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Book

 of  Life:  enhancing  personal  strengths  


Luis  Farfallini  a,  Ernes/na  Etchemendy  b,  Berenice  Serrano  a-­‐b,  Juana  Bretón-­‐López  a-­‐b,  Cris/na  Botella  a-­‐b,  Rosa  M.  Baños  b-­‐c  (banos@uv.es)  
a  Universitat  Jaume  I  (Spain),  b  CIBER  de  Fisiopatología  de  la  Obesidad  y  Nutrición  (CIBEROBN),  c  Universitat  de  Valencia  (Spain)  

Using  SPSS  20,  a  paired-­‐sample  t-­‐test  was  conducted  to  compare  VAS  evalua/on  in  pre-­‐session  and  post-­‐session  reports.  Also,  a  one-­‐way  between  subjects  ANOVA  was  conducted  to  

Objec7ve   Results   compare  the  MC  report  a]er  each  session.  


Data   show   that   there   was   significant   difference   a]er   each   session.   Posi/ve   emo/ons   like   Joy,   Relax   and   Vigor   increased   sta/s/cally   significantly,   and   the   nega/ve   ones,   like   Anger,  
Anxiety,  Exhaus/on  and  Boredom  decreased  sta/s/cally  significantly.  
EARTH   of   Wellbeing   is   a   “Posi/ve   Technology”   (PT)  
(Botella   et   al.,   2012;   Riva   et   al.,   2012)   that   consists   of   a  
self-­‐applied   system   aimed   to   promote   posi/ve   VAS  
Session  1   Session  2   Session  3   Session  4  
emo/ons  and  psychological  strengths  using  3  modules     Mean   σ   t   df   p   Mean   σ   t   df   p   Mean   σ   t   df   p   Mean   σ   t   df   p  
Pre   4.31   1.31   -­‐4.81   61   0.000   4.39   1.08   -­‐4.68   61   0.000   4.23   0.92   -­‐4.59   61   0.000   4.48   1.19   -­‐4.86   61   Session  1   Session  2  
of  ac/vi/es  (Baños  et  al.,  2012).  Book  of  Life  (BL)  is  one   Joy  
Post   5.05   1.26   5.02   1.11   4.80   0.93   4.97   1.20  
0.000  
7   7  
module   which   works   as   a   personal   diary   (blog)   where   Pre   3.47   1.76   -­‐2.52   61  
Relax   0.015   3.61   1.59   -­‐3.66   61   0.001   3.41   1.36   -­‐3.31   61   0.002   3.54   1.47   -­‐2.86   61   0.006  
the   par/cipants   write   their   memories,   focusing   on   Post   3.97   1.74   4.19   1.47   3.89   1.34   3.90   1.58   6   6  
different   personal   psychological   strengths   through   Vigor  
Pre   3.94   1.55   -­‐2.50   61   0.015   4.21   1.27   -­‐1.33   61   0.189   4.02   1.16   -­‐2.80   61   0.007   4.08   1.32   -­‐3.88   61   0.000   5   5  
Post   4.29   1.51   4.42   1.35   4.33   1.26   4.51   1.41  
posi/ve   narra/ves   targeted   in   posi/ve   reminiscence  
Pre   1.26   0.85   2.19   61   0.033   1.29   0.80   0.62   61   0.536   1.43   1.04   2.42   61   0.018   1.26   0.63   2.27   61   0.027   4   4  
and  exercises  of  visualiza/on  towards  future.     Anger  
Post   1.06   0.31   1.24   0.50   1.20   0.51   1.08   0.28  
  Pre   1.92   1.09   4.89   61  
Anxiety   0.000   1.85   1.13   2.94   61   0.005   2.20   1.36   4.28   61   0.000   2.38   1.38   4.07   61   0.000   3   3  
The   goal   of   the   present   work   is   to   analyse   the   BL’s   Post   1.42   0.78   1.55   0.90   1.75   0.99   1.93   1.21  
Pre   1.24   0.74   2.31   61   2   2  
efficacy  to  improve  posi:ve  mood  a<er  using  the  tool   Boredom   0.024   1.24   0.67   2.17   61   0.034   1.23   0.59   1.94   61   0.057   1.34   0.83   3.08   61   0.003  
Post   1.08   0.33   1.13   0.59   1.13   0.50   1.18   0.56  
along  one  month.   Pre   1.81   1.10   3.69   61   1.74   1.16   2.02   1.27   2.08   1.33  
1   1  
Exhaus7on   0.000   3.73   61   0.000   4.13   61   0.000   2.71   61   0.009   Pre   Post   Pre   Post  
Post   1.47   0.84   1.35   0.70   1.59   0.96   1.75   1.34  
Pre   1.58   1.03   -­‐0.39   61   0.699   1.47   0.78   -­‐1.00   61   0.321   1.75   1.03   0.74   61   0.461   1.61   0.94   -­‐0.19   61   0.849   Session  3   Session  4  
Sadness  

Method  
Post   1.63   1.13   1.55   0.90   1.67   0.81   1.62   0.93  
7   7  
Pre   1.76   1.13   -­‐1.02   61   0.313   1.39   0.91   -­‐1.46   61   0.150   1.28   0.80   -­‐1.18   61   0.242   1.38   1.02   -­‐0.44   61   0.658  
Surprise  
Post   1.94   1.50   1.60   1.26   1.38   0.82   1.41   1.01   6   6  
Pre   1.47   0.97   1.43   61   0.159   1.35   0.81   0.62   61   0.536   1.46   0.91   2.27   61   0.027   1.44   0.96   -­‐0.47   61  
Sixty-­‐two   par/cipants   (volunteer   students   aged   from   Loneliness   0.643  
5   5  
Post   1.34   0.79   1.31   0.71   1.28   0.76   1.49   1.16  
18  to  41,  mean  of  24.89;  17  men)  used  BL  4  /mes,  1  per  
week,  along  1  month.     4   4  
Before  and  a]er  each  session,  par/cipants  fulfilled:     Post  Session  1   Post  Session  2   Post  Session  3   Post  Session  4    Sessions   There   was   not   a   significant   effect   of   MC   on   3   3  
-­‐    VAS   (Visual   Analogue   Scale):   “Tell   us   how   you   feel     Mean   σ   Mean   σ   Mean   σ   Mean   σ   F  (1,  61)   p   Sessions   at   the   p<.05   level   [F(1,   61)=1.84,  
Mood  Change   5.25   1.04   5.47   0.97   5.17   0.99   5.15   1.04   1.84   0.144   2   2  
each  of  these  emoJons  at  this  moment”  (1=  Nothing  at   p=0.144].   That   means   that   during   all  
all;  2=  Very  licle;  3=  Licle;  4=  Something;  5=  Quite;  6=   sessions,  par/cipants  report  the  same  mood   1   1  
Much;   7=   Completely),   assessing   several   posi/ve   and   Mood  Change   changes.   Pre   Post   Pre   Post  
nega/ve   emo/ons:   Joy,   Relax,   Vigor,   Anger,   Anxiety,   7  
Boredom,  Exhaus/on,  Sadness,  Surprise,  &  Loneliness.  
 
A]er  each  session,  par/cipants  fulfilled:  
6  

5  
Conclusions  
Results   show   sta/s/cally   significant   increases   of   posi/ve   mood   (Joy,   Relax   and  
-­‐   MC   ques7onnaire   (Mood   Change):   “If   you   compare   4  
Vigor)  and  decreases  of  nega/ve  mood  (Anger,  Anxiety,  Exhaus/on,  Boredom)  in  
your   mood   before   and   aKer   the   session   of   today,   how   all  sessions  with  BL.    
3  
do  you  feel  now?”;    1=  Much  worse;  2=  Precy  Worst;  3=   These  results  were  similar  for  the  4  sessions,  with  no  changes  in  the  effec/veness  
Worse;  4=  Equal;  5=  Becer;  6=  Precy  Becer;  7=  Much   2  
of  BL  along  the  1  month  interven/on.    
becer.   1   In   those   sessions   where   the   differences   were   not   significant   (session   2   for   Vigor   &  
Session  1   Session  2   Session  3   Session  4   Anger;   session   3   for   Boredom),   there   were   changes   in   the   same   direc/on   of   the  
trend  described  (increases  in  posi/ve  mood,  decreases  in  nega/ves).  
Besides  this  for  some  VAS  measurements  (Sadness,  Surprise  &  for  Loneliness  in  one  session)  there  were  no  sta/s/cally  significant  changes.  
References:   In  addi/on,  users  report  feeling  “Becer“  in  all  sessions  (MC).  
Baños,  R.M.,  Botella,  C.,  Etchmendy,  E.  y  Farfallini,  L.  (2012).  Earth  of  wellbeing:  a  place  to  live  posi/ve  emo/ons.  Studies  in  health  technology  and  informaJcs,  181,  310-­‐313.   A  PT  could  be  defined  as  the  combina/on  of  Posi/ve  Psychology  objec/ves  with  enhancements  of  Informa/on  and  Communica/on  Technologies  
Botella,  C.,  Riva,  G.,  Gaggioli,  A.,  Wiederhold,  B.K.,  Alcaniz,  M.  y  Baños,  R.M.  (2012).  The  Present  and  Future  of  Posi/ve  Technologies.  Cyberpsychology,  Behavior  And  Social  Networking,  15(2),  78-­‐84.   (ICTs),  with  the  aim  to  use  technology  to  enhance  the  features  of  our  personal  experience,  increasing  wellness,  genera/ng  strengths  and  resilience  
Riva,  G.,  Baños,  R.,  Botella,  C.,  Wiederhold,  B.K.  &  Gaggioli,  A.  (2012).  Posi/ve  Technology:  Using  Interac/ve  Technologies  to  Promote  Posi/ve  Func/oning.  Cyberpsychology,  Behavior  And  Social  
Networking,  15(2),  69-­‐77.  
(Riva  et  al.,  2012).  As  well,  BL  could  be  considered  as  a  useful  PT,  to  help  users  to  achieve  posi/ve  emo/onal  states  and  wellness  in  the  short  term.  

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