STATISTICS AND LESSON 2

RANDON VARIABLES

PROBABILITY AND PROBABILITY

DISTRIBUTIONS
OBJECTIVES:

• Finds the possible values of a random variable.

• Illustrates a probability distribution for a discrete
random variable and its properties.
• Constructs the probability mass function of a discrete
random variable and its corresponding histogram.
• Computes probabilities corresponding to a given
random variable.
The probability distribution of a discrete random
variable X is a list of each possible value of X
together with the probability that X takes that value
in one trial of the experiment.

EXAMPLE:
Supposed two coins are tossed consecutively
and we are interested in the number of heads that will
come out.
Let us use H to represent the number of heads
that will come out. Determine the values of the random
variable H.
Step 1. List the sample space of the experiment

H HH
H
T HT

H TH
T
T TT

SAMPLE SPACE= {HH, HT, TH, TT}

Step 2. Count the number of heads in each outcome
and assign this number to this outcome.

The values of the random variable H (number of

heads) in this experiment are 0, 1, and 2
Step 3. Construct the frequency distribution of the
values of the random variable R.
Step 4. Construct the probability distribution of the
random variable H by getting the probability of
occurrence of each value of the random variable.

Number of 0 1 2
heads, X
Probability, 1 1 1
P(X) 4 2 4
Step 5. Construct the histogram of the
probability distribution of the random variable.

Number of 0 1 2
heads, X
Probability, 1 1 1
P(X) 4 2 4

0
0 1 2
Step 5. Construct the histogram of the
probability distribution of the random variable.

Number of 0 1 2
heads, X
Probability, 1 1 1
P(X) 4 2 4

0
0 1 2
Step 5. Construct the histogram of the
probability distribution of the random variable.
Number of 0 1 2
heads, X
Probability, 1 1 1
P(X) 4 2 4

0
0 1 2
Step 5. Construct the histogram of the
probability distribution of the random variable.
Number of 0 1 2
heads, X
Probability, 1 1 1
P(X) 4 2 4

0
0 1 2
Properties of a Discrete Probability Distribution

1. The sum of all probabilities should be 1.

P(X) = 1
Number of 0 1 2
heads, X
Probability, 1 1 1 P(X) = + =1
P(X) 4 2 4

2. Probabilities should be confined between zero (0) and 1.

0 P (X) 1

Number of 0 1 2
heads, X
Probability, 1 1 1
P(X) 4 2 4
EXAMPLE:
Determine whether the distributions is a discrete probability distribution.
P(X) = 1 0 P (X) 1

x 3 6 8 NO
A. It is not a discrete probability
P(X) -0.3 0.6 0.7
distribution , P(X) cannot be -0.3

x 1 2 3 4 5 YES
B. P(X) 3 1 1 2 3 It is not a discrete probability
10 10 10 10 10 distribution
For the Activity
- LOG In to your LMS account:

Answer the DLP no. 2 in LMS

(your answer will be handwritten in any type of paper and take picture or a PDF FILES )

Watch the video lesson in lms

L03 - Mean, Variance, and Standard Deviation of a discrete
probability distribution
Note:
Must have name and section per page.
Send your output via LMS, pictures MUST be
in PDF or JPEG format ONLY
DLP 2
THANK YOU! Mary Jean A. Ballesteros
ballesterosmaryjeanamar@gmail.com