Differentiate The Following Functions:: Simple Derivatives A. Practice Questions

INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE
MATH SL
EXERCISES 6.1-6.5
DERIVATIVES
Compiled by Christos Nikolaidis
SIMPLE DERIVATIVES
A. Practice Questions
1. Differentiate the following functions:
y = 7 x 3 − 2 − 5e x − 3 sin x
2 3
y = 1+ +
x x2
2 3
y = x 2 (1 + + )
x x2
y = x + ln x
y = x ln x
ln x
y=
x
2x + 1
y=
3x − 5
1+ x + x2
y=
x2
y = x + ex + ln π
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 1

SL 6.1-6.5 DERIVATIVES
2. Show by using first principles that

(a) The derivative of f ( x ) = x 4 is f ′( x ) = 4 x 3
(b) The derivative of f ( x ) = x 3 + 2 x + 1 is f ′( x ) = 3 x 2 + 2
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(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 2

3. Given the following values at x =1
x f (x) g (x) f ′(x) g ′(x)

1 2 3 4 5
Calculate the derivatives of the following functions at x =1

f ( x)
(a) y = 2 f ( x) + 3g ( x) (b) y = f ( x) g ( x ) (c) y =
g ( x)
(b) y = 2 x 3 + 1 + 5 f ( x)
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(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 3

B. Past Paper Questions (SHORT)
4. Let f (x) = x3 – 2x2 – 1.
(a) Find f ′(x). (b) Find the gradient of the curve of f (x) at the point (2, –1).
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(Total 6 marks)
5. Let f (x) = 6 3 x 2 . Find f ′(x).
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(Total 6 marks)
6. Given the function f (x) = x2 – 3bx + (c + 2), determine the values of b and c such that
f (1) = 0 and f′ (3) = 0.
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(Total 4 marks)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 4

7. Consider the function f (x) = k sin x + 3x, where k is a constant.
(a) Find f ′(x).

π
(b) When x = , the gradient of the curve of f (x) is 8. Find the value of k.
3
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(Total 4 marks)
2
8. Let f (x) = 3 x .
5x − 1
(a) Write down the equation of the vertical asymptote of y = f (x).
Find f ’ (x). Give your answer in the form ax + bx2 where a and b ∈
2
(b) .
(5 x − 1)
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(Total 5 marks)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 5

9. The graph of the function y = f (x), 0 ≤ x ≤ 4, is shown below.
(a) Write down the value of (i) f (1) (ii) f (3)

(b) Write down the value of (i) f ′ (1) (ii) f ′ (3)
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(Total 4 marks)
10. Part of the graph of the periodic function f is shown below. The domain of f is 0 ≤ x ≤ 15 and
the period is 3.
f(x)
4
0 x
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
(a) Find (i) f (2) (ii) f ′(6.5) (iii) f ′(14)

(b) How many solutions are there to the equation f (x) = 1 over the given domain?
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(Total 6 marks)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 6

TANGENT LINE – NORMAL LINE
11. Let f ( x ) = 2 x 2 − 12 x + 10 .
(a) Find the tangent line and the normal line at x = 2
(b) Find the tangent line and the normal line at x = 1
(c) Find the tangent line and the normal line at x = 3
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(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 7

12. Let f ( x ) = 2 x 2 − 12 x + 10 .
(a) Find the tangent line which is parallel to the line y = 4 x − 7
1
(b) Find the tangent line which is perpendicular to the line y = x−7
4
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(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 8

13. Find the equation of the tangent line and the equation of the normal to the curve with equation
y = x3 + 1 at the point (1,2).
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(Total 6 marks)
14. Consider the function f (x) = 4x3 + 2x. Find the equation of the normal to the curve of f at the
point where x =1.
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(Total 6 marks)
15. Find the coordinates of the point on the graph of y = x2 – x at which the tangent is parallel to the
line y = 5x.
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(Total 4 marks)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 9

1
16. Consider the function h (x) = x 5 .
(i) Find the equation of the tangent to the graph of h at the point where x = a, (a ≠ 0). Write
the equation in the form y = mx + c.
(ii) Show that this tangent intersects the x-axis at the point (–4a, 0).
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(Total 5 marks)
17. Consider the function ƒ : x a 3x2 – 5x + k.

The equation of the tangent to the graph of ƒ at x = p is y = 7x – 9.
(a) Write down ƒ′ (x). (b) Find the value of (i) p; (ii) k.
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(Total 6 marks)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 10

18. The following diagram shows part of the graph of a quadratic function, with equation in the form
y = (x − p)(x − q), where p, q ∈ .
(a) Write down

(i) the value of p and of q (ii) the equation of the axis of symmetry of the curve.
(b) Find the equation of the function in the form y = (x − h)2 + k, where h, k ∈ .
dy
(c) Find
dx
(d) Let T be the tangent to the curve at the point (0, 5). Find the equation of T.
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(Total 10 marks)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 11

19. Let f (x) = x3 − 3x2 − 24x +1.
The tangents to the curve of f at the points P and Q are parallel to the x-axis, where P is to the
left of Q.
(a) Calculate the coordinates of P and of Q.
Let N1 and N2 be the normals to the curve at P and Q respectively.

(b) Write down the coordinates of the points where
(i) the tangent at P intersects N2; (ii) the tangent at Q intersects N1.
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(Total 6 marks)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 12

CHAIN RULE
20. Complete the second column in the following tables.

(Please cover the 3rd column before you give your answer; then compare the results)
Derivative f ΄(x) Compare with

Function f (x)
Write down your answer the correct answer
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 13


Function f (x)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 14


Function f (x)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 15


Function f (x)
= ( x − 5) −1
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 16


Function f (x)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 17

21. Differentiate the following functions:

2
+1
(a) f ( x) = 2( x 2 + 5) 3 (b) f ( x) = 2e x
x
−x
(c) f ( x) = 7e + 8e 2
(d) f ( x) = 3 tan 3 x +3
π
(e) f ( x) = ln( x 2 + 1) + 2 cos( x) (f) f ( x) = x 2 + 5 + 3 x
2
(g) f ( x) = 2 x + 5 + (2 x + 5) + (2 x + 5) 3
2
(h) f ( x) = sin 2 x + cos 2 x
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(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 18

ds
22. Find for the following functions
dt
s = 2016 cos t
s = cos( 2016 t )
s = cos(t 2016 )
s = cos 2016 t
23. Given the following values at x =1
x f (x) g (x) f ′(x) g ′(x)

1 2 3 4 5
Calculate the derivatives of the following functions at x =1

(a) y = f (x) 2 (b) y = f (x ) 3 (c) y = ln f ( x )
(d) y = f ( g ( x )) , given that f ′(3) = 6
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(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 19

24. Differentiate each of the following with respect to x.

ln x
(a) y = sin 3x (b) y = x tan x (c) y=
x
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(Total 6 marks)
25. The point P ( 1 , 0 ) lies on the graph of the curve of y = sin (2x –1).
2
Find the gradient of the tangent to the curve at P.
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(Total 4 marks)
26. Let f (x) = (2x + 7)3 and g (x) = cos2 (4x). Find
(a) f ′ (x); (b) g′ (x).
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(Total 6 marks)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 20
27. Differentiate with respect to x: (a) (x2 + l)2. (b) 1n(3x – 1)
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(Total 4 marks)
28. Differentiate with respect to x (a) 3 − 4x (b) esin x
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(Total 4 marks)
x
29. Let f (x) = e 3 + 5cos 2x. Find f′ (x).
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(Total 6 marks)
30. (a) Let f (x) = e5x. Write down f ′ (x). ..........................................................................
(b) Let g (x) = sin 2x. Write down g′ (x). ..........................................................................
(c) Let h (x) = e5x sin 2x. Find h′ (x). ..........................................................................

(Total 6 marks)
31. The population p of bacteria at time t is given by p = 100e0.05t.

Calculate
(a) the value of p when t = 0;
(b) the rate of increase of the population when t = 10.
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(Total 6 marks)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 21

32. Let f (x) = 3x – ex–2 – 4, for –1 ≤ x ≤ 5.

(a) Find the x-intercepts of the graph of f. (3)
(b) On the grid below, sketch the graph of f. (3)
(c) Write down the gradient of the graph of f at x = 2. (1)
y
3
2
1
x
–2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
–6
–7
–8
–9
–10
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(Total 7 marks)
33. Let f (x) = 3 cos 2x + sin2 x.

(a) Show that f ′ (x) = −5 sin 2x.
π 3π
(b) In the interval ≤x≤ , one normal to the graph of f has equation x = k.
4 4
Find the value of k.
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(Total 6 marks)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 22

C. Past Paper Questions (LONG)

(Please answer on separate answer sheets)
34. Let f (x) = 1 + 3 cos (2x) for 0 ≤ x ≤ π, and x is in radians.

(a) (i) Find f′ (x).
(ii) Find the values for x for which f′ (x) = 0, giving your answers in terms of π. (6)
π
The function g (x) is defined as g (x) = f (2x) – 1, 0 ≤ x ≤ .
2
(b) (i) The graph of f may be transformed to the graph of g by a stretch in the x-direction
with scale factor 12 followed by another transformation. Describe fully this other
transformation.
(ii) Find the solution to the equation g (x) = f (x) (4)
(Total 10 marks)
35. The function f (x) is defined as f (x) = –(x – h)2 + k. The diagram below shows part of the graph
of f (x). The maximum point on the curve is P (3, 2).
y
4
P(3, 2)
2
x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6
–2
–4
–6
–8
–10
–12
(a) Write down the value of (i) h (ii) k (2)
(b) Show that f (x) can be written as f (x) = –x2 + 6x – 7. (1)

(c) Find f ′ (x). (2)
The point Q lies on the curve and has coordinates (4, 1). A straight line L, through Q, is
perpendicular to the tangent at Q.
(d) (i) Calculate the gradient of L.
(ii) Find the equation of L.
(iii) The line L intersects the curve again at R. Find the x-coordinate of R. (8)
(Total 13 marks)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 23

36. The function f is defined by f : x a – 0.5 x 2 + 2 x + 2.5.
(a) Write down (i) f ′(x); (ii) f ′(0).

(2)
(b) Let N be the normal to the curve at the point where the graph intercepts the y-axis. Show
that the equation of N may be written as y = –0.5x + 2.5.
(3)
Let g : x a – 0.5 x + 2.5
(c) (i) Find the solutions of f (x) = g (x).
(ii) Hence find the coordinates of the other point of intersection of the normal and the
curve.
(6)
(Total 11 marks)
37. The equation of a curve may be written in the form y = a(x – p)(x – q). The curve intersects the
x-axis at A(–2, 0) and B(4, 0). The curve of y = f (x) is shown in the diagram below.
y
4
A B
–4 –2 0 2 4 6 x
–2
–4
–6
(a) (i) Write down the value of p and of q.
(ii) Given that the point (6, 8) is on the curve, find the value of a.
(iii) Write the equation of the curve in the form y = ax2 + bx + c. (5)
dy
(b) (i) Find .
dx
(ii) A tangent is drawn to the curve at a point P. The gradient of this tangent is 7.
Find the coordinates of P. (4)
(c) The line L passes through B(4, 0), and is perpendicular to the tangent to the curve at B.
(i) Find the equation of L.
(ii) Find the x-coordinate of the point where L intersects the curve again. (6)
(Total 15 marks)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 24

38. The diagram shows the graph of the function f given by f (x) = A sin  π x  + B,
2 
for 0 ≤ x ≤ 5, where A and B are constants, and x is measured in radians.
y (1,3) (5, 3)
(0, 1)
x
0 1 2 3 4 5
(3, –1)
The graph includes the points (1, 3) and (5, 3), which are maximum points of the graph.
(a) Show that A = 2, and find the value of B.

(5)
(b) Show that f′ (x) = π cos  π x  .
2 
(4)
The line y = k – πx is a tangent line to the graph for 0 ≤ x ≤ 5.
(c) Find
(i) the point where this tangent meets the curve;
(ii) the value of k.
(6)
(d) Solve the equation f (x) = 2 for 0 ≤ x ≤ 5.
(5)
(Total 20 marks)
39. The function f is given by

f (x) = 2 x + 1 , x ∈ , x ≠ 3.
x−3
(a) (i) Show that y = 2 is an asymptote of the graph of y = f (x). (2)
(ii) Find the vertical asymptote of the graph. (1)
(iii) Write down the coordinates of the point P at which the asymptotes intersect. (1)
(b) Find the points of intersection of the graph and the axes. (4)
(c) Hence sketch the graph of y = f (x), showing the asymptotes by dotted lines. (4)
(d) Show that f′ (x) = −7 and hence find the equation of the tangent at
( x − 3) 2
the point S where x = 4. (6)
(e) The tangent at the point T on the graph is parallel to the tangent at S.
Find the coordinates of T. (5)
(f) Show that P is the midpoint of [ST]. (l)
(Total 24 marks)
(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 25

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INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE

Compiled by Christos Nikolaidis

1. Differentiate the following functions:

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 1

2. Show by using first principles that

(b) The derivative of f ( x ) = x 3 + 2 x + 1 is f ′( x ) = 3 x 2 + 2

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 2

3. Given the following values at x =1

x f (x) g (x) f ′(x) g ′(x)

Calculate the derivatives of the following functions at x =1

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 3

B. Past Paper Questions (SHORT)

4. Let f (x) = x3 – 2x2 – 1.

5. Let f (x) = 6 3 x 2 . Find f ′(x).

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 4

7. Consider the function f (x) = k sin x + 3x, where k is a constant.

(a) Find f ′(x).

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 5

9. The graph of the function y = f (x), 0 ≤ x ≤ 4, is shown below.

(a) Write down the value of (i) f (1) (ii) f (3)

(a) Find (i) f (2) (ii) f ′(6.5) (iii) f ′(14)

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 6

TANGENT LINE – NORMAL LINE

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 7

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 8

B. Past Paper Questions (SHORT)

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 9

17. Consider the function ƒ : x a 3x2 – 5x + k.

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 10

(a) Write down

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 11

19. Let f (x) = x3 − 3x2 − 24x +1.

Let N1 and N2 be the normals to the curve at P and Q respectively.

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 12

20. Complete the second column in the following tables.

Derivative f ΄(x) Compare with

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 13

Derivative f ΄(x) Compare with

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 14

Derivative f ΄(x) Compare with

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 15

Derivative f ΄(x) Compare with

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 16

Derivative f ΄(x) Compare with

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 17

21. Differentiate the following functions:

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 18

23. Given the following values at x =1

x f (x) g (x) f ′(x) g ′(x)

Calculate the derivatives of the following functions at x =1

(d) y = f ( g ( x )) , given that f ′(3) = 6

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 19

B. Past Paper Questions (SHORT)

24. Differentiate each of the following with respect to x.

(a) f ′ (x); (b) g′ (x).

27. Differentiate with respect to x: (a) (x2 + l)2. (b) 1n(3x – 1)

28. Differentiate with respect to x (a) 3 − 4x (b) esin x

30. (a) Let f (x) = e5x. Write down f ′ (x). ..........................................................................

(b) Let g (x) = sin 2x. Write down g′ (x). ..........................................................................

(c) Let h (x) = e5x sin 2x. Find h′ (x). ..........................................................................

31. The population p of bacteria at time t is given by p = 100e0.05t.

(SL 6.1-6.5) – Page 21

32. Let f (x) = 3x – ex–2 – 4, for –1 ≤ x ≤ 5.