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Power Processing
Introduction

Tea 335 – elektronika industri

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Basic
diagram
power
processing
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Control is
invariably
required!
• To regulate the output voltage
• To control currents or
other quantities

• Traditional analog feedback

• Sophisticated control using inexpensive
digital microcontrollers!
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High Efficiency is Essential!

• High efficiency leads to low power loss within

converter
• Small size and reliable operation is then
feasible
• A good measure of converter performance is
the ratio of output power to loss :

Converters generally are loss-limited, and technologies that can produce large
output power while incurring small loss result in small size and low cost
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Devices
available to
the circuit
designer
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Devices available to the circuit designer (2)

Signal Processing : Avoid magnetic
• magnetics generally are more
expensive
• hard to integrate on integrated
circuits
• Difficult to design
• and so for a variety of reasons,
we usually ignore or avoid
magnetics.

But resistors and capacitors are fine, linear

and switch mode semiconductors are also
common.
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Devices available to the circuit designer (3)

Power processing: avoid using elements that consume power

• use inductors, capacitors, transformers and other elements because they store energy,
• they don't consume power.
• And we can get that stored energy back at some later time.
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Devices available to the circuit designer (4)

• We avoid linear
mode transistors with a class A
amplifier, with a transistor having
voltage across it and current
through it at the same time and so it
consumes power.
• Switched mode transistors that are
operated as on-off switches are, are
good. they don't consume power.
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A simple dc-dc converter example

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Resistive voltage divider

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Transistor Regulator
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SPDT Switch
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Addition Low Pass Filter

Choose filter cutoff frequency f0

much smaller than switching
frequency fs

• This filter will pass the DC component

• Reject the switching frequency in its harmonics and not let them pass through to
the load
• The output voltage is smooth and essentially is just the DC component.
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Addition of control system for regulation of output voltage

• Power MOSFET and a power

diode that's switched
together.
• Feedback circuit that adjusts
the duty cycle.
• It actually turns the transistor
on and off and adjusts it's
duty cycle to regulate the
output voltage.
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Next

• TRIAC (Triode for Alternating Current), SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier)

• Converter Circuit
• Power System
• Industrial Communication System
• Intelligent System