MODULE 1

BUILDING
CODE
PROVISIONS
PART 1: INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING CODE
At the end of this module,
you should be able to:
1. Identify various minimum standards
and requirements in a building based INTENDED
on the National Building Code of the
Philippines
LEARNING
2. Explain various structural terms in OUTCOMES
relation to the design of structure
based from the National Structural
Code of the Philippines
3. Distinguish various pertinent codes and
standards related to the National Building INTENDED
Code of the Philippines LEARNING
4. Differentiate the functions of a building
OUTCOMES
permit and an occupancy permit
What is the
difference
between code and
standards?
Code
A set of rules that knowledgeable
people recommend for others to
follow.

Standards
A more detailed elaboration of a
certain requirement in a project,
process or product.
Why do you think
code and
standards are
important?
1.1. General
Provisions for
National
Building Code of
the Philippines
 NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF
THE PHILIPPNES

The governing standard when it comes

to building design here in the
Philippines.
The purpose of this Code is to provide
for all buildings and structures, a
framework of minimum standards and
requirements to regulate and control
their location, site, design, quality of
materials, construction, use, occupancy,
and maintenance.
 NATIONAL BUILDING CODE
OF THE PHILIPPNES

The National Building Code of the

Philippines is the policy of the
Philippines to safeguard life, health,
property, and public welfare, that is
consistent with the principles of sound
environmental management and
control.
 NATIONAL BUILDING CODE
OF THE PHILIPPNES

The National Building Code of the

Philippines a was formerly signed
as a Presidential Decree 1096 by
the former president Ferdinand E.
Marcos in February 19, 1977 which
decrees and act to adopt a national
building code in the Philippines as
implemented by the Republic Act
6541.
National Building Code of the Philippines

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The provisions of this Code shall applies to the:
design conversion
location use
sitting occupancy
construction maintenance
alteration moving
repair demolition of
... and addition to public and private buildings and structures,
except traditional indigenous family dwellings as defined in the
Code.
National Building Code of the Philippines

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

Building and/or structures constructed

before the approval of this Code shall not
be affected except when alterations,
additions, conversions or repairs are to be
made.
National Building Code of the Philippines

GENERAL BUILDING REQUIREMENTS

All buildings or structures as well as

accessory facilities shall conform in all
respects to the principles of safe
construction and must be suited to the
purpose for which they are designed.
National Building Code of the Philippines

GENERAL BUILDING REQUIREMENTS

Buildings or structures intended to be

used for the manufacture and/or
production of any kind of product shall
observe adequate environmental
safeguards.
National Building Code of the Philippines

GENERAL BUILDING REQUIREMENTS

Buildings or structures and all its parts

as well as all facilities found within it
shall be maintained in safe, sanitary
and good working condition
National Building Code of the Philippines

SITE REQUIREMENTS

Aside from the building itself, the land

or site should be sanitary, hygienic or
safe.
1.2. General
Provisions for
National
Structural Code
of the
Philippines
NATIONAL STRUCTURAL CODE OF
THE PHILIPPNES

NSCP focuses on the specific

aspects of the structural design of a
building. This provides standards in
properly designing a safe, sturdy,
and long-lasting structure.
National Structural Code of the Philippines

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
STRENGTH REQUIREMENTS

Buildings, towers, and other vertical

structures and all portions of it shall be
designed and constructed to sustain all
loads imposed in it, within the limitations of
the code.
National Structural Code of the Philippines

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
SERVICEABILITY REQUIREMENTS
The code provides that structural systems and
its structural members shall be designed to
have adequate stiffness to limit deflections,
lateral drifts, vibrations, or any other
deformations that adversely affect the
intended use and performance of buildings,
towers, and other vertical structures.
National Structural Code of the Philippines

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
SERVICEABILITY REQUIREMENTS
The structural analysis applied for the structure,
system or method of construction, shall be based
on a rational analysis in accordance with well-
established principles of mechanics that take into
account equilibrium, general stability, geometric
compatibility, and both short-term and long-term
material properties.
National Structural Code of the Philippines

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
SERVICEABILITY REQUIREMENTS

Soil explorations shall be required or buildings,

towers, and other vertical structures as required by
the Building Official to properly conduct foundation
investigation in order to effectively design the
foundation that these structures would be built in.
1.3.
Plan
Enforcement
 PLAN ENFORCEMENT
The National Building Code of the Philippines is
enforced and implemented by the Building Official
governing a specific area of jurisdiction. These
building officials are responsible in carrying out the
provisions of the code in the field and the
enforcement of orders and decisions made in
implementing this code.
 PLAN ENFORCEMENT
These building officials are the following:

Public Works District Engineer (from the

Department of Public Works and Highways,
DPWH);
City Engineer (from a city local government);
and
Municipal Engineer (from a municipal local
government).
 QUALIFICATIONS OF BUILDING OFFICIALS
As stated in the National Building Code of the
Philippines, no person shall be appointed as a
Building Official unless he/she possesses the
following qualifications:

a. A Filipino citizen and of good moral character

b. A duly registered architect or civil engineer
 QUALIFICATIONS OF BUILDING OFFICIALS
c. A member of good standing of a duly accredited
organization of his profession for not less than two
years

d. Has at least five years of diversified and

professional experience in building design and
construction
DUTIES OF A BUILDING OFFICIAL
The Building Official is the official charged with
the duties of issuing building permits.

A Building Official may enter any building or its

premises at all reasonable times to inspect and
determine compliance with the requirements of
this Code
 DUTIES OF A BUILDING OFFICIAL
When any building work is
found to be contrary to the
provisions of this Code, the
Building Official may order the
work to be stopped and
prescribe the terms and/or
conditions when the work will
be allowed to resume.
1.4.
Building
Permit
 BUILDING PERMIT
No entity shall erect, construct,
alter, repair, move, convert, or
demolish any building or
structure without first obtaining
a building permit from the
Building Official in the place
where the subject building is
located or the building work is
done.
 BUILDING PERMIT
A building permit contains at least the following
information:
description of the work to be covered by the
permit applied for
description and ownership of the lot on which
the proposed work is to be done
use or occupancy for which the proposed work
is intended
estimated cost of the proposed work
 BUILDING PERMIT

See the attached photo in Module 1.4 for the sample

format of building permit.
 PROCESSING OF BUILDING PERMIT
In processing an application for a building permit,
the Building Official shall see to it that the applicant
satisfies and conforms with at least the following,
but not limited to:
approved standard sanitary and sewerage
requirements on zonings and environmental, health,
land use electrical and
lines and grades mechanical safety
structural design
ISSUANCE AND VALIDITY OF BUILDING PERMITS
When application for building permit and the plans
and specifications submitted conform to the
requirements, the Building Official shall, within
fifteen days from payment of the required fees by
the applicant, issue the building permit applied for.
Approved plans and specifications shall not be
changed, modified or altered without the approval
of the Building Official.
ISSUANCE AND VALIDITY OF BUILDING PERMITS

A building permit issued under the provisions shall

expire and become null and void if the building or
work authorized is not commenced within a period
of one year from the date of the permit, or if the
building or work so authorized is suspended or
abandoned at any time after it has been
commenced, for a period of 120 days.
 NON-ISSUANCE, SUSPENSION, OR REVOCATION OF
BUILDING PERMITS

The Building Official may order or cause the non-

issuance, suspension or revocation of building permits on
any or all of the following reasons or grounds:
a. Errors found in the plans and specifications
b. In correct or inaccurate data or information
supplied
c. Non-compliance with the provisions or of any rule
or regulation
 INSPECTION AND SUPERVISION OF WORK

The owner of the Building who is issued or

granted a building permit shall engage the
services of a duly licensed architect or civil
engineer to undertake the full time inspection
and supervision of the construction work.
 INSPECTION AND SUPERVISION OF WORK

There shall be kept at the jobsite at all times a

logbook wherein the actual progress of
construction including tests conducted,
weather conditions and other pertinent data
are to be recorded.
 INSPECTION AND SUPERVISION OF WORK

Upon completion of the construction, the said

licensed architect or civil engineer shall submit
a Certificate of Completion of the project
stating that the construction of building
conforms to the provisions as well as with the
approved plans and specifications.
 OCCUPANCY PERMIT

After submitting the Certificate of Completion

to the Building Official along with various
documents supporting this document, the
Building Official shall conduct its final
inspection prior to an issuance of a Certificate
of Occupancy.
1.5.
Occupancy
Permit
 OCCUPANCY PERMIT
This Certificate of Occupancy (or Occupancy
Permit) certifies that the finished building or
structure or its portion, after its inspection by
an inspector or enforcer from the Office of the
Building Official, has been successfully
completed in compliance with the standards
set by the National Building Code of the
Philippines.
 OCCUPANCY PERMIT

A certificate of Occupancy shall be issued by

the Building Official within thirty days if, after
final inspection and submittal of a Certificate
of Completion, it is found that the building or
structure complies with the provisions of this
Code.
 OCCUPANCY PERMIT

The Certificate of Occupancy shall be posted

or displayed in a conspicuous place on the
premises and shall not be removed except
upon order of the Building Official.
2. Design
Provisions of the
Building Code
1.6 TYPES OF
CONSTRUCTION
 TYPE I: WOOD CONSTRUCTION

Type I buildings shall

be a wood
construction. The
structural elements
may be any of the
materials permitted
by this Code.
 TYPE II: WOOD CONSTRUCTION
WITH PROTECTIVE FIRE-RESISTANT
MATERIALS

Type II buildings shall be of

wood construction with
protective fire-resistant
materials and one-hour fire-
resistive throughout:
Except, that permanent non-
bearing partitions may use fire-
retardant treated wood within
the framing assembly.
TYPE III: MASONRY AND WOOD
CONSTRUCTION

Type III buildings shall be of

masonry and wood
construction. Structural
elements may be any of the
materials permitted by this
Code: Provided, that the
building shall be one-hour
fire-resistive throughout.
Exterior walls shall be of
incombustible fire-resistive
construction.
TYPE IV: STEEL, IRON, CONCRETE
OR MASONRY CONSTRUCTION

Type IV buildings shall be of steel,

iron, concrete, or masonry
construction. Walls, ceiling, and
permanent partitions shall be of
incombustible fire-resistive
construction:
Except, that permanent non-
bearing partitions of one-hour fire-
resistive construction may use fire-
retardant treated wood within the
framing assembly.
 TYPE V: FIRE RESISTIVE

Type V buildings shall be

fire-resistive. The structural
elements shall be of steel,
iron, concrete, or masonry
construction.
Walls, ceilings, and
permanent partitions shall
be of incombustible fire-
resistive construction
 CHANGES IN THE TYPE OF
CONSTRUCTION

No change shall be made in the type of

construction of any building which would place the
building in a different sub-type or type of
construction unless such building is made to
comply with the requirements for such sub-type of
construction.
1.7 FIRE
PROVISION
FIRE INCIDENCES
 FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
The Fire Code of the Philippines, as enacted
by RA9514, is implemented to ensure that
buildings are equipped with fire safety
features which enables the building and its
occupants to be safe in case of fire. But
that's another topic to discuss upon your
succeeding module related to this.

The National Building Code of the

Philippines also provides some basic
guidelines in incorporating fire safety in
buildings. The provisions for fire zone
requirements and fire-resistive
requirements in the code provides some
basic insight on these fire safety features.
 REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE ZONE
Fire zones are areas within which only certain types of
buildings are permitted to be constructed based on their
use or occupancy, type of construction, and resistance to
fire. A building or structure which is located partly in one
fire zone and partly in another shall be considered to be
in the more highly restrictive fire zone, when more than
one-third of its total floor area is located in such zone.
 FIRE-RESISTIVE REQUIREMENTS IN
CONSTRUCTION
Fire-resistive rating means the degree to which a material can
withstand fire as determined by generally recognized and
accepted testing methods. On the other hand, fire-resistive
time period rating is a much more measurable than the
previous one which defines the length of time a material can
withstand being burned which may be one-hour, two-hours,
three-hours, four-hours, etc. All materials of construction,
and assemblies or combinations of these materials shall be
classified according to their fire-retardant or flame-spread
ratings as determined by general accepted testing methods
i.e. Tunnel test for flame-spread rating.
1.8 OCCUPANCY
REQUIREMENTS
 CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCY
Group B: Residentials, Hotels, and
Group A: Residential Dwellings Apartments
This includes residential houses - multiple dwelling units
i.e. bungalow, two-storey house - accommodates more than ten persons
CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCY

Group C: Education and Recreation

 CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCY

Group D: Institutional
Division 3
Division 1 Nursing homes for ambulatory
Mental hospitals, mental sanitaria, patients, homes for children of
jails, prisons, reformatories, and kindergarten age or over, each
buildings where personal liberties of accommodating more than five
inmates are similarly restrained persons
Provided, that Group D Occupancies
Division 2
shall not include buildings used
Nurseries for full-time care of
only for private or family group
children under kindergarten age,
dwelling purposes
hospitals, sanitaria, nursing homes
with nonambulatory patients, and
similar buildings each
accommodating more than five
persons
 CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCY

Group E: Business and Mercantile

Division 1 Division 2
Gasoline filling and Wholesale and retail stores, Division 3
service stations, storage office buildings, drinking and Aircraft hangers and
garages and boot dining open parking garage
storage structures establishments having an with no repair work is
where no work is done occupant load of less than one done except exchange
except exchange of hundred persons, printing of parts and
parts and maintenance plants, police and fire stations, maintenance requiring
requiring no open factories and workshops using no open flame,
flame, welding, or the not highly flammable or welding or the use of
use of highly flammable combustible materials and highly flammable
liquids paint stores without bulk liquids
handlings
 CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCY

Group F: Industrial
Occupancies shall
include: ice plants,
power plants, pumping
plants, cold storage,
and creameries,
factories and
workshops using
incombustible and
non-explosive
materials, and storage
and sale rooms for
incombustible and
nonexplosive materials
 CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCY
Group G: Storage and Hazardous
Division 1
Storage and handling of hazardous and highly flammable material
Division 2
Storage and handling of flammable materials, dry cleaning plants using
flammable liquids; paint stores with bulk handling, paint shops and spray
painting rooms
Division 3
Wood working establishments, planning mills and box factories, shops, factories
where loose combustible fibers or dust are manufactured, processed or
generated; warehouses where highly combustible material is store
Division 4
Repair garages
Division 5
Aircraft repair hangers
 CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCY

Group H: Assembly other than Group I

Division 1
Any assembly building with a stage and an occupant load of less than 1000 in the
building
Division 2
Any assembly building without stage and having an occupant load of 300 or more
in the building
Division 3
Any assembly building without a stage and having an occupant load of less than
300 in the building
Division 4
Stadia, reviewing stands, amusement park structures not included within Group I
or in Division 1, 2, and 3 of this Group
 CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCY

Group I: Assembly with Occupant Load of 1000 or more

Occupancies shall be any assembly building with an age and an occupant load of
1000 or more in the building

Group J: Accessory
Division 1
Private garage, carports, sheds and agriculture buildings
Division 2
Fences over 1.80 meters high, tanks, and towers
 CHANGE IN USE

No change shall be made in the character of occupancy or

use of any building which would place the building in a
different division of the same group of occupancy or in a
different group of occupancies, unless such building is made
to comply with the requirements of this code for such division
or group of occupancy.
MIXED OCCUPANCY
1.9. Minimum
Requirements
for a Dwelling
Unit
 DWELLING LOCATION AND LOT
OCCUPANCY
All buildings should be constructed on a lot; that's an inevitable fact. The code states
that the dwelling unit shall not occupy not more than 90% of a corner lot, and not
more than 80% of an inside lot, and subject to the provisions on Easements of Light
and View of the Civil Code of the Philippines (Links to an external site.), shall be at
least 2meters offset from the property line.

LIGHT AND VENTILATION

Proper lighting is required to facilitate activities inside the building. Proper ventilation
is also required to provide air circulation and comfort for all its inhabitants. The code
states that every dwelling should be constructed and arranged to provide adequate
light and ventilation under the provisions of the code which will be discussed in the
next module.
 SANITATION
This refers to the proper waste water disposal in the building which includes an
efficient plumbing and sanitary system. The code states that every dwelling should be
provided with at least one toilet and adequate washing and drainage facilities in
accordance with existing codes and standards which will be discussed in the
succeeding module.

FOUNDATION
This structural member is essential in providing a safe and sturdy building. It
transmits all the loads imposed in the structural members of a building into the
underlying soils. Foundations should be properly structurally designed in accordance
with the National Structural Code of the Philippines. But the National Building Code
of the Philippines has provided a minimum requirement for foundations stated that
these should be of sufficient size and strength to support the loads of the dwelling
unit and should be at least 250millimeters thick and 600millimeters below the
surface of the ground.
 POST
Aside from the aforementioned foundations, posts (columns) are also essential in
providing a safe and sturdy building. Concrete posts/columns are designed based on
strict adherence with the Structural Code of the Philippines. On the other hand, the
National Building Code of the Philippines has provided a basic requirement
applicable to wooden posts in a dwelling unit in reference to a tabulated data from
the code i.e. Table 708-A: Dimensions of Wooden Posts (Annex B-1). As such, it is also
stated that each post should be anchored to a proper footing (foundation) through
the use of straps and bolts of adequate size.
 FLOOR
Floor slabs (or floor) is a structural member that supports the dead loads i.e.
equipment, furniture, machines, various materials, and the live loads i.e. people,
applied on a particular floor. The structural design of such floor shall be based in
accordance with the National Structural Code of the Philippines. But the National
Building Code of the Philippines provided basic requirements in terms of floor. The
code stated that the live load of the first floor i.e. ground floor, should be at least 200
kilograms per square meter, and; for the second floor, at least 150 kilograms per
square meter. This values defines the minimum loads that should be used in
designing a floor in terms of kilograms per square meter. In layman's term, a square
meter of floor should be able to sustain in minimum a 200kg live load on the first
floor, and 150kg live load for the second floor.
 ROOF
Roofs provides protection from rain, gusty winds, and heat of sunlight. These forces of
nature, including earthquakes, induces forces on the roof area which are transmitted
towards the structural members of the building. These factors are considered in its
design in accordance with the National Structural Code of the Philippines. On the
other hand, the National Building Code of the Philippines also provided basic
requirements in terms of roof. As stated, the wind load for roofs shall be at least 120
kilograms per square meter for vertical projection.
 ROOF
Roofs provides protection from rain, gusty winds, and heat of sunlight. These forces of
nature, including earthquakes, induces forces on the roof area which are transmitted
towards the structural members of the building. These factors are considered in its
design in accordance with the National Structural Code of the Philippines. On the
other hand, the National Building Code of the Philippines also provided basic
requirements in terms of roof. As stated, the wind load for roofs shall be at least 120
kilograms per square meter for vertical projection.
 STAIRS
Proper access to the various areas in a building is an essential requirement in the
design. Access does not only include the front door access and the back door egress
that is primarily evident in a design. Access in buildings greater than one storey or for
multi-level buildings, stairs is required. The National Building Code of the Philippines
stated that these stairs should be at least 750millimeters in clear width, with a
minimum rise of 200millimeters and a minimum run of 200millimeters. These rise
and run corresponds to the dimensions of a step in the stairs.
 ENTRANCE AND EXIT
As previously mentioned, access in a building includes a front door and a back door.
In relation to this, the National Building Code of the Philippines stated that there
should be at least one entrance and another one for exit. Why should there be two
means of access or egress in a building? This is to ensure that in times of emergency,
even if one of the doors is blocked, there should be an alternative means to exits the
building. This is also in compliance with the provisions from the Fire Code of the
Philippines.
 ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENT
Electricity is important in every building. It is required to enable the use of various
appliances and other electrical devices in the building. Proper electrical system
should be installed in a building. As such, the National Building Code of the
Philippines stated that all electrical installation shall conform with the requirements
of the Philippine Electrical Code.

MECHANICAL REQUIREMENT
In relation to the aforementioned electrical system, mechanical systems in a building
should also be properly installed i.e. large air-conditioning units, complex air shafts
and vent ducts, escalators and elevators. As such, National Building Code of the
Philippines stated that the mechanical systems and/or equipment installation shall be
subject to the requirements of the Philippine Mechanical Engineering Code.
1.10.
Requirements
for Light and
Ventilation
 COURT
Court, or courtyard, is an open area or
an open space surrounded by walls or
buildings.
In relation to courts as stated by the
National Building Code of the
Philippines, the minimum size of
courts, and their least dimensions shall
be based by the use, type of
construction, and the height of the
building, provided that the minimum
horizontal dimension of the court shall
be not less than 2meters. All inner
courts should be connected to a street
or yard by a passageway with a
minimum width of 1.2meters or by a
door through a room or rooms.
 CEILING HEIGHTS
Habitable rooms provided with artificial ventilation shall have ceiling heights not less
than 2.40meters measured from floor to the ceiling. For buildings more than one
storey, the minimum ceiling height of the first storey shall be 2.70meters and for the
second storey shall be 2.40meters, and for the succeeding storeys shall have a typical
unobstructed headroom clearance of not less than 2.10meters above the finished
floor line. On the other hand, rooms with natural ventilation shall have ceiling heights
not less than 2.70meters. Mezzanine floors shall have a clear ceiling height not less
than 1.80meters above and below it. A mezzanine floor is an intermediate floor in a
building which is partly open to a very high floor level with ceiling below. These
mezzanine floors are not considered a full floor level since they do not extend over
the whole floor space of the building. Images illustrating what a mezzanine floor
looks like are shown below.
 SIZE AND DIMENSION OF ROOMS
As such, the National Building Code of the Philippines provided that the minimum size
of rooms for human habitation should be at least 6m2 with a least dimension of
2meters; kitchens should be at least 3m2 with a least dimension of 1.5meters, and;
bathrooms and toilets should be at least 1.2m2 with a least dimension of 0.9meters.

AIR SPACE REQUIREMENTS IN

DETERMINING THE SIZE OF ROOMS
The National Building Code of the Philippines provided that the minimum air space
for a school room shall be have least 3m3 of air space with a 1m2 of floor area per
person; workshops, factories, and offices shall have at least 12m3 of air space per
person, and; habitable rooms shall have have least 14m3 of air space per person. A
simple calculation of this air space is done by multiplying the allotted floor area of a
room with the provided ceiling height on that particular room.
1.11. Sanitation
Provisions
 WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

As stated in the National Building Code of the Philippines, the potable water
requirements for a building used for human habitation shall be supplied from
existing municipal or city waterworks system. The quality of drinking water should
conform to the criteria set in the latest approved National Standards for Drinking
Water. In terms of the sources of water from various wells, the design, construction,
and operation of deep wells for the abstraction of groundwater shall be subject to the
provisions of the Water Code of the Philippines. The design, construction, and
operation of independent waterworks systems in private housing subdivisions or
industrial estates shall be governed by existing laws relating to local waterworks
system. The water piping installations made inside buildings and premises shall
conform to the provisions of the National Plumbing Code of the Philippines.
 WASTEWATER DISPOSAL SYSTEM

As stated in the National Building Code of the Philippines, sanitary sewage from
buildings shall be discharged directly into the nearest street sanitary sewer main of
existing municipal or sanitary sewerage system in accordance with the criteria set by
the Code on Sanitation and the National Pollution Control Commission. As such, all
buildings located in areas where there are no available sanitary sewerage system
shall dispose their sewage in approved private sewage disposal systems i.e. septic
tanks. Sanitary and industrial plumbing installations inside buildings and its premises
shall conform to the provisions of the National Plumbing Code of the Philippines.
 STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM
As stated in the National Building Code of the Philippines, rainwater drainage shall
not be discharge to the sanitary sewer system. As such, adequate provisions shall be
made to drain low areas in buildings and its premises.
 PEST AND VERMIN CONTROL
As stated in the National Building Code of the Philippines, all buildings with hollow
and/or wood construction shall be provided with rat proofing. This may come in
various forms i.e. installing steel rat guards or screens fitted to drainpipes, hard
metal strips fitted to the bottom of opening in doors and windows. Garbage bins and
receptacles shall be provided with ready means for cleaning and with positive
protection against entry of pest and vermin. Dining rooms for public use without
artificial ventilation shall be properly screened.
1.12.
Building
Projection over
Public Street
 PROJECTIONS INTO ALLEYS OR STREETS

No part of any structure shall project into any

alley or street, national road or public highway
except as provided in this Code.
 PROJECTIONS INTO ALLEYS OR STREETS

No part of any structure shall project into any

alley or street, national road or public highway
except as provided in this Code.
 PROJECTIONS INTO ALLEYS OR STREETS

Footings located at least 2.40 meters below

grade along national roads or public highway
may project not more than 300 millimeters
beyond the property line.
 PROJECTIONS INTO ALLEYS OR STREETS

Foundations may be permitted to encroach

into public sidewalk areas to a width not
exceeding 500millimeters; provided that the
top of the said foundation is not less than
600millimeters below the established grade.
PROJECTION OF BALCONIES AND APPENDAGES
OVER STREETS

See the attached table in Module 1.12

PROJECTION OF BALCONIES AND APPENDAGES
OVER STREETS
Arcades
An arcade, from the word arch, is
an arched covering over a
passage or walkway that is
structurally part of its building.
These provide both aesthetics
and structurally sound design on
the building.
PROJECTION OF BALCONIES AND APPENDAGES
OVER STREETS
Arcades
As stated in the NBCP, arcades
shall be constructed on sidewalks
of streets. The width of the
arcade and its height shall be
uniform throughout the street
provided that the arcade shall
not be less than 3meters above
the established sidewalk grade.
PROJECTION OF BALCONIES AND APPENDAGES
OVER STREETS
Canopies (Marquees)
A canopy is a permanent roofed structure
above a door attached to and supported by the
building and projecting over a wall or sidewalk.
As stated in the National Building Code of the
Philippines, the horizontal clearance between
the outermost edge of the canopy and the curb
line shall not be less than 300millimeters.
Aside from this, the vertical clearance between
the pavement or ground line, and the
undersurface of any part of the canopy shall
not be less than 3meters.
PROJECTION OF BALCONIES AND APPENDAGES
OVER STREETS
Movable Awnings or Hoods
An awning is a movable shelter supported
entirely from an exterior wall of a building and
of a type which can be retracted, folded, or
collapsed against the face of a supporting
building.
As stated in the National Building Code of the
Philippines, the horizontal clearance between
the awning and the curb line shall not be less
than 300millimeters. The vertical clearance
between the undermost surface of the awning
and the pavement or ground line shall not be
less than 2.4meters.
PROJECTION OF BALCONIES AND APPENDAGES
OVER STREETS
Doors, Windows, and the like
Doors and windows in buildings are sometimes projected towards the outside
extent of a building especially when these features are opened outwards. These
projections are not excluded from exemption. As stated in the National Building
Code of the Philippines, the doors, windows, and the like less than 2.4meters
above the pavement or ground line should not project beyond the property line
when these are fully opened or upon opening them. Fire Exit Doors are
exempted to this rule since fire exit doors are opened outwards especially
during times of emergency which is supported by the Fire Code of the
Philippines.