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    104 views19 pages

    Is Code - Gravely and Bouldery Reaches Hydraulic Design of Barrages & Weir

    Uploaded by

    Manikandan

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    J-@ eee geegeeBisepmikriklirtirgtrEinkt &@ 4 Ay DaRALUC DESIGN OF BARRAGES 4 WIA GRAVELY AND BOULDERY REACH osu SMReREEREERE ERE ERE REE RE RE EEE EE DRAFT AMENDMENT IN” ] Document Dispatch Advice WIDE CIRCULATION | - nc as ee] WRD 22/7-27 13 FEB 2015 TECHNICAL COMMITTEE: Flood Management Erosion Management and Diversion Works Sectional Committee, WRD 22 ADDRESSED TO: 1. All Members of Flood Management Erosion Management and Diversion Works Committee, WRD 22 2. All Interested Members of Water Resources Division Council 3. All others interested Dear Sir(s), As per the decision taken in the 15" meeting of the WRD 22 sectional committee, we are posting the draft standard as mentioned below on the BIS website www.bis.org.in for your ready reference. BOC.NO, TITLE, Doe WRD 22 626 ) Hydraulic Design of Barrages and Weirs- Guldelines: Part 2 Alluvial Reaches (First Revision) Kindly examine this draft and forward your views stating any difficulties which you are likely to experience in your business or profession, if this is finally adopted as a national standard. Last Date for Comment is 15 MAR 2015 In case no comments are received or comments received are of editorial nature, you will kindly permit us to presume your approval for the above documents as finalized. However, in case of comments of technical in nature are received then it may be finalized cither in consultation with the Chairman, Sectional Committee or referred to the Sectional committee for further neces if so desired by the Chairman, Sectional Committee. Comments, if any, may please be made in the format as annexed and mailed to the undersigned at ‘wrd.bis@email.com’. Comments will be appreciated in electronic form at the e-mail address ary action Thanking you, Yours faithfully, (J.C Arora) Sc.F & Head (WRD) incl: as above. Note: The stacked document are for sonr comments and connot be used fr anyother purpose as the same are under Copyright Act For official use only DOC: WRD 22626) Feb 2015 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS Dratt Indian Standard HYDRAULIC DESIGN OF BARRAGES AND WEIRS — GUIDELINES PART 2 GRAVELY AND BOULDERY REACHES (Not to be reproduced without the permission of BIS or used as standard) Last date for receipt of comments is 15-03-2015 FOREWORD (Formal clauses of the foreword will be added later) Agriculture and hydropower plays an important role in the economy of our country. For proper development of agriculture and hydro power, we need to tap the river water and take it to fields/power house through irrigation canals/tunnels/ power channels. Diversion of water from rivers is achieved by construction of barrages and weirs across them. With increased emphasis on riculture and hydropower in our planning, these diversion structures are also becoming portant in terms of their use and money spent on them. A need has thus been felt to lay down the guidelines for hydraulic design of barrages and weirs in gravely and bouldery reaches. Foundations on which barrages and weirs have to be constructed may be permeable or impermeable. The criteria for hydraulic design will be different for different reaches. This part (part 2) has been formulated for gravely and bouldery reaches. Part 1 of the standard is formulated for alluvial reaches, For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shail be rounded off in accordance with IS 2 : 1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised).' The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard. 4SCOPE This standard lays down guidelines for hydraulic design of barrages and weirs in gravelly and bouldery rivers. 2 REFERENCES 241 The Indian Standards listed below contain provisions which through reference in this text constitute provisions of this standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision and parties to agreements based on these standards are raged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards Title Hydrometric determination - Vocabulary and Symbols (Second Revision) Liquid flow measurement in open channels - Slope-area method ( first revision) 4440(Part 3): Glossary of terms relating to river valley projects Part 8 River and river iraining (first revision) 4410(Part 5):1982 Glossary of terms relating to river valley projects Part 5 Canals (first revision) 4410(Part 12):1993 Glossary of terms relating to river valley projects Part 12 diversion works 4410(Part 22):1994 Glossary of terms relating to river valley projects Part 22 Barrages & Weirs 4997:1968 Criteria for design of hydraulic jump type basins with horizontal and sloping apron. 5477(Part 4):1971 Methods for fixing the capacities of reservoirs Part 4 Flood storage IS 5529 (Part 1): Code of practice for in-situ permeability test: Part 1 Test in overburden 2013 (second revision) 5529(Part 2):2006 Code of practice for In-Sit permeability test Part 1 Test in bedrock ( Second Revision} 6986(Part 1):1989 Hydraulic design of barrages and weirs Guidelines, Part 2 Alluvial reaches 107511994 Planning and design of guide banks for alluvial rivers - Guidelines (first revision) 13495: 1992 Design of sediment excluders — Guidelines IS 15119 (Part 2): Measurement of liquid flow in open channels - Part 2 Determination of the 2014! ISO 1100- _stage-discharge relation 2:2010 3 TERMINOLOGY For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions and those given in IS 1191:1971, IS 4410(Part 3):1988 and 4410 (Part 5):1982, IS 4410(Part 12):1990, IS 4410(Part 22):1994 shall apply. 3.1 Afflux Tho rise of water level above its original level upstream of the diversion structure, in a channel or river, 3.2 Barrage A barrier with low crest provided with a series of gates across the river to regulate water surface ‘evel and pattern of flow upstream and other purposes, distinguished from a weir in that itis gated over its entire length and may or may not have a raised sill. 3.3 Boulder River-Bome rocky material of the average diameter more than 300 mm. 3.4 Concentration Factor _u./§ _ eaBBeaeeaeeaeaegtgrerTs"s"|"*"*"”, |. weir with its length less than the width of the approach channel, and which is used to give a greater head for relatively low discharges in wide channels. 3.5 Dominant Flood Discharge discharge at bank full stage or corresponding to which the mean annual sediment transport is 3.6 Exit Gradient (GE) It is the slope (or gradient) of hydraulic grade line for subsoil seepage flow, at the exit end of tho structure where the seepage water comes out from subsoil 3.8.1 Critical Exit Gradient (GEC) Iris the exit gradient at the oritical stage when the upward seepage force acting on soil at the exit end of the structure is exactly balanced by the submerged weight of the river bed material. It may be expressed mathematically as GEC = (S—1) (1 — 1) where ‘S's the specific gravity of material and ‘ris its porosity 3.6.2 Safe Exit Gradient (GES) Critical exit gradient divided by factor of safety (see 19.5) gives the safe exit gradient. 3.6.3 Piping When the actual exit gradient (GE) exceeds the critical gradient (GEC), the river bed material at the exit end gets floated up and moves away due to buoyancy. This results in the formation of hollow pipe-like cavities under the barrage floor, leading to undermining of the structure. 3.7 Gravel River-borne rocky material of the size varying from 4.75 mm to 60 mm average diameter. The level of water, immediately upstream of the barrage/weir, required to facilitate withdrawal into the canal or for any other purpose. 39 Weir Barrier across a water course to raise the water level in the course with or without low shutters! gates. 4 DATA REQUIRED The following data are essential for hydraulic design of barrage or weir in gravelly and bouldery er8: a) An INDEX MAP showing catchment of the entire river valley upstream of the proposed site of work with position of important irrigation works and power projects, road and railway network and gauge and discharge observation sites on the river, if any. b) A contour plan of the area around the proposed site of the weir or barrage with contour intervals of not more than 0.8 m, up to an elevation of at least 2.5 m above the high flood level. The contour pian shall extend up to a distance at which back water is likely to be affected PRS RERERERE REE RE REESE ERE EEE ©) Cross-sections of the river at the proposed site at intervals of 50 m both on upstream andl downstream at least 1 km from the proposed site. Besides these, cross-sections of the river at 200 m interval to a distance, up to which the back-water effect of ponding is likely to extend on the upstream of the site. If the topography indicates appreciable fall in the river slope, cross-sections may be taken at closer intervals depending on site conditions, during detailed design stago. d) Longitudinal section of the river with observed water levels along the deep channel for a distance from 1 km downstream of the site up to 3 km OR the distance up to which the backwater effect is likely to extend upstream of the site, whichever is more. €) Log charts of initial bore holes normally drilled 100 m apart along the axis of the weir or barrage and along divide walls and under abutments to a depth of 20 m or in accordance with design requirements below the deepest river bed level. For barrages on rivers with more than 3000 cumecs discharge, the spacing and depth of bore holes may be decided based on the site requirements. Such log charts of holes along the upstream and downstream cutoff lines may be taken to decide the bottom level of cutoff and drainage arrangements in case impermeable strata are met with. og shrines esr 1) Permeability test may be conducted tithe bore holes mentioned'ih") and f) for assessin: the volume of seepage flow below the structure as recommended in§16520(Part 1) and ‘eitenr) Sizes of the bed material should be carefully analysed and the grain size curve including even the largest size of stone) prepared. Where large size boulders exist, help of divers may be, taken for under-water measurement of boulder sizes and approximate gradation. This can be done only during the dry seasons, when the river water level is the lowest. In case the test ci special arrangement consisting of steel frames base plate fixed on the bed under water and dead load on platform above water level from where load is transferred on the base plate, may have io be adopted. Bearing capacity can be assessed also by SPT method. » ‘GStaeis6a asec risaifoue, = nro k) If large isolated boulders exist in the river bed, these may have to be blasted, to get a level base for the barrage foundation. No drilling is necessary through such boulders. in gauge stations in and around the catchment, for as many years as possible, shall be collected. Automatic rain gauge station may be installed at the Project Site. n) “Witenmiation régarairigiaimum flood discharge and high flood level from flood marks and local enquiry of the site of the work needs to be collected. o)"Dalitenstagetd clecharge dala a herve at or neer the site of proposed work with stages and discharges, during floods, for as many years as possible, shall be collected. A gauging station at or near the proposed site of work shall be established as soon as the peje wok teqe discharge datassholld be collected. . At least one gauge should be established id one downstream of t Jails avellable over @ number of years, at an established gauging site elther on the upstream or on the downstream of the proposed site, the flow at the proposed site may 69 estimated by developing a statistical best fit for correlation between data at ste and the data available at the distant sito or by correlating the flows. *) Observations in regard to bed and suspended silt shail be mado at periodicintervals. The frequency should be increased during monsoon months to prepare sediment rating curve {or finding the average annual sediment load incoming into the pond. 5) Navigabilty of the river before and after the construction of barrage/weir. Expected numbers of vessels which may cross the lock, per hour. +) Fishiculture and existing fisheries including types of migrating fish for wich fishwvays to be "owes ui) Other materials, such as logs, bamboos, ete, which are transported by the river for which Jongways to be provided. vy) Ca ss Sans mmc ova Pepie .w) Aerial map of the flood plain indicating dominant river course for the past years for deciding the location of barrage, guide bunds, approach embankments, off-take points, etc. 1) Sues maytenaie ty structures upstre: a 2) Land submerged and existing land uses, people affected, flora and fauna, wild Ife sanctuaries etc. 5 DESIGN FLOOD DISCHARGE For purposes of design of items other than free board, a design flood of 100 year frequency may hormally suffice. For designing the free board, a minimum of 500 year frequency flood or the ctandard project flood [see IS 5477(Part 4)| may be desirable. The design flood shoul be fixed as given below: S.No Classification Hydraulic Head i Design Fiood for Freeboard 1 ‘Small 7.5 mito 12m tooyears —-500._yeers/SPF, whichever is higher 2 Intermediate 12m to 30m SPF 4 in 1000 year flood 3 Large Greaterthan 90m = PMF PMF Note — SPF is standard project flood and PMF is probable maximum flood 6 STAGE DISCHARGE (RATING) CURVE 6-4. Inthe absence of detailed data, preliminary rating curve may be prepared by computing the discharges at different water levels using the following formu —~—_ SESS RSRERERERSERERERE EE Where Q= ig S oe mis A = area of cross-section of flow; m?A = hydraulic mean radius in m; and S= friction slope. 6.2 The stage discharge curve obtained from 6.1 is for the existing unretrograded condition of the river. This stage discharge curve will have to be modified to account for possible retrogression in the river after the construction of a weir or a barrage. This may be done by suitable reduction of the stages at high and low discharges with proportionate reduction of stages at intermediate discharges and by redrawing the curve through these points. 7 POND LEVEL large into the canal and work 8 FRLIMWLIMDDL : In case of hydro power projects, the terms Full Reservoir Level ( FRL), Maximum Water Level ( MWL) and Minimum Draw Down Level ( MDDL) shall have the same Meaning as given in IS-4410,Part6. 9 PERMISSIBILE AFFLUX 9.1 The waterway of the barrage/weir is governed by the permissible afflux (at the design flood) to be permitted and the proposed crest levels. It is important for the design of downstream cistern, flood protection and river training works, upstream and downstream loose protections and upstream and downstream cutofis. 9.2 In case of barrages or 10 RETROGRESSION In gravelly and bouldery rivers, retrogression of the dowinstream bed is considerably less than in alluvial reaches. A value of 0.5 m may be adopted at lower river stages, which may be reduced to 0.3 m in high flood stages. This value can be reviewed after the construction of barrage or observation of G&D data on the downstream. 11 WATERWAY 14.1 For deciding the preliminary waterway (‘P’) of the barrage in Bouldery River, the following formulae developed by different Engineers may be used as guidance. a) Using P. Sen's formula = P=Qq 4=6.56%D" xK™ Where, = Intensity of the discharge; D = Total depth of flow (regime depth); and K = Average diameter of the stone in the bed. b) Using R.Garde's formula :- (Pidsq)=3.872xQ,° Q, = Qflds,?

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