided between the crankcase ventilation of different

engines.

Crankcase ventilation pipes or drain pipes of two or more engines should not be connected as in case of

crankcase explosion, the heat wave may enter other healthy engine crankcase causing explosion in that

engine also. Also if one engine crankcase oil is contaminated, other engine oil may also get contaminated if

the drains are connected. Also this may occur due to the oil vapour getting mixed up.

Question.

The main function of tierod in the construction of a large low speed diesel engine is to

Answer. absorb most of the tensile load that results from the firing forces during the operation.

The main function of the tierods is to keep the cylinder block, A-frame and bedplate tied together under

compression. At the same time it itself goes into tension. Also tierods accept most of the tensile loading

that results from the firing forces developed during operation and relieve the bedplate, entablature and

columns off these firing forces. Hence it can be seen that the tierods are always under tension so as to

maintain all other parts of the engine structure under compression and to prevent the relative movement

between the parts when the engine is in operation.

 

Question.

On most modern diesel engines, the main and connecting rod bearings receive their lubricating oil by

Answer. (d) pressure feed.

On most modern diesel engines, where the load is comparatively high, it is necessary that the bearings

should be lubricated by lubricating oil. This lubricating oil will form a wedge type film between the

stationary bearing and the rotating shaft so as to prevent the metallic contact and the friction between the

bearings and the journal. For this purpose, it is necessary to supply large quantity of oil so as to have a

continuous and uninterrupted supply of lubricating oil which is required to form the film as well as cooling

purpose. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to continuously supply lubricating oil under pressure. This

will overcome the piping friction and also it will maintain uninterrupted and sufficiently large quantity of

lubricating oil to the bearings.

Question.

Fuel injection pump using the port and helix metering principle requires the use of a

Answer. (b) lapped plunger and barrel.

Due to lapped plunger and barrel, there is a good contact between the plunger and barrel. As the pump

develops very high pressure, there will be least amount of leakage between the plunger and barrel. Also due

to the cutting of helix on the sliding surface of the plunger, the sealing area between the plunger and barrel

reduces. As the area reduces, the possibilities of leakages increases. Hence in order to reduce the leakages

at high pressure between the plunger and barrel, it is necessary to lap plunger and barrel together so as to

have a perfect bearing between the plunger and barrel and to reduce the leakages. The plunger and barrel
are to be replaced together as a set because they are lapped individually with each other and they should not

be replaced individually as single unit.

Question.

The lubricating oil supplied to the crankpin bearing in a marine diesel engine

Answer. by internal crankshaft passages.

The internal passages in the crankshaft are made in such a manner, in case of small diesel engines where

crankshaft size is comparatively small, that oil is supplied to the main bearing. From there to the passage in

the crankshaft it is feed to the crank pin bearing. Thus avoiding the complicated piping to supply oil to the

crankpin bearing and gudgeon pin bearing. This is applicable only in case of small crankshafts. Bigger

crankshafts may fail under fatigue if the holes are drilled out for the passage of the oil. Hence in case of the

bigger crankshafts, no drilling of the holes is done on the crankshaft and hence this method of lubricating

the bottom end bearing and gudgeon pin bearing is not applicable. In that case, there is a separate supply of

lubricating oil to main bearing and as well as to the crosshead bearing, which will be further bifurcated into

two: the crosshead bearing and piston cooling, and the bottom end bearing, for lubricating.

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