7/8

TLE
(Front Services)
Quarter 1

LEARNER’S MATERIAL
 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall
subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior
approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created
shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency
or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos,

brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their
respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and
seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright
owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

This module was carefully examined and revised in accordance with the
standards prescribed by the DepEd Region 4A and Curriculum and Learning
Management Division CALABARZON. All parts and sections of the module are
assured not to have violated any rules stated in the Intellectual Property Rights
for learning standards. For enrichment of learning, schools are advised to make
use of existing NC-Based TESDA Materials.

The Editors

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 TLE
(Front Services)
Grade 7/8

Schools Division Office Management Team: Mario B. Maramot, Rosalinda A. Mendoza,

Melanie C. Ditaonon, Edmund M. Evangelista, Macaria Carina C. Carandang

TLE (Front Services) Grade 7/8

PIVOT IV-A Learner’s Material
First Edition, 2020

Published by: Department of Education Region IV-A CALABARZON

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 Using Tools, Equipment and Paraphernalia
Lesson
I
At the end of the lesson you are expected to identify FOS tools, equipment,
and paraphernalia applicable to a specific job, use FOS tools, equipment, and
paraphernalia and conduct self-evaluation on the required performance.

FOS TOOLS, EQUIPMENT, AND PARAPHERNALIA

1. The room rack is where registration records are kept. It is considered as the
most important piece of front office equipment. Sometimes, it is also array of
metal file pockets designed to hold room rack slips that display guest and room
status information. When key slots are added to the room rack, it can serve as a
combination of room and key rack. Front Desk Officers normally use room rack
slips information to match available rooms with guests needs during the
registration process.

2. Key Rack is an array of numbered compartments used to store guestroom

keys. These are often placed in front desk drawers to ensure the safety and
security of guests.
3. Reservation Racks are special board or series of pigeonholes where cards are
placed to show which room have been booked. Front office uses both two types
of reservation racks. In advance reservation racks, registration cards are
arranged by the guest’s scheduled dates of arrival and with each day’s
grouping. A current reservation racks is used by the front desk agents to assists
in processing guests during registration.
4. An information rack is an index of in-house guests, by both last name and
room number. It is commonly used to assist from office employees with proper
routing of telephone calls, mails and others. The information rack normally
consists of aluminum slots designed to hold guest information slips.
5. Folio Tray or folio bucket is where the guest folios are stored and arranged by
guestroom numbers. Guest folios remain in the tray throughout the occupancy
stage of the guest cycle, except when they are used in posting transactions. A
second folio trays is normally located in the hotel’s accounting office. Once the
accounts of guest are settles, the folios are moved to permanent storage
location.
6. An account posting machine is used to post, monitor, and balance charges
and credits to guest accounts.
7. Voucher Rack is a container for storing vouchers for future reference and
verification during the night audit.
8. Cash Register is used to record to cash transactions and maintain cash
balances.
9. Telephone equipment consists of call accounting systems, automatic call
dispensing, telephone / room status system, fax machine and call detection.
10. Credit Card Imprinter presses credit card voucher against a guest credit
card.
11. Magnetic strip reader magnetically encoded and stored on magnetic tape
strip on credit card.
12. Time stamp recording is important for establishment of chronology of events.
13. Multi Zone Clock is an indicator of the time at different time zones across the
world.

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON 4
D
Learning Task 1: Match the meaning and functions in Column A with the terms
in Column B. Write only the letter of your answer.

Column A Column B

1. It is used to record to cash transactions and a. Voucher Rack

maintain cash balances. b. Account Posting
2. An index of in-house guests, by both last name Machine
and room number. c. Telephone
3. It is used to post, monitor, and balance charges Equipment
and credits to guest accounts. d. Guest Folios
4. An array of numbered compartments used to e. Multi Zone Clock
store guestroom keys. f. Information Rack
5. A container for storing vouchers for future g. Cash Register
reference and verification during the night audit. h. Folio Trays
6. An indicator of the time at different time zones i. Reservation Racks
across the world. j. Key Rack
7. A special board or series of pigeonholes where k. Room Rack
cards are put to show which room have been
booked.
8. It remains in the tray throughout the occupancy
stage of the guest cycle, except when they are
used in posting transactions.
9. It is considered as the most importance piece of
front office equipment.
10. It consists of call accounting systems, automatic
call dispensing, telephone / room status system,
fax machine and call detection.

E
Learning Task 2: Complete the table below. Write the FOS tools, equipment,
and materials in each column.

MATERIALS TOOLS EQUIPMENT

A
Learning Task 3: Using the table in the Learning Task 2, define each FOS
materials, tools and equipment.

5 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 Maintaining Tools, Equipment and Par-
aphernalia
Lesson
I
At the end of the lesson you are expected to perform after-care activities
for tools, equipment, and paraphernalia and conduct self-evaluation on the
required performance
How to Clean a PC?
Regular cleaning can significantly increase the lifespan of your computer,
and if you stay on top of it, cleaning will only take a few minutes each time. See
Step 1 below to get started.
A. Cleaning the Case
1. Setup an area where you can blow dust. You will be using compressed air
and a vacuum to remove the majority of the dust from the inside of your
computer, so set up an area that you can blow dust out without worrying
about getting other things dirty. A garage or workbench is a good choice,
or you can go outside if it's a dry day.
Try to set up a table so that you can easily access the computer without
having to bend over or set it on the ground.
2. Gather your supplies. You will need a Phillips screwdriver, compressed air
(either in a can or via a compressor), a small vacuum that can fit in
narrow crevices, a toothbrush, and 99% isopropyl alcohol.
Do not use an old vacuum with a metal tip, as these are usually poorly
grounded and can damage your components. The best option is a newer
handheld vacuum with an extendable plastic hose.
The toothbrush should have soft bristles and should be new.
3. Power down the computer and unplug all of the peripherals. Shut down
your computer and disconnect all of the cables on the back. Make sure
that the monitor is unplugged, and that any USB cables, Ethernet cables,
speaker cables, or anything else is unplugged as well. Flip the switch on
the power supply and then remove the power cable.
4. Set the computer on its side. Place the computer on its side on your table
or workbench. Make sure that the connectors on the back are laying
closest to the surface. These connectors are attached to the motherboard
and can help you ensure that you remove the correct side panel.
5. Remove the side panel. Remove the screws that hold the side panel in
place. These screws can be found along the back of the computer. Most
modern cases have thumbscrews that you can remove without tools,
though you may need to use the screwdriver for older cases or
thumbscrews that are too tight. Set the screws aside so that you don't
lose them.
6. Do an initial vacuum. Depending on how long it's been and your environment,
you could be greeted by a pretty gruesome sight. Dust has a tendency to
collect and cake on your components, and the entire inside may be covered in
a fine layer of gray. Use your vacuum cleaner to do a pass over the interior,
sucking up the large bits of dust from the components and crevices.
PIVOT 4A CALABARZON 6 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 Be careful not to strike any of the components with the vacuum tip as you
move it across the interior. Many components inside are very fragile, and bent
pins and connectors can render your hardware useless.
7. Use the compressed air to blow dust out of crevices. Take your can of
compressed air or air compressor and blow out the hard to reach crevices. Use
the vacuum to help reduce the amount of dust that scatters in puffs.
Avoid long, sustained blasts, as this will make your can of compressed air too
cold to hold.
Don't blow compressed air on your fans. Blowing on the fans can make them
spin faster than they are designed to, potentially damaging them.
8. Clean the fans with the vacuum and alcohol. Use the vacuum to remove the
large amounts of dust on the fan blades. Dip your toothbrush into the alcohol,
and gently scrub the dust that remains off of the blades.
You may be able to access the fans easier if you remove them fist. You will
need to remove the screws that secure the fan to the chassis, and then
disconnect the cable that connects the fan to the motherboard. Make sure
that you note where the fan was plugged in so that you can easily reconnect it
when you're finished cleaning.
Make sure to reattach the fan in the same direction that it was originally
installed. Fans blow in one direction, and reversing the direction of air flow
can significantly impact the cooling of your machine. Most fans have an arrow
printed on the top of the housing that indicates which way it blows.
9. Remove components for deep cleaning. While a general vacuum and dusting is
usually sufficient for basic cleaning, you'll want to remove individual
components to really get them sparkling again. Make sure that you are
properly grounded before touching any of the internal components. When you
remove the components, set them on an antistatic surface, such as wood or
rubber. You can remove the graphics card by removing the screws that secure
it to the case, releasing the tab underneath, and then gently pulling it straight
out. You may have to disconnect power cables in order to fully remove it. Set
the graphics card on your cleaning surface and use the brush and alcohol to
remove stubborn dust. Removing the hard drive and any optical drives can
make it easier to clean them, since they are often tucked away in hard-to-
reach bays. Removing these drives typically involves opening both sides of the
case so that you can reach the screws securing each side of the drive. Most
optical drives are pulled out of the front of the case after the screws have been
removed. Removing the CPU cooler will allow you to clean out the cracks in
the heat sink, as well as brush the dust out of the fans. Heat sinks attach in a
variety of different ways, so make sure to consult your documentation before
trying to remove it. Some require you to remove a bracket from the backside of
the motherboard. If you remove the CPU cooler, you will need to apply a new
layer of thermal paste to the CPU before reattaching it.
11. Dust all of the grates. Depending on your case, you may have some grates
for fans and airflow. Use your compressed air to blow out from the inside of
the case, and then run a feather duster over the grate from the outside.
B. Cleaning the Keyboard
1. Unplug the keyboard. Even if you're just planning on running a vacuum over
the keyboard, unplugging your keyboard first is probably a good idea. This
will help reduce the chance of electrostatic discharge damage.

7 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 2. Use the vacuum. You can perform a quick clean of your keyboard by running
the tip of the vacuum over they keys. Press the keys in so that you can reach
all of the crevices.
3. Shake the keyboard upside down. Hold your keyboard upside down over a
surface that's easy to clean or that you don't care about (such as outside).
Run your hand over the keys while holding the keyboard upside down and
shake it while you do so. You should see lots of debris shaking out.
4. Remove the keys. If you want to do a deep clean on your keyboard, you'll need
to remove each of the keys so that they can be cleaned and you can access
the innards of the keyboard. Removing keys is a little tedious, but can save
you from needing to replace your keyboard when it gets bad.
To remove a key, press the key in front of it down. Insert a flat object such as
a car key or flathead screwdriver under they key you want to remove. Gently
pry the key up until it pops off. Repeat this process until all of the keys have
been removed. Space bars can be tricky, so you might want to leave the space
bar attached. Take a photo of your keyboard before removing the keys so that
you have an easy reference for where they're supposed to go back to.
5. Disassemble to keyboard. Once you've taken all of the keys off, you can take
the keyboard housing apart. Flip the keyboard over and unscrew all of the
screws holding it together. Separate the various parts, making sure that you
note where everything was connected. Different keyboards come apart in
different ways, and some keyboards may not be able to be disassembled.
6. Wash the components. Once the keyboard has been disassembled, you can
start washing most of the components. Anything that is just plastic can go
through the dishwasher or be hand-washed. The keys can be washed
individually by hand, or you can put them in an enclosed dishwasher basket.
Most keyboards will have a rubber contact mat that gives the keys their
spring. This is completely non-electronic and can be run through dishwasher
or cleaned with hot water and soap.
Don't wash anything that has a logic board or circuitry, and don't wash any
cables. You can hand clean around these things using rubbing alcohol and a
brush.
7. Reassemble the keyboard. Once everything has been washed and been given
plenty of time to dry, you can put everything back together. Rebuild your
keyboard, ensuring that all of the components go back together the same way
the came apart. Refer to the picture of your keyboard when reattaching the
keys. You can reattach the keys by simply pressing them directly into their
spot on the keyboard. Make sure that everything is completely dry and cool
before putting everything back together. Any moisture can ruin the keyboard
when it is plugged back in.
C. Cleaning the Mouse
1. Unplug the mouse. Before you begin cleaning the mouse, make sure that it
has been unplugged from the computer. This will help prevent any damage
to the mouse during the cleaning process.
2. Clean the buttons. Use a cloth or brush dipped in rubbing alcohol and
gently scrub the buttons. Use a toothpick to run through the crevices
between buttons and lift out the debris inside. Wipe down all the surfaces
that get touched or rubbed during use.

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON 8 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON

 3. Clean the lens. Turn the mouse over and look at the lens underneath. Blow
any excess debris off with compressed air, and then run a cotton swab
dipped in rubbing alcohol around the lens once to remove stuck dust.
4. Clean the pads. Most mice have small rubber pads along the bottom. These
help the mouse glide over the mousepad. Use a cloth dipped in rubbing
alcohol to clean all of the dust and debris that has attached to the rubber
pads. Give the entire bottom a wipe-down as well.
5. Clean your mousepad. Depending on your pad, you may have accumulated a
fine layer of dust and debris on the surface of the mousepad itself. Most
mouse pads are safe to run through the dishwasher, though your can hand
wash them as well.
D. Cleaning the Monitor
1. Power down the monitor. Make sure that the monitor is unplugged
disconnected from the computer. This will help prevent any static buildup.
2. Dust with a dry cloth. Use a microfiber or other soft cloth to very gently dust
the screen. Do not pick at anything or try to scrub away debris. Simply run
the cloth back and forth across the screen to pick up the dust. Don't use
paper towels, toilet paper, or facial tissue as these are usually rough and
could damage the screen.
3. Make a cleaning solution. You can purchase specialized cleaning solutions,
but you can quickly and cheaply make one at home by mixing distilled water
and white vinegar in a 50/50 solution. Dab or spray this onto your cloth, and
then gently run the cloth across the screen. Never spray cleaning solution
directly onto the screen, as this could seep inside and damage the
components. Avoid cleaning solutions with ammonia, like Windex, or ethyl
alcohol.

D
Learning Task 1: Arrange the given procedures below in cleaning the case of a
PC. Write the number before each sentence.
____1. Use the compressed air to blow dust out of crevices.
____2. Gather your supplies.
____3. Set the computer on its side.
____4. Clean the fans with the vacuum and alcohol.
____5. Setup an area where you can blow dust.
____6. Remove the side panel.
____7. Remove components for deep cleaning.
____8. Dust all of the grates.
____9. Power down the computer and unplug all of the peripherals.
____10. Do an initial vacuum.

9 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 E
Learning Task 2: Arrange the given procedures in cleaning the keyboard. Write
the number before each sentence.
____1. Disassemble to keyboard.
____2. Remove the keys
____3. Reassemble the keyboard.
____4. Wash the components.
____5. Disassemble to keyboard.
____6. Wash the components.
____7. Unplug the keyboard.
____8. Shake the keyboard upside down.
____9. Use the vacuum.

A
Learning Task 3: Complete the flow chart about cleaning and storing tools,
equipment and materials in FOS.

Cleaning Cleaning Cleaning Cleaning

the Case the the Mouse the
Keyboard Monitor

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON 10
 Perform Mensuration and Calculations
I Lesson

At the end of the lesson you are to perform simple calculations and
conduct self-evaluation on required performance.

Units of Time Conversion Chart

Units of time conversion chart are discussed here in hour, minute,
second, day, week, month, and year.

The standard units of time are

1 hour = 60 minutes
1 minute = 60 seconds
1 hour = 60 minutes = 3600 seconds (60 × 60)
1 day = 24 hours
1 week = 7 days
1 year = 365 days
1 year = 12 months
1year = 52 weeks

These are the units of time conversion table.

For example:
1. How many minutes are there in a year?
Solution:
We know,
1 year = 365 days
1 day = 24 hours
1 hour = 60 minutes
So one year = (365 × 24 × 60) minutes
= (8760 × 60) minutes
= 525600 minutes
2. How many hours are there in a year?
Solution:
We know,
1 year = 365 days.
1 day = 24 hours.
So in one year = (365 × 24)
= 7860 hours.
3. How many minutes in 6 hours?
Solution:
We know,
1 hour = 60 minutes.
So 6 hours = (6 × 60) minutes.
= 360 minutes.
4. Convert 220 minutes to hours and minutes.
Solution:
We know that 60 minutes = 1 hour
220 minutes = (220/60) hours
= 3 hours 40 minutes.

11 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 RATIOS AND PROPORTIONS
Ratios
A ratio is a comparison of two quantities that have the same units. You can ex-
press a ratio in any one of the following ways:
18 18:5 18 to 5
5
Example #1: If one store has 360 items and another store has 100 of the
same items, express the ratio of the items.
360 or 360:100 or 360 to 100
100
Ratios are usually written in lowest terms; therefore, the above example
would reduce in this way: 360 ÷ 20 (What is the largest number you
100 ÷ 20 can divide both values by?)
18
5
Example #2: John earns $350 a week. His take-home pay, however, is $295.
What is the ratio of his gross pay to his take-home pay.
350 = 70
295 59
Rates
A rate is a comparison of two quantities that have different units. Rates are
usually expressed in the fractional form.
Example: Francine paid $16 for her 12-month subscription to Better
Homes and Gardens magazine. Express as a rate.
$16.00 = $4.00
12 magazines 3 magazines
If Francine wants to know how much she pays for each (1) magazine, she can
divide $4 by 3 magazines. This will give her the price per magazine (also called
the unit rate).
$4.00 = $1.33/magazine
3

Proportions
A proportion is a statement that two ratios or rates are equal. It can be
given as a sentence in words, but most often a proportion is an algebraic equa-
tion.
The arithmetic equation 3 = 21 is a proportion because its cross
5 35
products are equal.
3 × 35 = 105 and 5 × 21 = 105
Proportions are solved by using this cross-product rule.
Example #1: 4 = X Example #2: 72 = 12
9 36 1.5 x
4 × 36 = 9x 72x = 1.5 × 12

144 = 9x 72x = 18
144 = x x = 18
9 72
16 = x x = .25 or ¼

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON 12
Applied Proportion Problems

Many problems can be solved by setting up a direct proportion (an increase in

one quantity leads to a proportional increase in the other quantity) or by setting
up equivalent rates.

Example: In one day you earn $75 for 8 hours of work. If you work 37.5 hours
for the week, what will your weekly pay be?

8 hours = $75 8 hours =

37.5 hours
37.5 hours x $75 x

8x = 75 × 37.5 8x = 75 × 37.5
8x = 2812.5 8x = 2812.5
or
x = 2812.5 x = 2812.5
8 8

x = $351.56 x = $351.56

D
Learning Task 1: Solve each ratio and write your answer in its
simplest form.

1. 2 to 4
2. 3 to 12
3. 35:7
4. 15
20
4. 7: 4

13 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 E
Learning Task 2: Solve each proportion and give the answer in simplest form.
Write your answers on your notebook.

1. 6 : 8 = n : 12
2. 2 = 8
7 n

3. n = 11
6 3

4. 4 : n = 6 : 9

5. 3 = 2
n 5

A
Learning Task 3: Compute for ratio and proportion through the given problem
below.

A reservation agent received a call from a guest that there will be a com-
pany outing to be held in their hotel. The caller told them that there will be 300
guests to arrive on Saturday at 2 o'clock in the afternoon. The reservation agent
offered a twin sharing room which can accommodate 10 persons in a room. How
many rooms will their guests can occupy?

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON 14
 Occupational Health and Safety Procedures
I Lesson
At the end of the lesson you are expected to identify hazards and risks,
evaluate and control hazards and risks, maintain OHS awareness, and conduct
self-evaluation on the required performance.

Operational Safety and Health Procedures, Practices and Regulations

Occupational health should aim at: the promotion and maintenance of
the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all
occupations; the prevention among workers of departures from health caused
by their working conditions; the protection of workers in their employment from
risks resulting from factors adverse to health; the placing and maintenance of
the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physiological and
psychological capabilities; and, to summarize, the adaptation of work to man
and of each man to his job.
The main focus in occupational health is on three different objectives:
maintain and promote workers’ health and working capacity;
improve working environment and work; and develop work organizations and
working cultures in a direction which supports health and safety at work and
in doing so also promotes positive social climate and smooth operation and may
enhance productivity of the undertakings.
Safety procedures, practices in the workplace contribute to:
1. low rates of accident;
2. good employee morale;
3. employee satisfaction;
4. reduction of insurance and other operating cost; and
5. reduction of losses of employees due to disabling accidents.
Some health and safety procedures and practices
A. Personal hygiene practices
1. Keep your hands always clean and nails cut short.
2. Wear comfortable clean clothes.
3. Use of PPE when working.
4. Remove jewelries especially when working with food.
5. Use gloves when hands are thoroughly washed.
B. Good housekeeping practice.
1. Keep the area clean. Plan and implement a program of regular cleaning of
the equipment and all other areas.
2. Eliminate the possible breeding of flies. Screen the house and use effective I
insecticides whenever necessary.
3. Exterminate rodents. Prevent their increases by not leaving food and dirty
dishes on the table or in the sink. Keep foods likely to be eaten by rats in
rodent-proof containers.
C. Observance of safety precautions. The observance of safety precaution to
promote work efficiency and to avoid accident is important. Accidents are
caused either by people themselves, by unsafe environment, or defective
equipment. Accidents are caused by people are due to haste, distraction or
failure to observe safety regulations. Carelessness causes slips, falls, burns
and bumps and the destruction of things in the workplace. Accidents in the
laboratory area are caused by contact with exposed electrical tools or kitchen
equipment and short circuits.

15 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 Workplace safety checklist
OSH requirements mean that managing risk in the workplace is more than a
priority. It is a fundamental issue of effective workplace management.
Occupational safety and health risks exist, even though they may not be as
apparent as the obviously dangerous machines or situations that you would
normally find in a warehouse or factory or industry.
Check the guide below for some of the OSH responsibilities for the workers
to ensure their personal safety.
First Aid. The requirement for a first aid kit or a trained first aid person will
depend on the number of people in the workplace. Where 25 or more people are
located in a workplace on you need to train a first aid person. There is also the
requirement for a first aid kit, register of injuries book and a notice specifying
who to contact in the workplace if first aid is required. A first aid room is only
required where there are 200 employees in an office workplace.
Ergonomics. Ergonomics is crucial in offices yet commonly overlooked. A
workstation has corrected ergonomics if the alignment of the computer screen,
keyboard, person and chair is in a straight line, with no twisting of the head or
body. The height of the screen, keyboard and chair will also be important for
good ergonomics. A footrest and document holder may be required, depending
on the situation.
Fire control. Sources of ignition and combustible materials should be
separated to avoid potential fires. Fire equipment should be available and
unobstructed, with some employees trained in its use. The complexity of your
evacuation system will depend on the size of the business, number of floors
involved and number of people to be evacuated.
Sources of ignition include heat sources (photocopiers, computers, printers,
portable heaters) and electrical sources including damaged electrical cables and
piggy-backed double adaptors. Cleaning cloths in cleaners' cabinets can also be
sources of heat, depending on the chemicals used and how the materials are
stored.
Emergency Evacuation. There should be documented evacuation procedure. It
must be communicated to all employees and must be practiced as an
evacuation drill at least once each year. The evacuation procedure should
differentiate between bomb threat and other types of emergencies, as the
procedure will vary slightly. Your office area will have a different procedure to
other parts of the business if you are part of a high-rise office block while other
areas are in an industrial estate.
Determine an assembly point and keep a record of people's names to determine
who might be left in the building. This will be useful for the emergency services
if a rescue is required. Consideration should also be given to first aid provision
at the assembly point and the identification of a person who is trained in first
aid should anyone be injured.
Also include in your procedure the method to be used to contact the emergency
services, for example whether you will contact them before or after you evacuate
the building.
Emergency Evacuation. Have a documented evacuation procedure, which has
been communicated to all employees, and has been practiced as an evacuation
drill at least once each year. The evacuation procedure should differentiate
between bomb threat and other types of emergencies, as the procedure will vary
slightly.
PIVOT 4A CALABARZON 16 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
Your office area will have a different procedure to other parts of the business if
you are part of a high-rise office block while other areas are in an industrial
estate. Determine an assembly point and keep a record of people's names to
determine who might be left in the building. This will be useful for the
emergency services if a rescue is required. Consideration should also be given to
first aid provision at the assembly point and the identification of a person who is
trained in first aid should anyone be injured.
Also include in your procedure the method to be used to contact the emergency
services, for example whether you will contact them before or after you evacuate
the building.
Electrical Hazards. All electrical cables should be periodically inspected for
integrity and replaced if damaged. The practice of 'piggy backing' double
adaptors should be eliminated as this can create a fire risk. If there are
insufficient power points, a power board is a safer option. Alternatively, you
could have an electrician install more power points. Electrical switchboards
should be checked to ensure that neither combustible materials nor flammable
liquids are stored nearby.
Chemical Safety. You have legal obligations even if your office keeps very small
quantities of dangerous chemicals. These include addressing hazardous
substances requirements in the OSH Regulation 2001. This requires you keep a
register of hazardous substances, copies of material safety data sheets,
precautions in place to prevent injury to anyone using the chemicals, and
assessing whether control measures (gloves, glasses etc.) are sufficient. All
containers must be labeled with the product name, and any hazards associated
with it, for example flammable, corrosive, poison etc.
Housekeeping. Untidy offices with materials placed in boxes or in piles on the
floor create a hazardous environment - not only a trip hazard, but could indicate
that there is insufficient storage space, insufficient time for storing materials, or
just poor management of the work area. Many workplaces have difficulty finding
a temperature setting that all workers find comfortable. The recommended range
is 22 to 26 person's egress from the workplace, as well as leading to injury if a
person is constantly moving around a cluttered work area.
Temperature. Many workplaces have difficulty finding a temperature setting
that all workers find comfortable. The recommended range is 22 to 26 person's
egress from the workplace, as well as leading to injury if a person is constantly
moving around a cluttered work area. Set the temperature at 22 or 23 degrees
and make adjustments from that point. Check that the air conditioning reaches
all areas in the office, and that windows receiving substantial quantities of
sunlight are not causing problems.
Manual handling. Whenever staff are required to lift, shift or move heavy items,
for example moving stationery supplies in and out of cabinets and printers/
photocopiers, or moving quantities of mail, computers, printers and other office
furniture, there are manual handling procedures that should be used to avoid
injury.
HAZARD AND RISKS IDENTIFICATION AND CONTROL
There are lots of things that may affect the health of a person, such as his
environment, his lifestyle, etc. There are many who are not aware that work is
an important determinant of health. It can influence health in a positive or in a
negative way.

17 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 Hazards and Risks in the Workplace
Hazard is a term used to describe something that has the potential to
cause harm or adverse effects to individuals, organizations property or
equipment. Workplace hazards can come from a wide range of sources. General
examples include any substance, material, process, practice, etc. that has the
ability to cause harm or adverse health effect to a person under certain
conditions.
Types of workplace hazards
1. Safety hazards. Inadequate and insufficient machine guards, unsafe
workplace conditions, unsafe work practices.
2. Biological hazards. Caused by organisms such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and
parasites.
3. Chemical hazards. Solid, liquid, vapor or gaseous substances, dust, fume or
mist.
4. Ergonomic hazards. Anatomical, physiological, and psychological demands
on the worker, such as repetitive and forceful movements, vibration, extreme
temperatures, and awkward postures arising from improper work methods
and improperly designed workstations, tools, and equipment.
5. Physical hazards. Noise, vibration, energy, weather, electricity, radiation and
pressure.
6. Psychological hazards. Those that are basically causing stress to a worker.
This kind of hazard troubles an individual very much to an extent that his
general wellbeing is affected.
Examples of hazards

What is risk?
Risk is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experience
an adverse health effect caused by a hazard. It may also apply to situations with
property or equipment loss.
Factors that influence the degree of risk include how much a person is
exposed to a hazardous thing or condition; and how the person is exposed, and

Risk assessment. Risk assessment is the process where you identify hazards,
analyze or evaluate the risk associated with that hazard, and determine
appropriate ways to eliminate or control the hazard.

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON 18 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON

What is an adverse health effect? A general definition of adverse health effect
is "any change in body function or the structures of cells that can lead to disease
or health problems".

The following are adverse health effects.

Bodily injury
Disease
Change in the way the body functions, grows, or develops
Effects on a developing fetus (teratogenic effects, fetotoxic effects)
Effects on children, grandchildren, etc. (inheritable genetic effects)
Decrease in life span solvents
Effects on the ability to accommodate additional stress

D
Learning Task 1: Write / if the statement shows the OHS procedures, practices
and regulations, and correct the statement if not.

1. Maintain and promote workers’ health and working capacity.

2. Use of PPE when working.
3. Exposed electrical tools or equipment and short circuits.
4. Keeping your hands always clean and nails cut short.
5. Increase of insurance and other operating cost.
Learning Task 2: Write H if the statement is a hazard, R if risk and C if it
pertains to control in the workplace.
1. Noise
2. Injury
3. Mentoring
4. Stress
5. Time Management

E
Learning Task 3: Give 5 OSH responsibilities for the workers to ensure their
personal safety. Give a short explanation for each.

Learning Task 4: Give at least five (5) ways on how to prevent hazard and risk
in the workplace.

A
Learning Task 4: Give three (3) examples of each types of hazard in the
workplace and write the possible risk and recommended prevention for it.
TYPES OF HAZARD RISK PREVENTION
Physical Hazard
Ergonomics
Chemical Hazard
Biological Hazard

Psychological Hazard
19 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 Front Office Reception Area
I Lesson
At the end of the lesson you are expected to read and interpret
front-office reception area and conduct self-evaluation on the required
performance.
ALPHABET OF LINES
Visible line – a thick line that represents the visible edges or outline of the
object; also known as the object line
Hidden line – a medium thick line composed of short dashes about 2-3
millimeters long with space between dashes about 1-2 millimeters wide; itt
represents the surface or edges that cannot be seen
Center line – a thin line consisting of two long dashes and short dash drawn
alternately with a gap of at least 2 millimeters in between; it represents the axis
or center of symmetrical shapes like a ball, washer, rectangular block, cube
Section line – a thin lines to show the surface that has been cut; they are
spaced evenly at 45 degrees with the horizontal to make shaded effect
Extension line – a thin line that extends from the object in order to show
dimension limits
Dimension line – a thin line with an arrowhead in one end used to indicate the
measurements of the object
Long-break line – a medium thick line consisting of broken and straight lines
drawn alternately. This is also known as the limiting line. This limits the length
of an elongated object without changing the size of its view.
Short-break line – thick line drawn in freehand to show details that a part has
been cut off or broken out.
Leader line – a short inclined thin line with an arrowhead at the end and short
horizontal line on the other end.
Phantom line – a thin line that shows position(s) of part of an object that moves
drawn by two short dashes and one long dash.
Cutting-plane line –thick lines used to indicate an imaginary cut through an
object along the line. Made up of two long dashes broken in one end with an
arrowhead and two short dashes drawn in between the long dashes.

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON 20 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON

What is a Traditional Lobby?
A lobby is a room in a building used for entry from the outside. Sometimes
referred to as a foyer, reception or an entrance hall, it often is a large, vast room,
or complex of rooms (in a theatre, opera, concert hall, showroom, cinema, etc.)
adjacent to the auditorium.
It is a repose area for spectators, and place of venues, especially used
before performance, and during intermissions, but also as a place of
celebrations or festivities after performance.
A lobby must have an eye appeal, because all visitors enter a hotel from this
area.

Power Lobby
Many office buildings, hotels and skyscrapers go to great lengths to
decorate their lobbies to create the right impression and convey an image.
This is known as a "power lobby".
Since the mid-1980s, there has been a growing trend to think of lobbies as
more than, just ways to get from the door to the elevator, but instead as social
spaces and places of commerce. Some research has even been done, to develop
scales, to measure lobby atmosphere, so as to improve hotel lobby design.

Lobby Layout
The layout of the hotel lobby design is one of the most important aspects of its
interior design. The layout is basically a blueprint of all the physical elements of
design, and where they will be put in the lobby. This depends on the circulation
space, and the estimated number of people that would be using the lobby at any
given time.

The Reception
The main feature of any hotel lobby design, the reception always needs to be an
impressively designed formation. The main component of a reception is the desk
and its back wall. Both of these need to be designed in an attractive fashion. The
back wall may even be embossed with the name of the hotel.

The Waiting Area

All hotel lobby designs have a waiting area. These are not overly large or all
encompassing – just a small part of the overall interior, sometimes designed in
an alcove, other times designed along the sidelines. The furniture of the hotel
waiting, always follows the general colour and lighting scheme of the lobby as a
whole. The waiting can also be a follow-up counterpart of the reception desk –
with both on opposite ends of the hotel lobby with ample amount of circulation
space in between.
The final image of a hotel lobby design
The final image of any hotel lobby design needs to be holistic. The overall design
needs to look cohesive, so even when you design each part – the layout,
reception, and the waiting – as individual elements of the lobby, there always
needs to be some visual anchor (connecting theme or idea) between all of them.
Of course the visual dynamic also has to project a charisma that attracts the
guests and leaves a good first impression, so careful contrasting of all design
elements – colours, materials and lighting – is a must.

21 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
Hotel Lobby Layout- Design Considerations
Proper space utilization for working effectively.
Improve efficiency and control of the staff
Front Desk should be prominently located, overlooking the main entrance.
Aesthetically appealing and comfortable for the visitors.
Bell Desk should be near the entrance to keep an eye on all visitors in order
to offer quick assistance and also for security reasons.
A Lounge to act as a peaceful waiting area.
All guest contact sections of Front Office should be strategically located in
the lobby.
Principles of Facility Planning
An ideal facility (building);
Should serve in achieving the long-term goals of the Organization.
Should be really needed.
Should be financially feasible.
Should fulfill the needs of the intended user.
Should be in harmony with local community & law of the land.
Should be sustainable in long run.
Easy and cheap to maintain.
Suitable for expansion plans in future.
D
Learning Task 1: Read and interpret the given figure below. Identify the
lettered lines used (A – N) to draw the object. Place your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

A. ____________________________ H. ____________________________
B. ____________________________ I. ____________________________
C. ____________________________ J. ____________________________
D. ____________________________ K. ____________________________
E. ____________________________ L. ____________________________
F. ____________________________ M. ____________________________
G. ____________________________ N. ____________________________
PIVOT 4A CALABARZON 22
Learning Task 2: Sketch the line being referred to in the table below. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.

E
Learning Task 2: Complete the statement below by writing the missing word/s
on a piece of paper.

1. An ideal facility (building) should be financially ______________.

2. A Lounge to act as a peaceful waiting area.
3. ____________ and cheap to maintain.
4. Proper _____________ utilization for working effectively.
5. Improve efficiency and control of the staff.
6. Suitable for ______________ plans in future.
7. Aesthetically appealing and ________________ for the visitors.
8. Should be _______________ in long run.
9. Should _______________ the needs of the intended user.
10. Front Desk should be prominently located, overlooking the________________.

A
Learning Task 3: Draw your ideal front office reception layout. Then, label its
parts.

23 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 Reference

Bermas, Dante B. and Mirasol F. Dasig. K to 12 Mechanical Drafting Learning Module.

Custodio, Cecilia S. and Edward C. Jimenez. K to 12 Household Services Learning Mod-

ule. Bulacan.

Jatayna, Teresita M. K to 12 Bread and Pastry Learning Module. San Pedro Relocation
Center National High School, San Pedro, Laguna.

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON 24
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education Region 4A CALABARZON

Office Address: Gate 2, Karangalan Village, Cainta, Rizal

Landline: 02-8682-5773, locals 420/421

Email Address: lrmd.calabarzon@deped.gov.ph