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Micropower Synchronous
Buck-Boost DC/DC Converter with
Automatic Burst Mode Operation
FEATURES DESCRIPTION
n Regulated Output with Input Voltages Above, The LTC®3442 is a highly efficient, fixed frequency, buck-
Below, or Equal to the Output boost DC/DC converter, which operates from input volt-
n Single Inductor, No Schottky Diodes Required ages above, below, and equal to the output voltage. The
n Manual or Programmable Automatic Burst Mode® topology incorporated in the IC provides a continuous
Operation transfer function through all operating modes, making the
n Programmable Average Input Current Limit product ideal for a single lithium-ion or multicell alkaline
n Up to 1.2A Continuous Output Current from a Single applications where the output voltage is within the battery
Lithium-Ion Cell voltage range.
n High Efficiency: Up to 95%
n Output Disconnect in Shutdown
The device includes two 0.10Ω N-channel MOSFET
n 2.4V to 5.5V Input Range
switches and two 0.10Ω P-channel switches. Operating
n 2.4V to 5.25V Output Range
frequency and average input current limit can each be
n 35µA Quiescent Current in Burst Mode Operation
programmed with an external resistor. Quiescent current
n Programmable Frequency from 300kHz to 2MHz
is only 35µA in Burst Mode operation, maximizing battery
n <1µA Shutdown Current
life in portable applications. Automatic Burst Mode opera-
n Small, Thermally Enhanced 12-Lead (4mm × 3mm)
tion allows the user to program the load current for Burst
Mode operation, or to control it manually.
DFN Package
Other features include 1µA shutdown current, program-
APPLICATIONS mable soft-start, peak current limit and thermal shutdown.
The LTC3442 is available in a low profile, thermally en-
n PDA/‘SMART’ Phones
hanced 12-lead (4mm × 3mm × 0.75mm) DFN package.
n Handheld Computers
n MP3 Players L, LT, LTC, LTM, Linear Technology, the Linear logo and Burst Mode are registered trademarks
and ThinSOT is a trademark of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the
n Handheld Instruments property of their respective owners. Protected by U.S. Patents, including 6404251, 6166527.
n Digital Cameras
n Wireless Handsets
n USB Peripherals
SW1 SW2 90
VIN VOUT
2.5V TO VIN VOUT 3.3V 1A LOAD
EFFICIENCY (%)
4.2V 1.2A
1M LTC3442 340k 2.2k 80
SHDN/SS FB
Li-Ion 0.01µF 70
15k 22µF
RLIM VC
220pF
470pF 60 VOUT = 3.3V
10µF
RT BURST L = 4.7µH
F = 600kHz
SGND PGND 0.01µF 50
71.5k 200k 200k 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5
VIN (V)
3442 • TA01b
3442 TA01a
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DC................................................................ –0.3 to 6V RT 2 11 VC
ORDER INFORMATION
LEAD FREE FINISH TAPE AND REEL PART MARKING PACKAGE DESCRIPTION TEMPERATURE RANGE
LTC3442EDE#PBF LTC3442EDE#TRPBF 3442 12-Lead (4mm × 3mm) Plastic DFN –40°C to 85°C
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/
For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VIN = VOUT = 3.6V, RT = 64.9k, unless otherwise noted (Note 2).
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Input Start-Up Voltage l 2.3 2.4 V
Output Voltage Adjust Range l 2.4 5.25 V
Feedback Voltage l 1.19 1.22 1.25 V
Feedback Input Current VFB = 1.22V 1 50 nA
Quiescent Current – Burst Mode Operation VFB = 1.22V, BURST = 0V (Note 3) 35 60 µA
Quiescent Current – Shutdown SHDN = 0V, VOUT = 0V, Not Including Switch Leakage 0.1 1 µA
Quiescent Current – Active BURST = VIN (Note 3) 600 1100 µA
NMOS Switch Leakage Switches B and C 0.1 2 µA
PMOS Switch Leakage Switches A and D 0.1 3 µA
NMOS Switch On Resistance Switches B and C 0.10 Ω
PMOS Switch On Resistance Switches A and D 0.10 Ω
Input Current Limit l 2 3 A
Reverse Current Limit 0.5 A
Burst Mode Operation Current Limit 0.9 A
Max Duty Cycle Boost (% Switch C On) l 70 88 %
Buck (% Switch A In) l 100 %
Min Duty Cycle l 0 %
Frequency Accuracy l 570 670 770 kHz
Error Amp AVOL 90 dB
Error Amp Source Current BURST > 1.25V 11 µA
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Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings Note 3: Current measurements are performed when the outputs are not
may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute switching.
Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device Note 4: This IC includes overtemperature protection that is intended
reliability and lifetime. to protect the device during momentary overload conditions. Junction
Note 2: The LTC3442E is guaranteed to meet performance specifications temperature will exceed 125°C when overtemperature protection is active.
from 0°C to 85°C. Specifications over the –40°C to 85°C operating Continuous operation above the specified maximum operating junction
temperature range are assured by design, characterization and correlation temperature may result in device degradation or failure.
with statistical process controls.
EFFICIENCY (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
70 70 90
POWER LOSS
VIN = 2.5V
60 VIN = 5V 60 10 88
VIN = 2.5V FIXED FREQUENCY WITHOUT SCHOTTKY DIODES
50 50 86
FIXED FREQUENCY
40 40 1 84
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% CHANGE (NORMALIZED)
% CHANGE (NORMALIZED)
4 VOUT SHORTED
0.70
RLIM VOLTAGE (V)
0.60 2 5
0.50 0
0.40 0 VOUT DROPS 10%
–2
0.30
–4
0.20 –5
–6
0.10
0.00 –8 –10
0 .05 .10 .15 .20 .25 .30 .35 .40 .45 .50 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00
INPUT CURRENT (A) VIN (V) FREQUENCY (MHz)
3442 G04 3442 G05 3442 TA01b
3.5 45
2.0 MHz 3.0
VIN QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA)
40
3.0
35 2.5
0.0 0 0.0
2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5
VIN (V) VIN (V) VIN (V)
3442 G07 3442 G08 3442 G09
Automatic Burst Mode Threshold Minimum Start Voltage Average Input Current Limit
vs RBURST vs Temperature vs Temperature (Normalized)
160 2.30 5%
VIN = VOUT = 3.3V
150 2.29 4%
140 LEAVE Burst Mode 3%
MINIMUM START VOLTAGE (V)
2.28
OPERATION
2%
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
130 2.27
CHANGE FROM 25°C
120 2.26 1%
110 2.25 0%
100 2.24 –1%
90 2.23 –2%
80 2.22 –3%
ENTER Burst Mode
70 OPERATION 2.21 –4%
60 2.20 –5%
150 175 200 225 250 –55 –25 5 35 65 95 125 –55 –35 –15 5 25 45 65 85 105 125
RBURST (kΩ) TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C)
3442 G10 3442 G11 3442 G12
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–0.5% –2.0%
–0.4% 50ns/DIV 3442 G15
–1.0%
–0.6% VIN = 2.9V
–1.5% VOUT = 3.3V AT 500mA
–0.8%
–2.0% –1.0%
–55 –35 –15 5 25 45 65 85 105 125 –55 –35 –15 5 25 45 65 85 105 125
TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C)
3442 G13 3442 G14
SW1
SW1 VIN = 2.7V
2V/DIV
2V/DIV
VIN = 3.3V
SW2 SW2
2V/DIV 2V/DIV VIN = 4.2V
VOUT
50ns/DIV 3442 G16
50ns/DIV 3442 G17
20mV/DIV
VIN = 3.3V VIN = 4.2V AC COUPLED
VOUT = 3.3V AT 500mA VOUT = 3.3V AT 500mA
VOUT VOUT
100mV/DIV 100mV/DIV VOUT
50mV/DIV
INDUCTOR
LOAD LOAD CURRENT
0.5A/DIV 0.5A/DIV 0.5A/DIV
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INDUCTOR INDUCTOR
CURRENT CURRENT
0.5A/DIV 0.5A/DIV
PIN FUNCTIONS
SHDN/SS (Pin 1): Combined Soft-Start and Shutdown. BURST (Pin 7): Used to Set the Automatic Burst Mode Op-
Applied voltage <0.4V shuts down the IC. Tie to >1.4V to eration Threshold. Place a resistor and capacitor in parallel
enable the IC and >2.4V to ensure the error amp is not from this pin to ground. See the Applications Information
clamped from soft-start. For Burst Mode operation, this section for component value selection. For manual control,
pin must be pulled up to within 0.5V of VIN. An RC network ground the pin to force Burst Mode operation, connect to
from the shutdown command signal to this pin will provide VOUT to force fixed frequency mode.
a soft-start function by limiting the rise time of the VC pin. VOUT (Pin 8): Output of the Synchronous Rectifier. A filter
RT (Pin 2): Programs the Frequency of the Internal Os- capacitor is placed from VOUT to GND. A ceramic bypass
cillator. Place a resistor from this pin to ground. See the capacitor is recommended as close to the VOUT and GND
Applications Information section for component value pins as possible.
selection. VIN (Pin 9): Input Supply Pin. Internal VCC for the IC. A
SGND (Pin 3): Signal Ground for the IC. 10µF ceramic capacitor is recommended as close to VIN
and SGND as possible.
SW1 (Pin 4): Switch Pin Where Internal Switches A and B
Are Connected. Connect inductor from SW1 to SW2. An RLIM (Pin 10): Sets the Average Input Current Limit
optional Schottky diode can be connected from SW1 to Threshold. Place a resistor and capacitor in parallel from
ground for a moderate efficiency improvement. Minimize this pin to ground. See the Applications Information sec-
trace length to reduce EMI. tion for component value selection.
PGND (Pin 5, 13): Power Ground for the Internal NMOS VC (Pin 11): Error Amp Output. A frequency compensation
Power Switches. The exposed pad must be soldered to network is connected from this pin to FB to compensate
PCB ground to provide both electrical contact and a good the loop. During Burst Mode operation, VC is internally
thermal contact to the PCB. connected to a hold circuit.
SW2 (Pin 6): Switch Pin Where Internal Switches C FB (Pin 12): Feedback Pin. Connect resistor divider tap
and D Are Connected. An optional Schottky diode can be here. The output voltage can be adjusted from 2.4V to
connected from SW2 to VOUT for a moderate efficiency 5.25V. The feedback reference voltage is typically 1.22V.
improvement. Minimize trace length to reduce EMI.
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SW A SW D
VIN 9 8 VOUT
GATE
DRIVERS
AND
SW B ANTICROSS SW C – +
CONDUCTION
REVERSE
AMP
RLIM 10 –
AV = 6
0.95V + AVERAGE
+
ILIM Gm = 1/60k
3A –
PEAK CURRENT
+ 1.22V
+ LIMIT
– ERROR
AMP
– 12 FB
–
+
5A
PWM
PWM COMPARATORS 11 VC
LOGIC
+ UVLO –
VIN
–
+
2.3V
AUTOMATIC
SLEEP BURST MODE
CONTROL AND
VC HOLD
RT 2 OSC
7 BURST
VREF 1.22V
VIN VCC VREF
SHUTDOWN SS
SOFT-START
SHDN/SS 1 SHUTDOWN THERMAL
SHUTDOWN
2 6
3442 BD
PGND SGND
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DUTY INTERNAL
3442 F02
CYCLE CONTROL
VOLTAGE, VCI
IINDUCTOR
L
a boosted output voltage. This operation is typical to a SW1 SW2
BURST MODE OPERATION Figure 4. Inductor Discharge Cycle During Burst Mode Operation
Burst Mode operation occurs when the IC delivers energy because the part enters full-time 4-switch mode (when
to the output until it is regulated and then goes into a sleep servicing the output) with discontinuous inductor cur-
mode where the outputs are off and the IC is consuming rent as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. During Burst Mode
only 35µA of quiescent current from VIN. In this mode the operation, the control loop is nonlinear and cannot utilize
output ripple has a variable frequency component that the control voltage from the error amp to determine the
depends upon load current, and will typically be about control mode, therefore full-time 4-switch mode is required
2% peak-to-peak. Burst Mode operation ripple can be to maintain the buck/boost function. The efficiency below
reduced slightly by using more output capacitance (47µF 1mA becomes dominated primarily by the quiescent cur-
or greater). Another method of reducing Burst Mode rent. The Burst Mode operation efficiency is given by:
operation ripple is to place a small feedforward capacitor
n •ILOAD
across the upper resistor in the VOUT feedback divider EFFICIENCY ≅
network (as in Type III compensation). 35µA + ILOAD
During the period where the device is delivering energy to where n is typically 82% during Burst Mode operation.
the output, the peak switch current will be equal to 900mA
typical and the inductor current will terminate at zero Automatic Burst Mode Operation Control
current for each cycle. In this mode the typical maximum Burst Mode operation can be automatic or manually con-
average output current is given by: trolled with a single pin. In automatic mode, the IC will
0.2 • VIN enter Burst Mode operation at light load and return to fixed
IOUT(MAX)BURST ≈ A frequency operation at heavier loads. The load current at
VOUT + VIN
which the mode transition occurs is programmed using
Note that the peak efficiency during Burst Mode operation a single external resistor from the BURST pin to ground,
is less than the peak efficiency during fixed frequency according to the following equations:
VIN VOUT 17.6
Enter Burst Mode: I =
9 8
RBURST
dI VIN
A D
22.4
+
dt L
– Leave Burst Mode: I =
4 6 900mA RBURST
IINDUCTOR
L
SW1 SW2
B C
0mA
where RBURST is in kΩ and IBURST is the load transition
current in Amps. Do not use values of RBURST greater
3442 F03
T1
5 than 250k.
GND
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FB R1
– 12
VC CP1 R2
SOFT-START
CLAMP 11
TO PWM VCI
COMPARATORS
SHDN/SS RSS
1 ENABLE SIGNAL
3442 F05
CSS
+
CHIP
ENABLE
– 0.7V
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
COMPONENT SELECTION Inductor Selection
VIN The high frequency operation of the LTC3442 allows the
use of small surface mount inductors. The inductor ripple
1 SHDN/SS FB 12
current is typically set to 20% to 40% of the maximum
2 RT VC 11
inductor current. For a given ripple the inductance terms
3 SGND RLIM 10 are given as follows:
4 SW1 VIN 9
VIN(MIN) • (VOUT – VIN(MIN) )
5 PGND VOUT 8
VIN
VOUT L BOOST > H
f • ∆IL • VOUT
6 SW2 BURST 7
VOUT • (VIN(MAX) – VOUT )
L BUCK > H
f • ∆IL • VIN(MAX)
MULTIPLE
GND VIAS
3442 F06
where f = operating frequency, Hz
RT
∆IL = maximum allowable inductor ripple current, A
Figure 6. Recommended Component Placement. Traces Carrying VIN(MIN) = minimum input voltage, V
High Current Should Be Short and Wide. Trace Area at FB and VC
Pins Are Kept Low. Lead Length to Battery Should Be Kept Short. VIN(MAX) = maximum input voltage, V
VOUT and VIN Ceramic Capacitors Close to the IC Pins.
VOUT = output voltage, V
IOUT(MAX) = maximum output load current
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VOUT
+ 1.22V
+ 1.22V
ERROR
R1 CZ1
ERROR R1 AMP FB
FB
AMP – 12
– 12
VC CP1 R2
CP1 R2 RZ
VC
11
11 CP2
3442 F07
3442 F08
Figure 7. Error Amplifier with Type I Compensation Figure 9. Error Amplifier with Type III Compensation
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
1MHz Li-Ion to 3.3V at 1.2A Converter with
Manual Mode Control (and Peak Current Limit Only)
L1
3.3µH
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L1
1nF
2Ω 4.7µH
Li-Ion
D1
MBRM120T3 SW1 SW2
USB/5V LTC3442 VOUT
2.5V TO 5.5V
VIN VOUT 3.3V
CIN 600mA
1M SHDN/SS FB 340k 2.2k
10µF
RLIM VC 220pF
143k 15k
RT BURST 470pF
2N7002 COUT
0.01µF 1nF SGND PGND
USB 200k 22µF
PRESENT RSNUB**
143k 64.9k 200k 0.01µF
1Ω
**A SNUBBER RESISTOR IS REQUIRED TO PREVENT CIN: TAIYO YUDEN JMK212BJ106MG 3442 TA03
RINGING IF THERE IS SIGNIFICANT INPUT INDUCTANCE, COUT: TAIYO YUDEN JMK325BJ476MM
SUCH AS FROM A USB CABLE L1: TDK RLF7030T-4R7M3R4
OPEN LED VOLTAGE LIMIT = (R4 + R5) • 0.95/R4 ILED = 24 • (R1 + R2 + R3)/(R1 • R3) AMPS
* NOTE: THE SHDN/SS VOLTAGE MUST BE NO MORE THAN 0.5V BELOW VIN WHEN ENABLED.
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R5 3.3µH
7.87k
SW1 SW2
VIN VOUT
2.7V TO VIN VOUT
4.2V ILED = 500mA/1.5A
LTC3442
*OFF ON SHDN/SS FB
10µF 1nF R2
6.3V 20k
RLIM VC LHXL-PW03
10µF
R2 6.3V
200k
RT BURST
R4 SGND PGND R1
57.6k 95.3k 1nF
2k 301k
40.2k
OPEN LED VOLTAGE LIMIT = (R4 + R5) • 0.95/R4 R2 = R1/1.5
ILED = 24 • (R1 + R2 + R3)/(R1 • R3) AMPS
(OR: ILED = 40/R3 + .08)
LOW HI 2N7002
3442 TA05
* NOTE: THE SHDN/SS VOLTAGE MUST BE NO MORE THAN 0.5V BELOW VIN WHEN ENABLED.
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DE/UE Package
12-Lead Plastic DFN (4mm × 3mm)
(Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1695 Rev D)
0.70 ±0.05
3.30 ±0.05
3.60 ±0.05
2.20 ±0.05 1.70 ±0.05
PACKAGE OUTLINE
0.25 ±0.05
0.50 BSC
2.50 REF
RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD PITCH AND DIMENSIONS
APPLY SOLDER MASK TO AREAS THAT ARE NOT SOLDERED
3.30 ±0.10
3.00 ±0.10
(2 SIDES) 1.70 ±0.10
PIN 1 PIN 1 NOTCH
TOP MARK R = 0.20 OR
(NOTE 6) 0.35 × 45°
CHAMFER
6 1 (UE12/DE12) DFN 0806 REV D
NOTE:
1. DRAWING PROPOSED TO BE A VARIATION OF VERSION
(WGED) IN JEDEC PACKAGE OUTLINE M0-229
2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE
3. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS
4. DIMENSIONS OF EXPOSED PAD ON BOTTOM OF PACKAGE DO NOT INCLUDE
MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH, IF PRESENT, SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15mm ON ANY SIDE
5. EXPOSED PAD SHALL BE SOLDER PLATED
6. SHADED AREA IS ONLY A REFERENCE FOR PIN 1 LOCATION
ON THE TOP AND BOTTOM OF PACKAGE
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