1

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT MAHINDRA & MAHINDRA

PROJECT REPORT

SUBMITTED

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT

IN DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

BY

YASH KOSUMBKAR

2000130496

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF

MR. AMOL DHANDE

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC RATNAGIRI

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is my pleasure to be indebted to various people, who directly or indirectly

contributed in the development of this work and who influenced my thinking, behavior,

and acts during the course of study. I express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Sushil Garg,

worthy Principal for providing me an opportunity to undergo Six Weeks Industrial

Training at Mahindra and Mahindra company. I am thankful to Mr. D. M. Shinde Head,

Mechanical Engineering Department for his valuable support, cooperation, and motivation

provided to me during the training for constant inspiration and blessings. . I also

extend my sincere appreciation to Mr / Ms.Amol Dhande Sir who provided his valuable

suggestions and precious time in accomplishing my project report. Lastly, I would like

to thank the Almighty and my parents for their moral support and my friends with whom I

shared my day–to–day experience and received lots of suggestions that improved my

quality of work.

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Table Of content

CONTENT PAGE NO.

1.INTRODUCTION 4

2.DEALER PROFILE 8

10
3. INTRODUCTION TO MANIFACTURING
PLANT

21
4. MILESTONES ACHIVED BY
MAHINDRA AND MAHINDRA

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5. WASTE MANAGEMENT AND SEFTY
PRECAUTIONS

6. RECOMMONDATIONS AND 36
CONCLUSIONS

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1. INTRODUCTION

Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. manufactures different range of automotive vehicles,

agricultural tractors, implements and industrial engines. It is the flagship company of
the Mahindra group, operating in the global tractor industry and the Indian utility
vehicles market. Through its subsidiaries, the company operates in industries such as
aerospace, aftermarket, agribusiness, automotive, components, construction equipment,
consulting services, defense, energy, farm equipment, finance and insurance, industrial
equipment, information technology, leisure and hospitality, logistics, real estate,
retail, and two wheelers. The company ’ s portfolio comprises of a wide spectrum of
vehicles from two wheelers to heavy trucks, SUVs to school buses. Its services include
maintenance and repairs, customization, providing spares, and manufacturing and
engineering. The company specializes in consulting on automotive style, engineering,
computer-aided engineering, and project management. It also offers concept definition
for two wheelers, passenger vehicles, and light and heavy trucks. The company
manufactures a wide range of light commercial vehicles and heavy commercial vehicles
that are rugged, reliable, environmentally friendly and fuel-efficient. Through a joint
venture with Navistar Inc, it produces diesel engines for medium and heavy commercial
vehicles in India. The company operates through two segments: Business and Secondary.
The Business segment consists of following segments. The Automotive Segment comprises
of sales of automobiles, spare parts and related services. The Farm Equipment Segment
comprises of sales of tractors, spare parts and related services. The IT Services
comprises of services rendered for IT and Telecom. The Financial Services comprise of
services relating to financing, leasing and hire purchase of automobiles and tractors.
The Steel Trading and Processing comprises of trading and processing of steel. The
Infrastructure comprise of operating of commercial complexes, project management and
development. The Hospitality comprises of sale of Vacation ownership. The Systech
comprises of automotive components and other related products and services. The Others
comprise of Logistics, After-market, Two wheelers, Investments etc. The Secondary
Segment consist of two segments: Domestic and Overseas. The Domestic segment includes

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sales to customers located in India and service income accrued in India. The Overseas
segment includes sales and services rendered to customers located outside India. The
company was founded by Jagdish Chandra Mahindra and Kailash Chandra Mahindra on October
2, 1945 and is headquartered in Mumbai, India.“

1.1 ○
M AHINDRA AND MAHINDRA HISTORY

Founded in 1945 as a steel trading company, we

entered automotive manufacturing in 1947 to bring the iconic Willys Jeep onto Indian
roads. Over the years, we’ve diversified into many new businesses in order to better
meet the needs of our customers. We follow a unique business model of creating
empowered companies that enjoy the best of entrepreneurial independence and Group-wide
synergies. This principle has led our growth into a US $16.5 billion multinational
group with more than 180,000 employees in over 100 countries across the globe.
Today, our operations span 18 key industries that form the foundation of every modern
economy:aerospace, aftermarket, agribusiness, automotive, components, construction
equipment, consulting services, defense, energy, farm equipment, finance and
insurance, industrial equipment, information technology, leisure and hospitality,
logistics, real estate, retail, and two wheelers.
Our federated structure enables each business to chart its own future and
simultaneously leverage synergies across the entire Group’s competencies. In this
way, the diversity of our expertise allows us to bring our customers the best in many
fields.”

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1.2 MAHINDRA AND MAHINDRA COMPANY FACTORY LOCATIONS

Factory Type City / State / Country Type of manufacturing

Igatpuri, Nashik district, India
Engines plant
MHEL Chakan

Tool & Die plant Nasik, India Manufacturing of Dies

Passenger cars (electric)
Multi-purpose units Bangalore, India
Small commercial vehicles (electric)

Passenger cars (electric)

Aggregate + Assembly Chakan (Pune), India Small commercial vehicles (electric)
Large commercial vehicles

Aggregate + Assembly Kandivli (Mumbai), India Pickups

Passenger cars
Vehicle Assembly plant Haridwar, India
Small commercial vehicles

Passenger cars
Vehicle Assembly plant Nasik, India
Small commercial vehicles

Small commercial vehicles

Vehicle Assembly plant Zaheerabad, (Hyderabad) India
Tractors

Durban, South Africa[95] Small commercial vehicles

Sousse, Tunisia Small commercial vehicles
Overseas distributor plant Mombasa, Kenya Small commercial vehicles
Mutugama, Sri Lanka Passenger cars
Detroit, USA Passenger cars
Jaipur, India
Zaheerabad, (Hyderabad) India
Mumbai, India
Mohali, India
Nagpur, India
Rudrapur, India
Vadodara, India
Majri, district Kurali

Tractors only Brisbane, Australia

Houston, Texas, US
Olivehurst, California, US
Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania, US

Algeria
Benin
Gambia
Ghana

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Nigeria
Chad
Mali
South Africa
Pithampur (Indore), India
Vietnam
Two-Wheelers only
Jinan, China
Mandeure, France

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2. DEALER PROFILE

2.1 Overview

Our Distinction:

This is one of the largest authorized dealers for Mahindra & Mahindra Automotives. Record sales in
the first year of operation.
Partners in Progress:

We are the preferred partners of M&M automotives, chiefly due to our successful sales record and
quality. Our facilities have remained unsurpassed, as we strive everyday to better our self.
Commanding Presence:

Morani Fourwheels as a centralized air-conditioned showroom of M&M automotives its kind in

Rajasthan, spread gracefully and decorated elegantly over an impressive 8100 sq.ft at Jaipur, Being
equipped with affable front office staff and adept professional technicians, Provide a perfect of
quality Service and Reliability.

Space Friendly:

The interiors are aimed at making you feel completely at ease, In luxury. Because for us the
customer is king, one who deserves a regal offering. The setting is apt for times when you need to
switch into a relaxed state of mind.
Technology to Stay Ahead:

We are equipped with the latest technological advancement in the industry, in order to give the
best of services when it matters. Not just to be part of, But to build the future, is our motto.
Ambience the Exude Relaxation:

Ours is one of the few service centers to be equipped with a fully-fledged customer- waiting lounge.
A part from a television and pool table, it had a wed kiosk to keep u connected all the time.
Service with Commitment:

Our dedicated team of mechanical specialty offers expert treatment for your vehicle. We ensure
consistency in performance each time, without fail.
Attention to Details:

We provide genius spare parts and accessories to ensure exceptional performance. Every single
aspect related to your vehicle is taken care of at our premises.
Dealing Made Convenient:

It is a part of our commitment policy to give advantage to the customer at every juncture. We offer
assistance of every kind at our premises itself, which makes it a one stop facility.
Expert Guidance at Every Step:

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Our sales team gives utmost priority to your satisfaction. When you need help to make the right
choice, it is ensured that the result is beyond your expectations. Thus making it a point that you
get the best in both luxury and comfort always.

Models: Mahindra & Mahindra has been launching various type of MUVs and cars from the year of 1945,
keeping in mind the quality, design, driving, comfort, fuel efficiency, and service and resale
value. These from a formidable force that gives our customers the pride and the joy of value
forever. What drives M&M is
Commitment

Leadership

Any an eye for appropriate technology.

Since 1945, when M&M first began manufacturing MUVs & LCVs, M&M have been engaged in a single-
minded endeavor to bring you cars that only state-of-the-art, but are also some f the most
environment-friendly vehicles in this world-a reflection of our commitment and care, for better
environment.
At the heart of every M&M is a unique engineering and an optimal mix of power and economy.
All this is supported by M&M nation – wide dealership network and automated workshop that provide
excellent after sale service
The company has constantly exploring new opportunity to define the shape to tomorrow’s driving
technology.
2.2Promotional Activities:

The promotional activities adopted by Morani Fourwheels are

 Test Driving

 Free Driving

 Hoarding

 Discounts

 Advertisement in Newspaper and magazines

 Gift Schemes

 Free Services

 Mileage Contents

Promotional expenses have been borne by both Morani Fourwheels and M&M, shares in advertisement
cost.

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3. INTRODUCTION TO MANUFACTURING PLANT

3.1 Manufacturing Process

The bulk of the world’s new cars come from the moving assembly line introduced by
Ford, but the process is much more refined and elaborated today. Although technological
advancements have enabled many improvements to modern day automobile assembly
operations, the basic concept of stationary workers installing parts on a vehicle as it
passes their work stations has not changed drastically over the years since it was
first invented by Henry Ford in early 1900.The modern automobile consists of about
14,000 parts and comprises several structural and mechanical systems. These include the
body, containing the passenger and storage space, which sits on the chassis, or steel
frame; the internal-combustion gasoline engine, which powers the car by means of
a transmission; the steering and braking systems, which control the car’s motion; and
the electrical system, which includes a battery, alternator, and other devices.
Subsystems involve fuel, exhaust, lubrication, cooling, suspension, and tires.The
automobile body is the assembly of sheet-metal, fiberglass, plastic, or composite-
material panels together with windows, doors, seats, trim and upholstery, glass, and
other parts that form enclosures for the passenger, engine, and luggage compartments.

Supply Chain

To understand the car manufacturing process, you have to understand the underlying
supply chain that drives domestic vehicle assembly. Today’s cars are primarily
“sourced out” to produce various sub-assemblies in over 4,000 disparate locations as
far away as China. This means a car’s “production” plant is an active assembly point,
where skilled workers and robotic systems bring together all of the necessary loose
components to create a final product on a “just-in-time” basis.

Components

Although the bulk of an automobile is virgin steel, petroleum-based products (plastics

and vinyls) have come to represent an increasingly large percentage of automotive
components.The automobile assembly plant represents only the final phase in the process
of manufacturing an automobile, for it is here that the components supplied by more
than 4,000 outside suppliers, including company-owned parts suppliers, are brought
together for assembly, usually by truck or railroad. Those parts that will be used in
the chassis are delivered to one area, while those that will comprise the body are
unloaded at another.

Design

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Introducing a new model of automobile generally takes three to five years from
inception to assembly. With the help of computer-aided design equipment, designers
develop basic concept drawings that help them visualize the proposed vehicle’s
appearance. Based on this simulation, they then construct clay models that can be
studied by styling experts familiar with what the public is likely to accept.
Aerodynamic engineers also review the models, studying air-flow parameters and doing
feasibility studies on crash tests. Only after all models have been reviewed and
accepted are tool designers permitted to begin building the tools that will manufacture
the component parts of the new model.

Assembly Process

There are three main assembly lines, trim, chassis and body drop. On the first the
body panels are welded together, the doors and windows are installed, and the body is
painted and trimmed (with upholstery, interior hardware, and wiring). On the second
line the frame has the springs, wheels, steering gear, and power train (engine,
transmission, drive shaft, and differential) installed, plus the brakes and exhaust
system. The two lines merge at the point at which the car is finished except for minor
items and necessary testing and inspection. A variation on this process is “unitized”
construction, whereby the body and frame are assembled as a unit. In this system the
undercarriage still goes down the chassis line for the power train, front suspension,
and rear axle, to be supported on pedestals until they are joined to the unitized
body structure. Most passenger vehicles today are manufactured by the unitized method,
and most trucks and commercial vehicles still employ a separate frame.

Press Shop

This is where the production process starts, with most of the Metal parts getting
pressed out of Steel Sheets. The door panels, Roof, Bonnet, Boot Lid etc. are typically
pressed in to form the basic structure of the automobile. The pressing process is a
multi-step process where the sheets are pressed into shape in stages.

Weld Shop
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The Weld shop is typically the place where the automobile is born. The point of birth
for most design cars is where the Under body takes shape from the Pressed parts. It can
be the marriage of the Under body front & rear or in some cases the entire Under body
can be a single pressed unit. In stages, the Side panels, the roof are then welded to
the Under body and the automobile begins to take its shape. The welding process is
typically Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding, mostly done by Robots and is a treat to
watch, wherein you have all these multi axis robotic arms work in unison and utmost
precision.

Chassis

The chassis of the car is the baseline component. All other parts are integrated
on, or within the chassis. The typical car or truck is constructed from the ground up
(and out). The frame is the main structural member to which all other mechanical
chassis parts and the body are assembled to make a complete vehicle. The frame forms
the base on which the body rests and from which all subsequent assembly components
follow. The frame is placed on the assembly line and clamped to the convener to prevent
shifting as it moves down the line. From here the automobile frame moves to component
assembly areas where parts that are sequentially applied to the chassis include the
engine, complete front and rear suspensions, gas tanks, rear axles, rear-end and half-
shafts, transmission, and drive shafts, gear boxes, steering box components, wheel
drums, and braking systems are sequentially installed.

An off-line operation at this stage of production mates the vehicle’s engine with its
transmission. Workers use robotic arms to install these heavy components inside the
engine compartment of the frame. After the engine and transmission are installed, a
worker attaches the radiator, and another bolts it into place. Because of the nature of
these heavy component parts, articulating robots perform all of the lift and carry
operations while assemblers using pneumatic wrenches bolt component pieces in place.
Careful ergonomic studies of every assembly task have provided assembly workers with
the safest and most efficient tools available.

Body

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Generally, the floor pan is the largest body component to which a multitude of panels
and braces will subsequently be either welded or bolted. As it moves down the assembly
line, held in place by clamping fixtures, the shell of the vehicle is built. First, the
left and right quarter panels are manually disengaged from ore-staged shipping
containers and placed onto the floor pan, where they are stabilized with positioning
fixtures and welded.The front and rear door pillars, roof, and body side panels are
assembled in the same fashion. The shell of the automobile assembled in this section of
the process lends itself to the use of robots because articulating arms can easily
introduce various component braces and panels to the floor pan and perform a high
number of weld operations in a time frame and with a degree of accuracy no human
workers could ever approach. Robots can pick and load 200-pound (90.8 kilograms) roof
panels and place them precisely in the proper weld position with tolerance variations
held to within .001 of an inch. Moreover, robots can also tolerate the smoke, weld
flashes, and gases created during this phase of production.The body is built up on a
separate assembly line from the chassis. Operators perform most of the welding on the
various panels and bolt the parts together. During welding, component pieces are held
securely in a jig while welding operations are performed. Once the body shell is
complete, it is attached to an overhead conveyor for the painting process. The multi-
step painting process entails inspection, cleaning, undercoat (electromagnetically
applied) dipping, drying, topcoat spraying, and baking.As the body moves from the
isolated weld area of the assembly line, subsequent body components including fully
assembled doors, deck lids, hood panel, fenders, trunk lid, and bumper reinforcements
are installed. Although robots help workers place these components onto the body shell,
the workers provide the proper fit for most of the bolt-on functional parts using
pneumatically assisted tools.

 Paint Shop

The output of the Weld Shop is called as a BIW or a Body In White. These are the cabs
that enter into the Paint Shop. The painting process is one of the most complex and
cleanest of process. The Paint booths for example have to be completely dust free. The
various sub-process in the Paint Shop include(a) Pre-treatment where the BIW is dipped
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into an electrolyte solution which would help in better paint deposition on the
Metal.(b) Sealant: Prior to the application of paint, the Bias enter the sealant area
where the sealant is applied.(c) Paint Booths: The Bias enter the paint booths, for the
final painting process. This is typically an area where it is mostly robots again which
do the job, or you would need highly skilled human workforce. A highly clean
environment is maintained and access is limited and if at all, it has to be with
wearing the right kind of overalls.(d) Oven: The painted bodies are then passed through
the oven where the final baking process of the Paint takes place.(e) Wax Booths: Where
application of a fine layer of wax takes place. This is sometimes skipped for some
local market vehicles or the lower variants.(f) Polishing: One of the most laborious
processes and the most time consuming one as well. Each of the cars are polished to
give the right shine and gleam. A simple rule of thumb, the longer and more elaborate
the Polishing process, the better is the shine. So the costlier the car, the longer
would have been the polishing done on it.Prior to painting, the body must pass through
a rigorous inspection process, the body in white operation. The shell of the vehicle
passes through a brightly lit white room where it is fully wiped down by visual
inspectors using cloths soaked in hi-light oil. Under the lights, this oil allows
inspectors to see any defects in the sheet metal body panels. Dings, dents, and any
other defects are repaired right on the line by skilled body repairmen. After the shell
has been fully inspected and repaired, the assembly conveyor carries it through a
cleaning station where it is immersed and cleaned of all residual oil, dirt, and
contaminants.As the shell exits the cleaning station it goes through a drying booth and
then through an undercoat dip—an electromagnetically charged bath of
undercoat paint (called the E-coat) that covers every nook and cranny of the body
shell, both inside and out, with primer. This coat acts as a substrate surface to which
the top coat of colored paint adheres.

After the E-coat bath, the shell is again dried in a booth as it proceeds on to the
final paint operation. In most automobile assembly plants today, vehicle bodies are
spray-painted by robots that have been programmed to apply the exact amounts of paint
to just the right areas for just the right length of time.Once the shell has been fully
covered with a base coat of color paint and a clear top coat, the conveyor transfers
the bodies through baking ovens where the paint is cured at temperatures exceeding 275
degrees Fahrenheit (135 degrees Celsius).The body and chassis assemblies are mated near
the end of the production process. Robotic arms lift the body shell onto the chassis
frame, where human workers then bolt the two together. After final components are
installed, the vehicle is driven off the assembly line to a quality checkpoint.After
the shell leaves the paint area it is ready for interior assembly.

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 Interior assembly

After the structure is entirely painted, painted shell proceeds through the interior
assembly area where workers assemble all of the instrumentation and wiring systems,
dash panels, interior lights, seats, door and trim panels, headliners, radios, speakers,
all glass except the automobile windshield, steering column and wheel, body weather
strips, vinyl tops, brake and gas pedals, carpeting, and front and rear bumper
fascias.Next, robots equipped with suction cups remove the windshield from a shipping
container, apply a bead of urethane sealer to the perimeter of the glass, and then
place it into the body windshield frame. Robots also pick seats and trim panels and
transport them to the vehicle for the ease and efficiency of the assembly operator.
After passing through this section the shell is given a water test to ensure the proper
fit of door panels, glass, and weather stripping. It is now ready to mate with the
chassis.

 Chassis/Body Mating- Body Drop Stage

The chassis assembly conveyor and the body shell conveyor meet at this stage of
production. As the chassis passes the body conveyor the shell is acrobatically lifted
from its conveyor fixtures and placed onto the car frame. Again, this process is
executed via computer and control machines (C&C) to ensure speed, and perfect the fit
between the body assembly and the chassis. Assembly workers, some at ground level and
some in work pits beneath the conveyor, bolt the car body to the frame. Once the mating
takes place the automobile proceeds down the line to receive final trim
components, battery, tires, anti-freeze, and gasoline.

The vehicle can now be started. From here it is driven to a checkpoint off the line,
where its engine is audited, its lights and horn checked, its tires balanced, and its
charging system examined. Any defects discovered at this stage require that the car be
taken to a central repair area, usually located near the end of the line. A crew of
skilled trouble-shooters at this stage analyzes and repairs all problems. When the
vehicle passes final audit it is given a price label and driven to a staging and
waiting line for transportation to its final dealer destination.
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 Quality Control

All of the components that go into the automobile are produced at other sites. This
means the thousands of component pieces that comprise the car must be manufactured,
tested, packaged, and shipped to the assembly plants, often on the same day they will
be used. This requires no small amount of planning. To accomplish it, most automobile
manufacturers require outside parts vendors to subject their component parts to
rigorous testing and inspection audits similar to those used by the assembly plants. In
this way the assembly plants can anticipate that the products arriving at their
receiving docks are Statistical Process Control (SPC) approved and free from defects.

Once the component parts of the automobile begin to be assembled at the automotive
factory, production control specialists can follow the progress of each embryonic
automobile by means of its Vehicle Identification Number (VIN), assigned at the start
of the production line. In many of the more advanced assembly plants a small radio
frequency transponder is attached to the chassis and floor pan. This sending unit
carries the VIN information and monitors its progress along the assembly process.
Knowing what operations the vehicle has been through, where it is going, and when it
should arrive at the next assembly station gives production management personnel the
ability to electronically control the manufacturing sequence. Throughout the assembly
process quality audit stations keep track of vital information concerning the integrity
of various functional components of the vehicle.

This idea comes from a change in quality control ideology over the years. Formerly,
quality control was seen as a final inspection process that sought to discover defects
only after the vehicle was built. In contrast, today quality is seen as a process built
right into the design of the vehicle as well as the assembly process. In this way
assembly operators can stop the conveyor if workers find a defect. Corrections can then
be made, or supplies checked to determine whether an entire batch of components is bad.
Vehicle recalls are costly and manufacturers do everything possible to ensure the
integrity of their product before it is shipped to the customer. After the vehicle is
assembled a validation process is conducted at the end of the assembly line to verify
quality audits from the various inspection points throughout the assembly process. This
final audit tests for properly fitting panels; dynamics; squeaks and rattles;
functioning electrical components; and engine, chassis, and wheel alignment. In many
assembly plants vehicles are periodically pulled from the audit line and given full
functional tests. All efforts today are put forth to ensure that quality and
reliability are built into the assembled product.

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3.2 MODELS/PRODUCTS OF MAHINDRA AND MAHINDRA

3.2.1 Models Manufactured In Mahindra And Mahindra

 THAR DI (4WD & 2WD)

 Maxx Pickup
 Bolero Maxi Truck
 XL Flatbed
 XL Single Cab
 Bolero Pick Up
 Bolero CNG Pick up

3.2.2. The major divisions called Product Units (P.U) in the plant under Automotive
Sector are:-

 Axle P.U
 Body P.U
 Engine P.U
 Foundry P.U
 Transmission P.U
 Vehicle P.U

3.2.3 Discontinued Models

 Mahindra Xylo (2009-2019)

 Mahindra Quanto (2012-2020)

 Mahindra Verito Vibe (2013-2019)

 Mahindra e2o (2013-2016)

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2.2.3 Current Models

Calendar Current
Model year model Vehicle information
introduced Introduction
Hatchback

A-segment/city
KUV100 NXT 2016 2016
car hatchback.

KUV100 NXT
SUV

Bolero 2000 2020 SUV

Bolero

Scorpio 2002 2020 Mid-size SUV

Scorpio
Compact off
Thar Thar 2010 2020
road 4x4 SUV

C-segment/compact
XUV500 2011 2018
SUV

XUV500

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Bolero Neo 2015 2021 Subcompact SUV

Bolero Neo

Alturas G4 2018 2018 Mid-size SUV

Alturas G4

B-
XUV300 2019 2019 segment/subcompact
crossover SUV

XUV300

Mahindra Compact crossover

2021 2021
XUV700 SUV

Mahindra XUV700

MPV/van

Marazzo 2018 2020 Compact MPV

Marazzo
UTV

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4x4 off-road
Roxor 2018 2018 only utility
vehicle

Roxor

Aerospace and Defence

Mahindra Axe

The company has built and assembled military vehicles, commencing in 1947 with the

importation of the Willys Jeep that had been widely used in World War II.[77] Its line of military

vehicles under Mahindra Emirates Vehicle Armouring (MEVA, Mahindra Armoured) include the

Mahindra Armored Light Specialist Vehicle (ALSV) and the Mahindra Armored Straton Armoured

Personnel Carrier (APC),[78] and discontinued vehicles such as the Axe. It also maintained a joint

venture with BAE Systems, Defence Land Systems India; one of the first vehicles made under this

was the Mahindra Mine Protected Vehicle-I (MPV-I).[79]

Mahindra Defence and Aerospace has dedicated state-of-the-art facilities build to support

indigenization of defence manufacturing. In 2018, the company signed a multi-million dollar

aerospace deal with Airbus Group for the manufacture and supply of metallic components.[80]

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4. MILESTONES ACHIVED BY MAHINDRA AND MAHINDRA

M&M’s 61st year was studded with a number of noteworthy achievements,

prestigious prizes and glittering awards.

DUAL HONOURS FOR CHAIRMAN MR. KESHUB MAHINDRA

Chairman, Mr. Keshub Mahindra was awarded the “Business Visionary

Award 2006” instituted by the National Institute of Industrial
Engineering (NITIE), Mumbai. Chairman, Mr. Keshub Mahindra was also
awarded the prestigious IBS Kolkata Lifetime Achievement Award for his
‘unparalleled contribution to industrial growth and social and
economic development of the community’.

The Institute of Chartered Financial Analysts of India’s (ICFAI) India

Business School (IBS) presented it, Kolkata, at the Strategy Summit
2007, held in Kolkata.

SLEW OF HONOURS FOR MR. ANAND MAHINDRA

Mr. Anand Mahindra, VC & MD, Mahindra Group, received a number of

prestigious awards in 2006-07, including:

 The prestigious CNBC Asia Business Leader of the Year Award for
the Year 2006 as well as the CNBC TV India “Business Leader of
the Year Award”.

 The ‘CEO of the Year’ award at the India Brand Summit 2006 co-
sponsored by Business Standard and ITM Business School in
association with Times Now and DNA newspaper.

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 The LMA Entrepreneur of the Year 2006 award, instituted by the

Ludhiana Management Association (LMA).

 The Most Inspiring Corporate Leader of the Year’ Award by NDTV Profit

 The NDTV Profit – Car & Bike Award 2007 for Automobile Man of the Year.

Mr. Anand Mahindra was also nominated as a Member of the Council of the
Executive Committee of the National Sports Development Fund (NSDF) of
the Govt. of India. He was featured in the list of 50 Most Influential
Indians in Business Week’s edition dated August 13, 2007

HIGHEST CRISIL RATING FOR M&M

M&M has received the highest Governance & Value Creation rating, CRISIL
GVC Level - I from CRISIL for the ability to create value for all
stakeholders, while adopting sound corporate governance practices.

DUN & BRADSTREET AMERICAN EXPRESS CORPORATE AWARDS 2006

Mahindra & Mahindra was rated as the leading Indian company in the
Automobile - Tractors sector in the ‘Dun & Bradstreet – American
Express Corporate Awards 2006’. The Automobile Sector comprises of
three categories – Passenger Vehicles, Commercial Vehicles and
Tractors.

These awards recognize the virtues of size and growth in the awards
methodology. M&M ranked No. 1 in these two segments in the premier Dun
& Bradstreet India publication, India’s Top 500 Companies 2006.

MAHINDRA RECEIVES AMITY HR EXCELLENCE AWARD

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Mahindra & Mahindra was honored with the Amity HR Excellence Award at the Fourth
Amity Global HR Summit 2007 held at the Amity International Business School, Noida.
The Amity HR Excellence Award recognized Mahindra as one the most admired
companies across the global on account of its innovative strategies for Human
Resources Management and Development. GLOBAL HR EXCELLENCE AWARD FOR M&M

Mahindra & Mahindra won the Global HR Excellence Award for Innovative
HR practices (Manufacturing Sector), in the Asia Pacific HRM Congress,
held in Mumbai. These awards recognize organizations and individuals
who have embraced change, encouraged constructive challenges and
demonstrated entrepreneurial skills in the corporate world.

M&M WINS BOMBAY CHAMBER GOOD CORPORATE CITIZEN AWARD 2014-15

M&M was presented with the coveted Bombay Chamber Good Corporate
Citizen Award 2014-15 at a glittering ceremony held to celebrate the
Chamber’s 172nd Foundation Day on September 21, 2015. Mr. Bharat
Doshi, Executive Director, M&M Ltd. and Mr. Rajeev Dubey, Member of
the Group Management Board and Chairman, Mahindra & Mahindra CSR
Council, received the award on behalf of the company.
This Award recognizes and honors conspicuous achievement by corporate
organizations by way of service to the civic community, in addition to
outstanding operational performance. It takes into account several
parameters, including Business Performance, Corporate Interests,
Employee Welfare, Customer and Stakeholder Satisfaction and Social
Investment.

GOLDEN PEACOCK AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Mahindra & Mahindra won the coveted Golden Peacock Award for Excellence
in Corporate Governance 2006. This award validates the company’s
‘Best-in-Class’ corporate governance practices and reflects its
transparent and ethical dealings with stakeholders across the entire
value chain. It recognizes the Management’s commitment to the highest
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standards of corporate conduct and its commitment to Corporate Social

Responsibility as a distinct activity that helps build commendable
social values and adds to the ethical fiber of the organization.

BEST AUTOMOTIVE MANUFACTURING SUPPLY CHAIN EXCELLENCE AWARD

Mahindra & Mahindra has been awarded as the organization with the
“Best Automotive Manufacturing Supply Chain Excellence”. The awards
were presented by India Times Mindscape (Times of India Group) along
with the Business India Group at the Express, Logistics & Supply Chain
Awards held in Mumbai on September 28, 2007. A. C. Neilson is
accredited with the research for the award nominees and winners.

HIGH RANKINGS FOR MAHINDRA

M&M was ranked second in the prestigious e Most Trusted Car Company
in India study conducted by TNS. M&M scored 127 points, just seven
points below the top ranking company, according to a TNS communiqué.

 M&M was ranked 14th in The Economic Times prestigious ‘ET 500’
list of top achieving companies in India. The company has moved
up four ranks from last year. To quote from the ‘ET 500’ write-
up: “M&M’s ‘art-to-part’ strategy of diversification into the
auto parts value chain and its plans for new platforms for
utility vehicles and joint venture with Renault for Logan have
led to a gain in ranks.”

 M&M was ranked 22nd in Business India’s annual survey of the

country’s top companies - Super 100

 M&M was ranked 31st in Business Today’s annual survey of

India’s most valuable companies

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YEAR ACHIEVMENTS

1947 In October, the first batch of 75 Utility Vehicles (UVs) imported in CKD
condition from Willys overland Export Corporation.

Lease of 11,071 Sq. yards at Mazagaon from British India Steam navigation.

1949 The first Willys Overland Jeep built in India at the Assembly Plant , Mazagaon,
Bombay (now Mumbai).

1954 Manufacture of Vehicles undertaken in collaboration with Kaiser JeepCorporation

and American Motors Corporation.

1962 Indigenous content of Jeep goes up to 70 per cent. To centralise manufacturing

operations, 137 acres of land purchased at Kandivli.

1965 FC 150 Petrol Trucks introduced.

1967 Two wheelers drive Utility Vehicles introduced. The 101" wheel base andMetal
Body UVs introduced. Indigenous content goes up by 97 per cent.

1969 The start of vehicles export. Export of total 1200 UVs along with spare parts to
Yugoslavia. Exported also to Ceylon, Singapore, Philippines and Indonesia.

1970 The contracts to export of 3304 vehicles, mainly to Yugoslavia and Indonesia
concluded.

1971 Separate R&D section set up.

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Maxi miller campaign launched for the conservation of fuel. CJ 4A was

1974
introduced with new transmission and axle ratio. Collaboration agreement with
Jeep corporation (subsidiary of AMC, Detroit).

1975 FC 260 Diesel light truck and CJ 500 D Diesel was introduced with MD 2350
Diesel Engine.

1979 The Government of India approves in principle, technical collaboration with

Peugeot (France) for the manufacture of XDP 4.90 Diesel Engine.

The Nasik Trucks Assembly Plant and Peugeot Engine Assembly Plant at
Ghatkopar inaugurated. NC 665 DP Mini Truck rolls out from Nasik Assembly
1981
Line.

1983 FJ 460 model was introduced with 4-speed gearbox. Engine plant at Igatpuri
formally inaugurated by Mr. Jean Boillot, President of Automobiles Peugeot of
France for the manufacture of 25,000 Peugeot and Petrol engines.

1985 The New Mahindra Vehicle-MM 540 was launched in Bombay. NC 640 DP
with 4 speed gearbox and Mahindra MM 440 was introduced.

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1986 CJ 640 DP Vehicle introduced.

1987 MM 540 DP metal Body Wagonette introduced.

M&M signed a MoU with Hyderabad Allwyn Nissan Limited to form Mahindra
Nissan Allwyn Ltd., as its associate company with LCV operations inAndhra
1988
Pradesh.

The CJ 340 DP model was introduced. M&M and Peugeot announced their tie
up for the manufacture of Peugeot 504 pickup truck, BA 10 gearboxes and
1989
latest XD 3 diesel engines. M&M acquired automotive pressing unit at Kanhe,
from Guest Keen Williams Ltd.

1991 Introduced CJ 500 DI model with MDI 2500 A direct injection diesel engines.
M&M bags order to export 10,000 CKD kits. Commander range of models:
650 DI, 750 DP/HT were also launched with tremendous market response.

1993 The Mahindra Armada was launched

Mahindra Nissan Allwyn Ltd. (MNAL) was merged with M&M and
Zaheerabad LCV operations becoming part of Automotive Sector. FJ series of
1995
LCVs were shifted from Nasik to Zaheerabad. Igatpuri Engine Plant received
ISO 9002 certificate.

The new LCV model Cabking DI 3150 & Mahindra Classic vehicles were
1996 launched. New Commander 5 Door Hard Top introduced.

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Commercial production of the Ford Escort commenced at Nasik Plant. License

& Technical Assistance Agreement signed with Mitsubishi Motors Corporation
1997
for Manufacture of SL Body at Zaheerabad (Voyager with XD 3 and BA 10).
Kandivli and Nasik plants received ISO 9002 certificate from RW-TUV.

Die shop Inauguration at Nasik Plant 2-8/8/97. Voyager was launched by the
1998
Chairman at Zaheerabad Plant on 12/11/97
2000 Mahindra & Mahindra was among 2000 largest companies of the world in the
Forbes 2000 list.

2003 The Farm Equipment division received the Deming Prize in 2003

2006 Bombay Chamber Good Corporate Citizen Award for 2006–07

2007 Businessworld FICCI-SEDF Corporate Social Responsibility Award 2007

The Farm Equipment division received the Japan Quality Medal in 2007
2008 The US based Reputation Institute ranked M&M amongst the top Ten Indian
companies in its 'Global 200: The World's Best Corporate Reputations' list for
2008
2012 Bluebytes News rated M&M as India's second Most Reputed Car Company
(reported in their study titled Reputation Benchmark Study) conducted for the
Auto (Cars) Sector in 2012.
2016 Mahindra won top Corporate Governance and CSR awards at Asiamoney
Awards 2016.
2017 Mahindra was named ‘Manufacturing Innovator of the Year’ by TIME India
Awards in 2017.
2018 The company become the first Carbon Neutral plant facility in 2018.
In 2018, seven automotive plants of Mahindra & Mahindra (M&M) bagged the
prestigious Japan Institute of Plant Maintenance (JIPM) award.
2019 Mahindra was named India’s Best Brand by Interbrand in 2019.
The company was 23rd on Fortune’s global ‘Change The World’ list 2019.

2021 Mahindra Automotive was recognised as ‘One of the Most Trusted Brands of
India 2021’ by Team Marksmen and CNBC TV18.

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5. MAHINDRA AND MAHINDRA WASTE MANAGEMENT

Several initiatives in many counties have been proposed and are used for management
of solid waste all over the world. Experts initiated and proffered strategies to
reduce the volume of waste generation. Reduction, prevention, recovering,
repackaging, composting, recycling, reused, landfill, incineration, etc. are some of
the major ways currently used to manage wastes generally ].
Reuse or recycling has been used interchangeably while discussing about waste
management. Waste recycling can help eliminate and thus minimize wastes. It is
possible to minimize waste through the fabrication of machines from the used off
disposed metals from the industries and metal scrap markets. From the components
fabricated, it is apparent that these metals have become feeds stocks].
The problem of waste generated by automobiles is yet to attract attention although
the number of vehicles have increased enormously only over the last decade. No
formal regulations are still made regarding recyclability and disposal of ELV and
there is no infrastructure, organized system for collection, dismantling, shredding
and processing auto scrap. Currently, scrapped vehicles are cut and sold by low-
tech units leading to low recoveries and environment pollution. It is estimated that
o
by the year 2020, proper recycling procedures and systems can lead to recovery of
over 15,00,000 tonnes of steel scrap, 180,000 tonnes aluminium and 75,000 tonnes of
each of recoverable plastic and rubber. The residue will be of about 25,000 tonnes
to be disposed and this is rising at a rate of 10 per cent per year.
In many developing countries, P llution Control Board is planning to control hazardous
waste disposed
from automobile service stations besides tackling air and noise pollution caused by
motor vehicles.
Draining
This is the first thing done as vehicles come to ELV. The outside and the engine
area have been cleansed and the tyres removed, the automobile is drained by doing
away with vehicle or automotive fluids and the parts surrounding fluids. Draining is
important because of the danger involved in likely pollution as fluids finish on the
storage area, together with the danger of subsequent soiling of remaining waste. The
parts which are not difficult to access from the exterior are dismantled after
draining, which includes body parts that can be retrieved, for example bumpers,
plastic fuel tank and auxiliary compilations.

 MANAGEMENT OF PLASTIC WASTE

Plastics are cheap, lightweight and durable materials, which can readily be molded
into a variety of products that can be used in a wide range of applications. As a
consequence, the production of plastics and percentage of plastics used in vehicle
has increased markedly over the last years . However, current levels of their usage
and disposal generate several environmental problems. Around 4 per cent of world oil
and gas production is used as feedstock for plastics and a further 3–4% is expended
to provide energy for their manufacture. In addition, because of the stability of
the polymers involved, substantial quantities of rejected end-of-life plastics are
accumulating as debris in landfills and in natural habitats worldwide.
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5%
8%
Battery
42% 10% Fuel tank
13% Seat cushions
Dashboards
22%
Bumpers
Others

Figure 1.2: Average distribution of plastics in vehicles

The plastics industry has developed considerably since the invention of various
routes for its production from petrochemical sources. Plastics have substantial
benefits in terms of their low weight, durability and lower cost relative to many
other material types [15, 16].
The selection of the parts can only be manually done at least on the primary stage
but there must be some sort of training for the people to sort them in the right. A
first step of improving the plastic waste in automobiles is to control the amount of
imported parts into the country and instead reuse the old parts from ELVs. Many
vehicle dealers import parts like bumpers, lights, dash-board to mention but a few
in view of making profit but do not carefully consider how these parts will be
disposed or managed after serving useful purposes.
Recycling is one of the most important actions currently available today to reduce
these impacts and exhibits one of the most dynamic areas in the plastics industry.
Recycling provides opportunities to reduce oil usage, carbon dioxide emissions and
the quantities of waste requiring disposal. Recycling can be done by decrease in
material use through down gauging or product reuse, the use of alternative
biodegradable materials and energy recovery as fuel.
Natural resources are preserved when waste are re-cycled or re-use; as extracted raw
material can be re- melted, grinded or molded into new forms. This phenomenon goes a
long way to benefit the whole world as gases know no boundary and petroleum globally
will be reserved for the future if the little extracted are re-used or re-cycled
again and again into new products.

 MANAGEMENT OF GLASS WASTE

Glass is a high-tech material vital to the safety, security, comfort and

sustainability of modern life which is used in building, transport and automotive
applications. The average glass content in a vehicle is 3% by mass. Motor vehicles
contain two different types of safety glass: toughened and laminated. Typical
glazing parts consist of glass together with functional materials such as plastic
inter-layers in laminated safety glass, ceramic inks, silver printing electrical
connectors, encapsulation materials, fixing clips and others – according to vehicle
manufacturer’s requirements for glazing modules .
Automotive glass is thinner than constructional flat glass and therefore
intrinsically
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31Althoughsafety is the primary consideration, one of the major reasons for using
thinner glass is to minimize the weight of their vehicles. All materials and
components have to contribute to this. In addition automotive glass is subject to
very close scrutiny. In the vehicle, occupants sit very close to the glazing for
long period of time, thus any defects will be much more apparent. Even very small
optical defects can result in structural weaknesses and hence premature failure. In
automotive applications wastage arises during the production of shaped side glasses
and windscreens. This wastage is trimmed off and recycled. Very little work has been
performed till date on the recovery of these waste streams. In domestic arising,
glass forms only one part of the overall material profile in end of life vehicles,
estimated to be in the order of 3% by mass. Nationally, this could amount to as much
as 45,000 tonnes per annum most of which is currently land filled.
Glass is an environmentally compatible material that can be re-melted and used as a
secondary aggregate material after appropriate treatment. The treatment and
recycling of glass is difficult, expensive and unfeasible. Hence, it is possible to
dismantle the glass from ELV, collect and transport the glass to treatment units,
purify the glass and obtain clean and reusable glass raw material called cullet.
Cullet can be reused in making glass products, and is a substitute in other raw
material markets. The glass production industry uses cullet to two advantages:
firstly it is relatively cheaper than raw material (Silica) and consumes less
electrical energy in the furnaces for melting . Secondly it saves tons of natural
resources from being exploited, transported, treated and consumed to make glass
products. Thus, the reuse of cullet positively contributes in several ways to the
environment. The principal methods involved in the recycling of ELV glass are
Dismantling, Cullet Processing and Shredding [24, 25, 26].
Dismantling: The glass must be removed from the vehicle and sorted by type according
to the proposed end use i.e. laminated, silver printed rear windows etc. The average
time for this operation is around five minutes per vehicle.
Cullet Processing: The cullet processor selects from the range of waste glass that
is available taking into account factors such as level of contamination, continuity
of supply and financial factors e.g. costs and selling prices.
Shredding: In this operation the whole vehicle is crushed and shredded into pieces,
which are sorted into product streams. Glass left in the vehicle passes into a mixed
aggregate stream consisting of stone and brick etc..

 MANAGEMENT OF RUBBER WASTE

Rubber can be of two types: Natural rubber and Synthetic rubber. Synthetic rubber
can be made from polymerization of monomers such as styrene, chloroprene, isobutene
and 1,3-butadiene. Synthetic rubber is often preferred over natural rubber because
synthetic rubber has higher thermal stability and compatibility with petroleum based
products. Furthermore, synthetic rubber can be modified by using various
combinations of monomers. Unlike natural rubber, synthetic rubber contains no traces
of contaminants, allowing the addition of other materials in order to change its
properties [28]. Commonly, additives such as carbon black or zinc can be used to
alter the mechanical properties of the product. As a result, synthetic rubber is
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used to produce more durable products such as hoses, belts and tyres. For
31
 example, changing the percentages of sulfur or additives will produce different32
types of tyres to suit various applications [29].
Tyres: Automotive tires are made of synthetic rubber which is obtained from
petroleum. The development of tires was based on improving the performance of
natural rubber which is obtained from the liquid latex secreted by certain plants.
The growing demand for automobiles has generated huge amount of waste tyres and
disposing it economically and in an environment friendly manner has become a
challenge for many local and central governments around the world. The continuous
increase in the management cost of waste tyres has led to illegal dumping and
stockpiling, which are inherent costs to local authorities [30, 31, 32, 33]. Mostly
they are either disposed off in landfills or in some inappropriate way such as
illegal dumping. Waste minimization includes recycling, reusing and developing new
process of toxicity reduction [34]. The waste management hierarchy includes
reduction, reuse, recycling, landfilling and recovery of waste by physical,
biological and chemical process.

 Current Disposal Methods of Automobile Tyres

The current disposal methods of waste tyres include landfill, crumbing,
devulcanization, remould, incineration, Tyre derived fuel and energy recovery
through pyrolysis.
Landfill: Shredding of the waste tyres before disposal has been done for size
reduction before disposal. Presently about 50% of the waste automobile tyres are
used for landfill in every country. Buried tyres in landfill sites cause fire
hazards at several places. Such fires lead to uncontrolled pyrolysis of tyres which
produces a complex mixture of chemicals. Further knowledge of long-term leaching of
organic chemicals at the landfill sites is quite limited at the moment.
Crumbing: Crumbing is another method of disposal. In this method, the tyres are cut
at several stages until rubber attains crumb form which can be used in several
applications. Although several outlets for Tyre crumb are possible, only around 25%
is being used at present. It potentially provides the most effective solution for
recycling without causing any other direct pollution problem [35].
Devulcanization: Devulcanization means reverting rubber from its thermoset, elastic
state back into a plastic, mold-able state. This is accomplished by separating the
sulfur bonds in the molecular structure. With the proper devulcanization method, a
much higher percentage of crumb rubber old tires can be used as compounding .
Remould: It is a costly process for the manufacturer both in terms of economy and
physical work. Further only few designs, about 20% of tyres are suitable for re-
moulding which may increase by 5% in future.
Incineration: Electrical power can be generated by incineration of waste tyres.
However, this method requires high investment costs and further causes a lot of
pollution. Thermal recovery in cement kilns and power plants is an important route
for disposal of scrap tyres hence legislators may insist on refurbishing of emission
systems of certain users [36].
Tyre Derived Fuel: Since waste tyres are originated from rubber which is an organic
matter and has high energy content, Tyre can be used to generate heat and electrical
power. The usable substance obtained from Tyre for this purpose is referred to as
Tyre Derived Fuel (TDF). TDF is mainly used for heating purpose in cement kilns .
Pyrolysis: Tyre pyrolysis is a process of converting waste plastic and tyres into
Pyrolysis
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32
33breakdownwhere larger molecules are broken down into smaller molecules [38, 39].
Heat and catalyst are required for the reaction. The decomposed tires transformed
into oil gas. By pyrolysis of polymer waste, it is possible to recover value from
waste in the form of Pyrolysis oil, Hydrocarbon gas and charcoal [40].

 MANAGEMENT OF METAL WASTE

Metals specifically are solid wastes that come from solid industrial wastes (e.g.,
industrial retooling, broken or grounded equipment, etc.) construction wastes,
automobile scraps, office scraps, rejected spear parts, etc. Most machines,
equipment and tools are made from the metals, which forms the major material used to
produce the world infrastructure. The metallic parts consist of more than 70% of the
total amount of components found in the vehicle with steel and aluminium being the
dominant materials used for structural applications. Steel of various grades is used
as a major component for the frame, chassis and body parts of the vehicle. Aluminium
is used also for the body, parts of the chassis and engine, interior parts, airbags
etc. The rest of the metals and other materials are found in smaller amounts and are
used to produce the auxiliary parts of the car. For example cables, radiators,
connectors etc. are made from copper [42]. Lead and zinc are also materials used in
the car. The main application for lead is the vehicle-battery but it is also used as
alloying element in steel and aluminium for machining properties. Zinc on the other
hand among other purposes, is also used as steel coating for corrosion prevention.
After the utilization phase the vehicle becomes waste as every other product. More
than 90% of end-of- life vehicles are collected and treated, as recent regulation
measures impose . A series of processes follow in order to extract reusable and
recyclable parts and materials and also reduce the volume of the waste. A vehicle
today is reused and recycled at an average rate of 80% by weight. Around 65% to70%
of this rate corresponds to its metallic components while the rest 10% to 15%
corresponds to the parts that are dismantled and reused or recycled. The stages
followed in the end of life treatment facilities in consecutive order are:
pretreatment, dismantling, shredding and shredder residues treatment . Pre-treatment:
During pre-treatment vehicle components that contain dangerous and toxic substances
are removed. Examples of such components are the operating fluids like different
oils and fuels, the battery, the oil filters, components containing mercury and
devices like the airbags which contain explosive substances. Most of the parts
removed in this stage are recycled or further treated and disposed according to
regulation .
Dismantling: The next step is dismantling where the vehicle is disassembled to its
major components and the individual parts that can be recycled or reused directly
are removed. Parts that have an economic value like the engine or other parts of the
body could be directly recovered and reused after some repairing processes.
Furthermore, as the vehicle is dismantled different parts are divided into different
material and components fractions and then recycling takes place. Examples of most
commonly found components of this fraction include tyres, parts made of glass,
catalytic converters etc. .
Shredding: The goal of shredding is to reduce the volume of the remaining waste and
at the same time separate the materials in more homogenous fractions in order to
make R016
their recycling easier. The vehicle parts are shredded into smaller pieces and
33
then mechanical and physical processes like magnetic separation, eddy current belt34
and sink-floating methods are used to separate further the different materials
according to their type and properties. After these processes the materials are
divided to three general categories: ferrous metals (iron, steel), non-ferrous
metals (aluminium, copper) and shredder residues. Ferrous and non-ferrous materials
are directly recycled as scrap metals.
Shredder residues treatment: Shredder residues (SR) constitute the remaining 25% by
weight of the vehicle that is not recycled. Materials from the SR fraction are more
difficult to be extracted as it is a mixture of substances with different properties
[49]. Extraction and recycling of these substances is possible but most of the times
it is not economically feasible. The majority of the SR fraction ends up in
landfills after some last treatment process. Post shredding processes aiming to
achieve higher separation and recycling levels by extracting the remaining metals
and other parts like plastics and minerals from the SR. Again mechanical and
physical separation methods are used. The remaining residues highly consistent of
polymers are disposed in landfills in most of the countries worldwide. Taking into
account the fact that concentration of plastics and composites in new vehicles is
increasing, the SR treatment would become much more inefficient. Increasing the
possibilities for SR utilization and higher recovery rates is therefore becoming
urgent .

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6. RECOMMENDATION & CONCLUSION

Mahindra Company has to implement good customer relationship management strategy

that enhances customer satisfaction level.
The company can for the undertake R&D to improve the existing feature which field
help increase in the customer satisfaction.
The company should promote about the entire feature offered by it.

As majority of the customer give opinion that they are satisfied is the factor,
services and design of the product of the company should taken not only maintain the
existing standard but also enhance them.
As majority of the respondents are satisfied with the safety and comfort feature of
Mahindra Bolero, the company should maintain the same standard and it is suggested
to come up with suitable measure to reduce the negative opinion among the consumer
who are of the opinion that the fuel consumption is a dissatisfying factor.
Majority of the respondents are satisfied with the safety and comfort feature of
Mahindra Bolero, the company should maintain the same standard and it is suggested
to come up with suitable measure to reduce the negative opinion among the consumer
who are of the opinion that the fuel consumption is a dissatisfying factor.
As such, Mahindra should focus on the aspects, which will enhance the customer
satisfaction and thus the market share.

 Conclusion

Mahindra and Mahindra Motors has a very good market share in the state of
Jaipur(Rajasthan) for the SUV segment.The company is offering good services, which
is reflected on the satisfaction of the customer. Majority of the customer are
satisfied with the design of the vehicle.
Mahindra & Mahindra motors are providing better facilities compare with other
brand. As 67% of the respondents are satisfied that they are happy with Bolero, it
satisfies that the customer satisfaction levels are very high. If the company were
to identify the pitfalls in their product and undertake remedial measure, thus it
will lead to more good word of mouth publicity.
Though majority of the customer are satisfied that the maintenance cost of Mahindra
Bolero is less, around 20% are not satisfied which may be because of comparison of
Bolero with the newly launched competing brands coming with even lower maintenance
cost.
As 80% of the respondents are happy with the space availability of the
Mahindra Bolero vehicle, it can be conducted that the company has undertaken proper
R&D in this aspect.
The 20% of the respondents who have answered negatively may be comparing with
the vehicle in the same category launched very recently.

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Refrences

 INTERNET:

1.Mahindra & Mahindra' Official Website

2.WWW.Business world.com
3.WWW.Autowold.com 4.WWW. Top gear.com
5. WWW.Gaddi.com

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37INTERNET:

1.Mahindra & Mahindra' Official Website

2.WWW.Business world.com
3.WWW.Autowold.com 4.WWW. Top gear.com
5. WWW.Gaddi.com

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