MUSHROOM

CULTIVATION
BY
J I M I PATEL
Mo no:9924474599
 Introduction
 Mushroom is a fleshy-fungi,
it’s a small umbrela like structure.
 It has two part,
cap like structure is known as PILEUS,
attached with thread like structure is known as MYCELIA.
 Mycelia absorb nutrient from soil, it
do not require sun light for their growth.
STRUCTURE
 Examples of edible mushroom
 Agaricus bisporus
 Agaricus bitorquis
 Lentinus edodes
 Tremella fusiformis
 Flammulina velutips
 RAw material
 Animal excreta
 Animal manure
 Horse manure
 Vegetable waste
 Forest litters
 Straw from wheat/rice
 Wheat bran
 cultivation method

1. Garden & field cutivation

2. Cave cultivation

3. Indoor cultivation
 1. Garden & field cultivation:
 Small ridges made in gardens and fields.
 Soil inoculated with spawn is covered with leaf litter to
prevent moisture.
 The ridges should be periodically watered mushroom when
appear can be picked.
 2. Cave cultivation:
 Small tunnels are made in rocky areas and mushroom
farms can be established.
 Abandoned mines can be used to develop mushroom
farms.
 3.Indoor cultivation:
 Mushroom are grow in small rooms of the house.

 These rooms may be constructed in such a way that they

will be partly above ground and partly below ground.

 In some cases arrangement may be made to maintain

accurate temperature and moisture.

 Inside this room mushroom may be cultivated either in

small beds. The room should be properly ventilated but
sunlight should not fall directly on the mushroom-beds.

 The room should also have airconditioning facility.

 E.g: techniques for cultivation of white button

mushroom.
 production of
white- button mushroom

There are 4 stages of mushroom production.

1. Composting
2. Spawning
3. Casting
4. Croping
 1. Composting :
There are 2 methods of composting

(a) Long method : require 21 – 28 days

 1 meter height heaps are prepared.
 Interval of 2-3 days, heap material is mixed with wooden board.
 Gypsum is added in between 14 - 18 day.
 At last dark brown mixture is produced.

(b) Short method : require 12- 15 days

 Pasteurization is done by fumigation.
 Steaming is done at 52-54°c for 2-4 days & rise to 62 °c for 4 hours.
 Rest of process is almost same.
 2. Spawning :
 In a tray, layer of compost are prepared.
 Upon it a layers of spawn is prepared .
 News paper is spreaded over it.
 Water is sprinkled to maintain humidity 90-95%.
 Temperature maintained 20-25 °c
 Mycelial growth takes about 15-20 days.
 Stage called “SPAWN RUN “ stage .
 3. CasTing:
 After 15-20 days paper is removed.
 Mycelial growth covered with 2-5 cm casting material.

 CaCO3 maintains PH 4-5.

 Temperature is maintain 15-20 °c.
 Humidity about 85 – 90%
 4. Croping :
 Fruiting body will start to appear after
12- 16 days & will continue for 3-4 month.
 After 2-3 days of 1st cropping another fruiting body
will start to appear.
 application of
mushroom

 Used in bio-degradation
 Bio-transformation
 Medicinal value
 Anti HIV, Anti-HBV viruses.
 Enzymes
 Controlling diabetes & blood pressure
 Reducing sugars
 Reference
1. Cultivation of white button mushroom
Dr.B.Vijay & Dr. Yash Gupta

2. Recent advances in the cultivation technology

of edible mushrooms
Dr.R.N.Verma & B.Vijay
THANK
YOU