Naida E.

Musa

BECED-1-C

BRIDGING1

CW#14

TASKS:

1. Essential Elements of Poetry

- These elements may include, voice, diction, imagery, figures of speech, symbolism and allegory, syntax,
sound, rhythm and meter, and structure. While we may discuss these elements separately, please keep
in mind that they are always acting simultaneously in a story.

2. Give 1 example for each element

* Voice

I will clean the house every Saturday.

* Diction

The boys are not angry.

* Imagery

Her lips tasted as sweet as sugar.

* Figures of Speech

It is raining cats and dogs

* Symbolism

red rose–symbolizes love and romance.

* Allegory

the surface story might be about two neighbors throwing rocks at each other's homes, but the hidden
story would be about war between countries. Some allegories are very subtle, while others (like the
rock-throwing example) can be more obvious.

* Syntax

Jillian hit the ball

* Sound
an airplane taking off.

3. Define and get 1 example for each:

a. Haiku- The haiku is a Japanese poetic form that consists of three lines, with five syllables in the first
line, seven in the second, and five in the third. The haiku developed from the hokku, the opening three
lines of a longer poem known as a tanka.

EXAMPLE:

“A Poppy Blooms” by Katsushika Hokusai

I write, erase, rewrite

Erase again, and then

A poppy blooms.

b. Sonnet- A sonnet consists of 14 lines. ... The first three subgroups have four lines each, which makes
them “quatrains,” with the second and fourth lines of each group containing rhyming words. The sonnet
then concludes with a two-line subgroup, and these two lines rhyme with each other. There are typically
ten syllables per line. The word “sonnet” comes from the Italian word sonetto. And what does it mean?
Literally, “little song.” Since sonnets follow a strict rhyme scheme, they can definitely sound melodic
when read aloud.

EXAMPLE:

"My Mistress’ Eyes Are Nothing Like the Sun" by William Shakespeare

My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;

Coral is far more red than her lips' red;

If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;

If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.

I have seen roses damasked, red and white,

But no such roses see I in her cheeks;

And in some perfumes is there more delight

Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks.

I love to hear her speak, yet well I know

That music hath a far more pleasing sound;

I grant I never saw a goddess go;

My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground.

And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare

As any she belied with false compare.

c. Limerick- A limerick is a humorous poem consisting of five lines. The first, second, and fifth lines
must have seven to ten syllables while rhyming and having the same verbal rhythm. The third and fourth
lines should only have five to seven syllables; they too must rhyme with each other and have the same
rhythm.

EXAMPLE:

"A Book of Nonsense" by Edward Lear

There was an Old Man with a beard, Who said, 'It is just as I feared! Two Owls and a Hen, Four Larks and
a Wren, Have all built their nests in my beard!'

d. Villanelle- A villanelle, also known as villanesque, is a nineteen-line poetic form consisting of five
tercets followed by a quatrain.

EXAMPLE:

The House on the Hill

BY EDWIN ARLINGTON ROBINSON

They are all gone away,

The House is shut and still,

There is nothing more to say.

Through broken walls and gray

The winds blow bleak and shrill:

They are all gone away.

Nor is there one to-day

To speak them good or ill:

There is nothing more to say.

Why is it then we stray

Around the sunken sill?

They are all gone away,

And our poor fancy-play

For them is wasted skill:

There is nothing more to say.

There is ruin and decay

In the House on the Hill:

They are all gone away,

There is nothing more to say.

4.Techniques in Writing a Poem (define and get example for each)

a. Imagery- visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work. Poets create
imagery by using figures of speech like simile (a direct comparison between two things); metaphor
(comparison between two unrelated things that share common characteristics); personification (giving
human attributes to nonhuman things); and onomatopoeia (a word that mimics the natural sound of a
thing).

EXAMPLE:

She accepted the bouquet. It was filled with her favorite flowers - white roses, purple irises, and soft
sprays of baby’s breath. The flowers swayed in the breeze, almost as if they were dancing in her delight.

b. Repetition- Anaphora involves the repetition of a word or words at the beginning of phrases,
whereas epistrophe (also known as epiphora) repeats a word or words at the end of successive phrases.
Polyptoton: Polyptoton is a specific form of repetition wherein a writer repeats a different word with the
same root.

EXAMPLE:

Edgar Allan Poe’s most famous poems, “The Bells” (1849):

To the tintinabulation that so musically wells

From the bells, bells, bells, bells,

Bells, bells, bells—

From the jingling and the tinkling of the bells.

c. Refrain- Refrain is a verse, a line, a set, or a group of lines that appears at the end of stanza, or
appears where a poem divides into different sections. It originated in France, where it is popular as,
refraindre, which means “to repeat.” Refrain is a poetic device that repeats, at regular intervals, in
different stanzas.

EXAMPLE:

Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night (By Dylan Thomas)

“Do not go gentle into that good night,

Old age should burn and rave at close of day;

Rage, rage against the dying of the light…

“And you, my father, there on the sad height,

Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray.

Do not go gentle into that good night.

Rage, rage against the dying of the light.”

d. Symbolism- In symbolism, the symbols align with the overall tone and theme of the poem. That is, if
it's a tough subject, the words take on a negative or morose tone, while the symbols evoke images of
cold or dark objects. These indicators also align with the theme, or overall message, of the poem.
Symbolism is to convey the hidden meaning to the reader or listener. It tells us about artistic expression
and represents abstract ideas. A writer can use a person, place, word, action, and object as a symbol. To
covey his mood and emotion, the writer uses symbolism. It can be in a visual image or gesture. It helps
in creating meanings and emotions in writing. Usually, symbolism contains several layers of meaning,
which are robbed in different aspects and concepts. It gives depth to writing that cannot be expressed
straightforwardly. It helps the writer to convey his thoughts on multiple levels

EXAMPLE:

Ah! Sun-flower – William Blake

Ah Sun-flower, weary of time,

Who countest the steps of the sun;

Seeking after the sweet golden clime

Where the traveler’s journey is done

In this poem, the sunflower is used as the symbol for human and the ‘sun’ symbolizes life. These lines
are actually about the life of a human being that how the cycle of our lives is going on. How generation
after generation man walks on the same tracks which the previous one had passed.

e. Allusion- An allusion is when an author or poet makes an indirect reference to some idea, figure,
other text, place, or event that originates from outside the text. It could also refer to something that
happens earlier in the text; this is often called an "internal allusion" (as opposed to a regular, or
"external," allusion).

EXAMPLE:

Nothing Gold Can Stay 1923 by Robert Fross

Then leaf subsides to leaf.

So Eden sank to grief,

So dawn goes down to day.

Nothing gold can stay.

5. Next meeting, we will talk about Visual Poetry. Read and undertand about the ff. Look at the
examples for each:

a. Altar Poetry- An altar poem is a pattern poem in which the lines are arranged to look like the form
of an altar. The text and shape relate to each other, the latter usually giving added meaning to the poem
itself.

EXAMPLE:
 b. Shape Poetry- A shape poem is a poem that takes on the shape of the thing you're writing about.
So, if you wanted to write a poem about an apple, you could write it inside of the outline of an apple, or
you could write a short poem and make the words the outline of the apple. ... Then, take those words
and form them into your shape.

EXAMPLE:
 c. Acrostic Poetry- An acrostic poem is a poem where the first letter of each line (or the last letter of
each line) spells out a specific word.

EXAMPLE: