Data and Results:

 Orifice diameter, D = 4.5 mm

 Height, H = 74 cm
 Vertical distance, y = 63 cm,
 Horizontal distance, x = 135 cm
 Volume, Q = 1 Liter
 Time = 13.16 seconds
 Theoretical velocity, Vt = 3.810 m/s
 Actual velocity, Va = 3.7662 m/s
 Coefficient of velocity, Cv = 0.9885
 Theoritical Discharge, Qa = 6.06x10^(-5) m^3/s
 Coefficient of discharge, Cd = 7.60x10^(-5) m^3/s
 Coefficient of Contraction, Cc = 1.269
 Percent difference:
For velocity = 1.15%
For discharge = 20.26%
Computations:
A. Coefficient of Velocity, Cv:
m
Theoretical Velocity, Vt = √ 2 gH = √ 2 x 9.8066 x 0.74=3.810
s

√ √
2
Actual Velocity, Va = gx 9.8066 x 1.822 5 m
= =3.7662
2y 2 x 0.63 s

Va 3.7662
Coefficient of Velocity, Cv = = = 0.9885
Vt 3.810

B. Coefficient of Discharge, Cd:

Theoretical Discharge, Qt = (Cross-sectional Area of Orifice)(Theoretical Velocity)
−3 2
π D2 π ( 4.5 x 10 ) m −5 m
3
= x Vt= x 3.810 =6. 06 x 1 0
4 4 s s

Volume 1 x 10−3 m3
Actual Discharge, Qa = = =7.60 x 1 0−5
time 13.16 s

−5
Qa 7.60 x 10
Coefficient of Discharge, Cd = = =1.254
Qt 6.06 x 10−5

C. Coefficient of Contraction, Cc:

Cd 1.254
Coefficient of Contraction, Cc = = =1.269
Cv 0.9885

D. Percent Difference:
Percent Difference for velocity, PDv:
Higher value−lower value
Percent Difference for velocity = x 100% =
HIgher value
3.810−3.7662
x 100 % = 1.15%
3.810
Percent Difference for Discharge, PDd:
Percent Difference for Discharge, PD d =
Higher value−Lower value
x 100 % =
Higher value
−5 −5
7.60 x 10 −6.06 x 10
−5
x 100 %=20.26 %
7.60 x 10