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Regional Terms
superior/cranial

upper

inferior/caudal

lower

medial

middle

close to center

inner side

lateral

outer sides

sides of something

intermediate

middle of something

superficial

more external

far away from something

e.g. skin is superficial to the bones

deep

more internal

closer to the inside

bones are deep to the skin

Regional Terms 1
 ipsilateral

same side

contralateral

opposite side

proximal

near to the trunk

distal

far from the trunk

digit/phalangeal

fingers

toe

pubic

pubis

femoral

thigh

patellar

front of knee

crural

leg or shin

tarsal

ankle

pedal

foot

dorsum

top of the foot

back of hand

Regional Terms 2
 hallux

big toe

cranial

skull

facial

face

cephalic

head

frontal

forehead

temporal

temple

orbital

eye

ocular

otic

ear

buccal

cheek

nasal

nose

oral

mouth

mental

chin

clavicle

Regional Terms 3
 neck

sternal

breastbone

middle of the chest

axillary

armpit

thoracic

chest

mammary

breast

antecubital fossa

front of elbow

antebrachial

forearm

abdominal

stomach

umbilical

navel

one of the nine regions of the abdomen

coxal

hip

inguinal

groin

pelvic

pelvis

pollex

Regional Terms 4
 thumb

manual

hand

palmar/volar

palm

carpal

wrist

occipital

base of skull

rear part of the upper brain

scapular

shoulder blade

flat, triangular-shaped bone located near the upper thoracic region at the dorsal
side of the ribcage

vertebral

spinal column

the vertebrae have 5 main regions namely:

cervical (C1-T2)

thoracic (T2-T12)

lumbar (T12-L5)

sacrum (sacral curve)

coccyx (read as cock-six)

Regional Terms 5
 dorsal

relating to something at the back

sacral

lies at the bottom of the spine and lies between the fifth segment of the lumbar
spine (L5) and the coccyx

olecranial/ cubital

back of the elbow

gluteal

relating to something at the buttocks

Regional Terms 6
 the anatomical area located posteriorly to the pelvic girdle, at the proximal end
of the femur

perineal

the region located between the thighs and is the most inferior part of the pelvic
outlet

the perineum is located in the area between the anus and genitals

popliteal

popliteal fossa; is located at the posterior aspect of the knee

the main pathway for blood vessels and nerve for material exchange between
thigh and leg

sural

encompasses the area behind the shin region or the lower leg

muscular swelling of the back of the leg below the knee

plantar

referring to the heel or an area near the heel

calcaneal

sole

Regional Terms 7