English4Life Elemental 3 Anthology

English4Life
We Love Your Triumphs
Elemental 3
Student’s Name
_____________________________________________________________
1
Content
Unit 1: Daily Routine..................................................................................... 3

Unit 2: Royal Family ................................................................................... 22
Unit 3: Transportation ................................................................................ 38
Unit 4: Free time.......................................................................................... 49
Unit 5: Movies ............................................................................................. 68
Unit 6: Food ................................................................................................ 84
Unit 7: This – These & That - Those ........................................................ 103
Unit 8: Possessive Adjectives ................................................................. 110
Unit 9: Make and Do ................................................................................. 117
Unit 10: But & So ...................................................................................... 123
2
Unit 1: Daily Routine
Listening Activity: Introducing Yourself
Instructions: Listen to the audio and repeat the phrases. Then, using
your cellphone, record yourself saying the phrases in English.
1. El nombre. A. Name
2. El nombre de pila B. First name / Given Name
3. El apellido C. Last name / Surname
4. ¿Cómo te llamas? D. What’s your name?
5. ¿Cómo se llama usted? E. What is your name?
6. Me llamo Philipp. F. My name is Philipp.
7. ¿Cómo se llama usted? G. What is your name?
8. ¿Cómo te llamas? H. What’s your name?
9. Me llamo Franziska. I. My name is Franziska.
10. ¿Cuál es tu apellido? J. What’s your last name?
11. ¿Cuál es su apellido? K. What is your last name?
12. Mi apellido es Neumann. L. My last name is Neumann.
13. ¿Quién es usted? M. Who are you?
14. ¿Quién eres? N. Who are you?
15. Soy Franziska. O. I’m Franziska.
Vocabulary Activity: Talking about Names and Ages

Instructions: Analyze the expressions to Talk about Names and Ages.
A. The teacher’s name is Mr. Smith.
B. It’s for anyone aged 11-15.
C. You must be under 16 to do it.
D. The museum is called New Art Museum.
E. It’s for 12-16-year-old.
F. You must be over 12 to do it.
Notes
3
Listening Activity: Saying Hello and Goodbye
Instructions: Listen to the audio and repeat the expressions. Then, using
A. Hola A. Hello!
B. Hola B. Hi!
C. Hola C. Hello!
D. Hola, Señor Richter. D. Hello, Mr. Richter!
E. Hola, Anna. E. Hello, Anna!
F. Buenos días, Peter. F. Good morning, Peter!
G. Hola, señora Steller. G. Hello, Ms. Steller!
H. Buenas tardes, señor Richter. H. Good evening, Mr. Richter!
I. Buenos noches, Anna. I. Good night, Anna!
J. Hasta mañana. J. See you tomorrow!
K. Adiós. K. Goodbye!
L. Hasta pronto. L. See you soon!
M. Adiós. M. Bye!
Notes
4
Listening Activity: Everyday Expressions
Instructions: Listen to the expressions and repeat them. Then, using
1.Sí A.Yes
2.No. B.No
3.Vale. / Ok C.Okay / OK
4.¡Perdón! D.Sorry!
5.Gracias. / Muchas gracias. E.Thanks / Thank you
6.De nada. F.You’re welcome.
7.Con mucho gusto. G.With pleasure
8.De nada. H.Anytime
9.No hay problema. I.No problem!
10.¡No importa! J.It doesn’t matter.
11.¡Felicitaciones! K.Congratulations!
12.¡Mucha suerte! L.Good luck!
13.Me alegro. M.I’m glad.
14.¡Qué bien! N.That’s great!
15.¡Cuidado! O.Caution!
16.¡De ninguna manera! P.No way!
17.Lamentablemente, no es posible. Q.Unfortunately, it’s not possible.
Notes
5
Listening Activity: How Are You?
1.¿Cómo estás? A. How are you?
2.¿Cómo está usted? B. How are you?
3.Estoy bien, gracias. C. I’m fine, thank you.
4.No estoy muy bien. D. I’m not so well.
5.Estoy mal. E. I’m not doing well.
6.Estoy contenta (o). / Soy feliz. F. I’m happy.
7.Estoy cansada (o). G. I’m tired.
8.Estoy enferma (o). H. I’m sick.
9.Estoy resfriada (o). I. I have a cold.
10.Estoy estresada (o.) J. I’m stressed out.
11.Estoy enojada (o). K. I’m angry!
12.Estoy triste. L. I’m sad.
13.Necesito ayuda. M. I need help.
Notes
6
Listening Activity: Where are you from?
1.¿De dónde eres? A.Where are you from?
2.¿De dónde es usted? B.Where are you from?
3.Soy de Rusia. C.I’m from Russia.
4.Somos de Turquía. D.We’re from Turkey.
5.Soy de cerca de Berlin. E.I come from near Berlin.
6.El país F.Country
7.La ciudad G.City
8.¿Dónde está? H.Where is that?
9.Es una ciudad en Alemania. I.It’s a city in Germany.
10.¡Bienvenido (s)! J.Welcome!
11.Asia K. Asia
12.Europa L.Europe
13.África M.Africa
14.América del Norte N.North America
15.América del Sur O.South America
16.Oceanía P.Australia
Notes
7
Listening Activity: Where do you live?
1. ¿Dónde vives? A. Where do you live?
2.¿Dónde vive usted? B. Where do you live?
3.Vivo en Berlín. C. I live in Berlin.
4.Queda en el este de Alemania. D. That is in eastern Germany.
5.Vivimos en un pueblo. E. We live in a village.
6.Vivo en el campo. F. I live in the country.
7.¿Dónde está eso? G. Where is that?
8.Está en Baviera. H. It’s in Bavaria.
9.el Estado federado I. German state
10.¿Cuál es la dirección? J. What’s the address?
11.La dirección es… K. The address is…
12.Vivo en la Bahnhofstraße. L. I live on Bahnhofstraße.
13.Yo vivo con unos amigos. M. I live with friends.
Notes
8
Grammatical Activity: Joining Sentences
Instructions: Analyze the following expressions to join sentences.
1. And is used to connect two ideas.
In Spanish, and indicates y.
G. Example:
➢ I usually wake up late and I have breakfast.
2. But is used to contrast two ideas.
In Spanish, but indicates pero, o sino.
H. Example:
➢ I love riding my bike but I don’t like running.
➢ I have no choice but to accept the terms.
3. Or is used to give two options.
In Spanish, or indicates o.
I. Example:
➢ On weekends, we go to the cinema or we watch a film at home.
Notes
9
Critical Thinking Exercise: Giving Personal Information 1
Instructions: Match the questions (1-6) with their correct answers (A-F).
Questions Answers
1. How many brothers or sister A. Yes, my eldest brother
have you got? speaks English.
2. What do they do? B. I go to bed around 10 p.m.
3. What do you usually have for C. I usually have fried eggs and
breakfast? a milk shake.
4. What do you usually do in the D. They are students.
afternoon?
5. At what time do you go to bed? E. I usually go out with my
friends.
6. Can other people in your family F. I’ve got 3 brothers. The
speak English? middle ones are twins.
Notes
Critical Thinking Exercise: Giving Personal Information 2

Instructions: Answer the following questions with your personal
information.
➢ Where do you come from? Example: I come from Naples in Italy.
A. I come from
1. Where do you live?
B. I live in
2. Where do you study?
C. I study at
3. At what time do you start school?
D. I start school at
4. What do you like about your school?
E. I like my school because
5. Do you study or work?
F. I study… / I work…
6. Where do you work?
G. I work at
7. At what time do you start working?
H. I start working at
8. What do you like about your work?
I. I like my work because
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Listening Activity: Daily Routine
1.Por la mañana A.In the morning
2.Me levanto a las ocho. B.I get up at 8:00 a.m.
3.Desayunar C.To have breakfast
4.Me cepillo los dientes D.I brush my teeth.
5.Me ducho todos los días. E.I shower every day.
6.Me lavo el pelo. F.I wash my hair.
7.Me visto. G.I get dressed.
8.A las nueve voy a trabajar. H.I go to work at 9 o’clock.
9.Al mediodía I.At noon
10.La pausa del mediodía J.Lunch break
11.Almuerzo a la una. K.I have lunch at 1:00 p.m.
12.Por la noche L.In the evening
13.Salgo de trabajar a las 6.30 M.I finish work at 6:30 p.m.
14.Me voy a casa. N.I go home.
15.Por la noche O.At night
16.Me voy a la cama a las 10 p.m. P.I go to sleep at 10:00 p.m.
Vocabulary Activity: Daily Activities

Instructions: Match the ideas with the correct images.
A. I wake up at 6 am.
B. I take a shower at 6.30 am.
1 2 3
C. I have breakfast at 7.15 am.
D. I go to work/study at 7.30 am 4
E. I cook my family meals at 2.00 pm.
F. I have my meals at 3.00 pm. 5 6 7
G. I go to bed at 10.00 pm.
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Listening Activity: It’s Clean
1.Está limpio. A. It’s clean.
2.Está sucio. B. It’s dirty.
3.El producto de limpieza C. Cleaning detergent
4.El trapo de limpiar D. Cleaning rag
5.Tengo que limpiar la cocina. E. I have to clean the kitchen.
6.Tienes que ordenar el F. You have to clean the apartment.

departamento.
7.Barrer G. To sweep
8.Fregar – Trapear H. To mop – To wipe something
9.¿Puedes lavar los platos, por I. Can you please wash the dishes?
favor?
10.Tengo que aspirar. J. I have to vacuum.
11.¿Dónde está la aspiradora? K. Where is the vacuum cleaner?
12.La basura L. Garbage
13.¿Puedes sacar la basura? M. Can you take out the garbage,

please?
14.Llevar el vidrio al contenedor. N. To take the glass to recycling

container.
Notes
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Critical Thinking Exercise: Asking for More Information
Instructions: Match the questions (1-7) with their corresponding
answers (A-G).
Questions Answers
1. What’s the address of the A. You can visit the website or
bookshop? give us a call.
2. What’s the phone number? B. It is John Campbell.
3. What’s the email address? C. It’s 618 542 394 684.
4. What’s the website address? D. It’s 485 958 583
5. How can I get more information? E. It’s www.languages4life.com
6. What’s your Facebook account? F. It’s 53 Arrow Street.
7. What’s your WhatsApp? G. It’s elt10@gmail.com
Speaking Strategy: Asking for More Information

Instructions: Analyze the following questions to ask for more
information and answer them.
A. What’s the website address?
•
B. What’s your Facebook account?
•
C. How can I get more information?
•
D. What’s the address?
•
E. What’s the phone number?
•
F. What’s the email address?
•
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Critical Thinking Exercise: Address or Phone Number
Instructions: Write your own complete answers to these questions. You
can make up information.
1.Where do you live?
•
2.What’s your phone number?
•
3.What’s your favorite website?
•
4.Where does your best friend live?
•
5.What’s your email address?
•
6.What’s your Facebook account?
•
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Grammar: Adverbs of Frequency
Instructions: Analyze the following information about adverbs of
frequency.
• We use adverbs of frequency, like sometimes or usually, to say how
often we do things, or how often things happen.
• There are basically two types of adverbs Short Adverbs or Longer
Adverbs.
1. The position of the short adverbs, e.g. always, often etc., depends
on the verb:
➢ When we use the verb to Be, we have to use the short adverb after
the verb to Be.
• Examples:
> They’re always late. > We are often busy.
> You are rarely at home. > She is always working at night.
➢ When we use other verbs, we have to use the short adverb before
the verb.
• Examples:
> We often go to the cinema. > She never bets her money.
> We seldom go to the park. > They always do business.
2. Longer adverbs e.g. once a month, twice a year, every day etc.
usually go at the end of the sentence.
• Examples:
> The boss calls us every day. > We are upset at no time.
> John is hungry three times a day. > I see her every day.
3. To ask about the frequency of an action we use the question How
often…?
• Examples:
> How often are you at home? I am rarely at home.
> How often does she go to the park? She seldom goes there.
> How often does the boss call us? He calls you every day.
> How often do you play tennis? I play tennis seven times a
week.
Notes
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Vocabulary: Frequency Adverbs
Instructions: Analyze and memorize the following adverbs.
Adverbs Adverbios para
Adverbs to Adverbios para Indicar
to indicate Indicar
Indicate Specific una Frecuencia
a General Frecuencia
Frequency Específica
Frequency General
Always Siempre No time/Any time En ningún momento
Usually Usualmente One time= Once Una vez
Frequently Frecuentemente Two times= Twice Dos veces
Often A menudo Three times Tres veces
Sometimes Algunas veces Four times Cuatro veces
Seldom Rara vez Six times Seis veces
Rarely Rara vez Seven times Siete veces
Never Nunca (N) times Cualquier número de
veces
Critical Thinking Exercise: Adverbs of Frequency

Instructions: Write the following adverbs of frequency on the continuum
below.
Often – not very often – hardly ever – not very much – sometimes –
quite often – a lot – quite a lot – always
Never All the time
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Grammatical Exercises: Adverbs of Frequency
Instructions: Organize the words to make coherent sentences.
1. often – go there. – We
• ____________________________________________________
2. frequently – Buses – between the city and the airport. – run
• ____________________________________________________
3. me. – You – help – never
• ____________________________________________________
4. twice a week. – visit – They – their grandmother
• ____________________________________________________
5. home – I’m – by 8 o’clock. – usually
• ____________________________________________________
6. We – every day. – together – eat
• ____________________________________________________
7. always – She – at 7 p.m. – arrives
• ____________________________________________________
8. They – films. – watch – never
• ____________________________________________________
9. photographs. – He – takes – sometimes
• ____________________________________________________
10. late – They’re – always
• ____________________________________________________
11. We – play – usually – sports.
• ____________________________________________________
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Listening Activity: Daily Activities
Instructions: By listening to the audio, select the correct options.
1. Fred gets up of bed around 2. He walks to school because
A. 7 A. it is far from home.
B. 7:30 B. he likes to walk.
C. 7: 10 C. it is near his home.
D. 7:13 D. he is active.
3. The school is 4. British school food
A. new A. is delicious.
B. modern B. is exquisite.
C. ancient C. is nice.
D. contemporary D. is bad.
5. School finishes at 6. They’ll have dinner around
A. 3 A. 7:30
B. 3:13 B. 6:13
C. 3: 30 C. 6:30
D. 3: 20 D. 7:13
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Reading Activity: Daily Activities
Instructions: Listen to the audio and follow the reading.
My name’s Fred, I live in London and I’m 17 years old. I wake up at 7
and I usually get out of bed about 7.30 then I come downstairs and have
breakfast. Usually, I have cereal for breakfast with orange juice but
sometimes I have a toast with usually jam or honey. Then I pack my
5 bag for school. I walk, because my school’s only…is only in the centre
of the town where I live so it’s only 15 minutes’ walk in the morning,
which is good because it means I can sleep later.
The school is quite old, it’s been a school for about 400 years and
it’s got about 1000 students there in 7 age groups and it’s only boys
10 there. School starts at 8.30 and then we have two lessons which go
until 10:15. 10:45 we have break for 15 minutes. Then 11 till 12:40 we
have two more lessons, and then lunchtime. I can go into town to get
my lunch, but most people have to stay in the school and eat the school
food and British school food isn’t very nice. Then we have two more
15 lessons after lunch and we finish school at 3:30.
Usually, I come home and I just sort of relax for a bit, and that’s
usually for maybe an hour. I read or I watch television. My mum gets
home about…usually between 5:30 and 6 and so we’ll usually eat
dinner about 6:30.
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Reading Comprehension Activity: Daily Activities
Instructions: By reading the previous article, answer the following
questions.
1. In line 4 “I” refers to 2. The school only admits
A. Fred A. Female students
B. Orange juice B. Male students
C. Jam C. Both
D. Honey D. Babies
3. Fred has three bothers. 4. His mom works as a chef.
A. True. A. True.
B. False. B. False.
C. It is not known. C. It is not known.
D. No, he has 2. D. No, she works in an office.
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Speaking Practice: Daily Activities
Instructions: Develop your thoughts on the following questions and be
ready for the speaking practice in class.
1. Do you work or study? Or both?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2. Where do you work or study?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3. At what time do you leave home?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
4. At what time do you usually wake up?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
5. At what time do you usually have breakfast?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
6. At what time do you go to work or study?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
7. What do you do in the afternoons?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
8. What do you usually do on weekends?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
9. What do you like to do on Saturday’s nights?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
10. What don’t you like to do in the mornings?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
11. At what time do you go to bed?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
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Unit 2: Royal Family
Listening Activity: Family Vocabulary
1. ¿Quién es? A. Who is that?
2. La família B. Family
3. Esta es mi familia. C. That’s my family.
4. Los padres D. Parents
5. La madre E. Mother
6. El padre F. Father
7. El niño / la niña G. Child
8. No tengo hijos. H. I don’t have any children.
9. La hija I. Daughter
10. El hijo J. Son
11. Tengo dos hijos. K. I have two sons.
12. La hermana L. Sister
13. El hermano M. Brother
14. La abuela N. Grandmother
15. El abuelo O. Grandfather
16. La esposa P. Wife
17. El esposo Q. Husband
18. Estoy casado (a). R. I’m married.
19. Estoy soltera (o). S. I’m single.
Notes
22
Vocabulary Activity: Family
Instructions: By analyzing the unorganized letters, organize them to
form words about family. The first letter is already given.
1.fewi W 2.bandhus H
3.mertho M 4.fethar F
5.daterugh D 6.nos S
7.mogranderht G 8.fanargerth G
9.retsis S 10.throber B
11.tsenpar P 12.ingsblis S
13.tuna A 14.clunce U
15.sinouc C 16.lareveti R
17.disk K 18.rendchil C
19.omm M 20.dydad D
21.law-daughter- in D 22.son-law- in S
23.mother-law-in M 24.law-father-in F
25.in-sister-law S 26.brother-law-in B
27.mostepther S 28.fastepther F
29.steptersis S 30.steptherbro S
Speaking Strategy: Phrases to Talk about Your Family

Instructions: Analyze the following phrases to talk about your family.
A. My mother’s name is… B. What’s your mother’s name?
(El nombre de mi mamá es…) (¿Cuál es el nombre de tu mamá?)
C. My brothers’ names are… D. What are your brothers’ names?

(¿Cuáles son los nombres de tus hermanos?)
(Los nombres de mis hermanos son…)
E. We live in… F. I have three brothers.

(Yo tengo tres hermanos.)
(Nosotros vivimos en…)
G. I’m single child. H. My mother works at…

(Mi madre trabaja en…)
(Yo soy hijo único.)
I. My brother studies at… J. My father is retired.

(Mi hermano estudia en…) (Mi padre está retirado.)
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Listening Activity: People you know
Instructions: Listen to the audio and repeat the expressions.
1.El amigo A.Friend
2.Eres mi mejor amigo -amiga. B.You’re my best friend.
3.Somos amigos. C.We are friends.
4.La pareja / el socio D.Partner
5.El conocido E.Acquaintance
6.Es una conocida. F.She’s an acquaintance.
7.¿Dónde se conocieron? G.Where did you meet each other?
8.El colega H.Colleague
9.Somos colegas. I.We are colleagues.
10.El compañero de la escuela J.Classmate
11.El vecino – La vecina K.Neighbor
12.El desconocido L.Stranger
13.No lo conozco. M.I don’t know him.
24
Grammar Point: Have Got
Instructions: Analyze the following information about Have Got.
• In English, to express the Spanish idea of possession (Tener), we use
verb to Have or its idiomatic form Have Got. The contraction form ’ve
got, ’VE is pronounced /f/.
• To talk about He, She or It, Third persons in Singular, we use Has or
Has got.
• We can use have got or have in the following situations
1. To talk about the things, we possess. ––– Examples:
➢ I have got a house in Mexico. ––– I’ve got a house in Mexico.
(Yo tengo una casa en México.)
➢ She has got a black car. ––– She’s got a black car.
(Ella tiene un carro negro.)
Explanation
• In the four examples, we use have got or has got to express a
possession “tener”.
➢ I’ve got contraction of I have got.
➢ She’s got contraction of she has got.
2. To talk about our family ––– Examples:
➢ You have got three brothers. ––– You’ve got three brothers.
(Tú tienes tres hermanos.)
➢ He has got 2 sisters. ––– He’s got 2 sisters.

(Ella tiene 2 hermanas.)
Explanation
• In the four examples, we use have got or has got to talk about the
number of family members we have.
➢ You’ve got contraction of you have got.
➢ He’s got contraction of he has got.
25
3. To describe people ––– Examples:
➢ They have got green eyes. ––– They’ve got green eyes.
(Ellos tienen ojos verdes.)
➢ He has got black hair. ––– He’s got black hair.

(Él tiene cabello negro.)
Explanation
• In the four examples, we use have got or has got describe some
people.
➢ They’ve got contraction of they have got.
4. To indicate we do not feel well ––– Examples:
➢ I have got stomachache. ––– I’ve got stomachache.
(Yo tengo dolor estomacal.)
➢ He has got backache. ––– He’s got backache.

(Él tiene dolor de cabeza.)
Explanation
• In the four examples, we use have got or has to indicate we do not
feel well.
➢ I’ve got contraction of I have got.
Notes
26
Grammar: Have got and Has Got Structures
Instructions: Analyze the tables below.
Have Got
Regular Idiomatic form Regular Idiomatic Negative Form
form Negative
Form
I have. I have got. I’ve got. I don’t have. I have not I haven’t
(Yo tengo) (Yo tengo) (Yo tengo) (Yo no tengo) got got.
(Yo no tengo) (Yo no tengo)
You You have You’ve You don’t You have not You haven’t
have. got. got. have. got. got.
(Tú tienes) (Tú tienes) (Tú tienes) (Tú no tienes) (Tú no tienes) (Tú no tienes)
We We have We’ve We don’t We have not We haven’t
have. got. got. have. got. got.
(Nosotros (Nosotros (Nosotros (Nosotros no (Nosotros no (Nosotros no
tenemos) tenemos) tenemos) tenemos) tenemos) tenemos)
They They have They’ve They don’t They have They
have. got. got. have. not got. haven’t got.
(Ellos (Ellos tienen) (Ellos (Ellos no tienen) (Ellos no tienen) (Ellos no tienen)
tienen) tienen)
Has Got
Regular Idiomatic form Regular Idiomatic Negative Form
form Negative
Form
He has. He has He’s He doesn’t He has not He hasn’t
(Él tiene) got. got. have. got. got.
(Él tiene) (Él tiene) (Él no tiene) (Él no tiene) (Él no tiene)
She She has She’s She doesn’t She has not She hasn’t
has. got. got. have. got. got.
(Ella tiene) (Ella tiene) (Ella tiene) (Ella no tiene) (Ella no tiene) (Ella no tiene)
It has. It has got. It’s got. It doesn’t It has not It hasn’t got.
(Eso tiene) (Eso tiene) (Eso tiene) have. got. (Eso no tiene)
(Eso no tiene) (Eso no tiene)
27
Question Form
Question Word Have…Got Question Word Has…Got
Have I got…? Has she got…?
(¿Tengo yo…?) (¿Tiene ella…?)
Have you got…? Has he got…?
(¿Tienes tú…?) (¿Tiene él…?)
Have we got…? Has it got…?
(¿Tenemos nosotros…?) (¿Tiene eso…?)
Have they got…?
(¿Tienen ellos…?)
Grammar Activity: Have Got and Has Got
Instructions: Write complete questions with the correct form of Have
got. Then write your own answer.
Example:
Question: you / a car? = Have you got a car?
Affirmative Answers: Yes, I have got a car. – Yes, I’ve got a car.
Negative Answers: No, I have not got a car. – No, I haven’t got a car.
1. You / any brothers or sisters?

Question) ___________________________________________
Answer) ____________________________________________
2. You / a pet?
Question) ___________________________________________
Answer) ____________________________________________
3. Smith / black hair?
Question) ___________________________________________
Answer) ____________________________________________
4. You and your friends / a favorite place to go?
Question) ___________________________________________
Answer) ____________________________________________
5. Karla / a car?
Question) ___________________________________________
Answer) ____________________________________________
Notes
28
Vocabulary: Phrases to talk about your family
Instructions: Analyze and memorize the following phrases to talk about
your family. Answer the questions or complement the ideas with your
own personal information.
A. What’s your mother’s name?
My mother’s name is…
B. What’s your father’s name?
My father’s name is…
C. What are you parents’ names?
Their names are…
D. Do you have siblings?
Yes, I’ve got two sisters and one brother.
Yes, I have three brothers.
No, I don’t have.
E. What are you siblings’ names?
Their names are…
F. We live in…
G.I’m a single child.
H. My brother studies at…
I. Do you have any children?
Yes, I have…
No, I don’t have…
J.My mother works at…
K.My father is retired.
Notes
29
Collocations: Family Description
Instructions: Analyze the following sentences and select the correct
word to fill in each gap.
1. I’ve got a ____________ family – three brothers and three sisters.
a. Long b. high c. large
2. Our parents have got a lot of brothers and sisters so we’ve got a lot
of ____________ and aunts.
a. Sons b. brothers c. uncles
3. I ____________ a lot of time with my family.
a. Keep b. Spend c. Use
4. We always ____________ a great time together.
a. do b. make c. have
5. My ____________ cousin is Cecilia – she’s really kind and friendly.
a. best b. excellent c. favorite
6. On our birthdays we all ____________ to my grandparents’ house.
a. Go b. leave c. arrive
Notes
30
Speaking Strategy: Repeating Questions
Instructions: Look at these parts of conversations
A) Are you a doctor?
B) Yes, I am a doctor. How about you?
A) I’m a pilot.
1) Where are you from?
2) I’m from the United States. What about you?
1) I’m from Mexico.
• We use How about you and What about you to ask the same
question.
• In Spanish, How about you? What about you? indicate ¿y tú? O
¿Qué hay de ti?
Notes
31
Listening Activity: Interjections
Instructions: Listen to the following audio and repeat the expressions.
Then, using your cellphone, record yourself saying the phrases in
English.
1. ¡Exactamente! A.Exactly!
2.¡Bueno…! B.Oh well!
3.¡Ah, ok! C.I see!
4.¡Uy! D.Oops!
5.¡Qué cosa…! E.Oh man!
6.¡Oh, no! F.Oh no!
7.¡Bravo! G.Yipee!
8.¡Oh! (sorpresa) H.Wow!
9.¡Ay! (dolor) I.Ouch!
10.¡Buaj! (asco) J.Yuck!
11.¡Mierda! K.Crap!
12.¡Ssssh! (silencio) L.Shhh!
13.¡Salud! (Bebiendo) M.Cheers!
14.¡Salud! (Estornudar) N.Bless you!
15.¡Vale! / ¡OK! O.Okay!
Notes
32
Listening Activity: Royal Family
Instructions: By listening to the audio, select the correct options.
1. Who was the first Queen 2. The changing of the guard
lived in Buckingham takes place
Palace? A. Every morning
A. Victoria B. On Mondays
B. The Royal Family C. In the afternoons
C. The Horse Guards E. Every weekend
D. Buckingham
3. The Queen’s surname is 4. What’s Pall Mall?
A. Victoria. A. A house
B. Head of the State. B. A palace
C. Buckingham. C. A road
D. Windsor. D. It is not possible to know.
5. According to the audio 6. According to the audio
A. The Queen isn’t popular. A. Buckingham Palace is always
B. The Queen is popular. closed for the public.
C. The Queen is unpopular. B. Buckingham Palace is always
D. The Queen is infamous. open for the public.
C. The public can visit
Buckingham Palace every
day.
D. None of the previous ones.
33
Reading Activity: Royal Family
This is Buckingham Palace, home to the Royal Family for the last 170
years. These are the Queen’s Horse Guards. And that’s a statue of
Queen Victoria the first monarch to live here in 1837. These are the
Queen’s foot guards. They consist of soldiers from five different military
5 regiments and are responsible for protecting the Royal Palace.
You can watch the changing of the guard every day at 11am. The
guard’s uniform is famous all over the world, especially the big black
bearskin hat also called a busby hat. It’s 45.7cm tall, weighs nearly a
kilo and it’s made from real bear fur.
10 Here you can see members of the Royal Family coming out from
Buckingham Palace in horse-drawn carriages. First Camilla Duchess of
Cornwall and then the Queen’s youngest son Prince Edward, the Earl
of Wessex.
There are a lot of people here because it’s the Queen’s official
15 birthday. She actually has two birthdays, this one which is on the
second Saturday in June and her real birthday, which is on April 21st.
The Queen is Head of State but Britain’s a constitutional monarchy
so she must remain politically neutral and that’s why she doesn’t vote
or express opinions openly. She doesn’t need a passport or driving
20 license and doesn’t normally use her surname, Windsor. This is the
official Birthday Parade along Pall Mall the long straight road that leads
to Buckingham Palace.
The Queen is Head of the Armed Forces and she decides when
the country is at war or when the war is over, but in reality, it’s the
25 Government that takes these important decisions. The Queen’s also
Head of the Church and appoints bishops and archbishops but the
34
spiritual leader is the Archbishop of Canterbury. So, she reigns but she
doesn’t actually rule! Above all, the Queen represents national identity
and gives a sense of stability and continuity. And as you can see, she’s
30 still very popular with the public.
It’s a tradition for all the Royal Family to come out onto the balcony
and wave to the crowds during important ceremonies. At present there
are 21 official members of the Royal Family including the Queen’s four
children Charles, Anne, Andrew and Edward. You can visit Buckingham
35 Palace but only in the summer when the Queen’s on holiday! The
traditional flyover is by RAF planes in the Queen’s honour. The red
white and blue smoke represent the colours of the British flag.
Notes
35
Reading Comprehension Activity: Royal Family
questions.
1. According to the reading, 2. The guards’ uniform is
Queen Victoria was the first to A. strange around the world.
live B. well-known worldwide.
A. England C. unknown.
B. The Queen’s house D. unfamiliar worldwide.
C. In 1837
D. In Buckingham Palace
3. The Queen’s real birthday is on 4. The Queen goes on vacation in
A. June 2nd A. Summer
B. April 21st B. May
C. July 21st C. October
D. On Saturday D. June
Notes
36
Speaking Practice: Family
1. What are your family members’ names?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2. Do you have siblings? What are their names, ages, occupations?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3. Do you live with your parents? What can you tell us about them?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
4. Are you married or in a relationship? If so, tell us about your
couple.
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
5. Do you have any children? What are their names, ages,
occupations?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
6. What are some of your fondest memories of childhood?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
7. What is the best memory you have of your family doing something
together?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
8. From your point of view, is it necessary to get married to have a
good life?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
37
Unit 3: Transportation
Listening Activity: Transportation
1.El transporte público A. Public transportation
2.El autobús B. Bus
3.Tomo el autobús. C. I take the bus.
4.El metro D. Subway – Metro
5.Tomo el metro E. I take the subway.
6.El tranvía F. Tram
7.El tranvía va hasta la estación G. The tram goes to the main
central. train station.
8.La parada H.Stop
9.Tiene que subir aquí. I. You have to get in there.
10.Tiene que bajar aquí. J. You have to get out here.
11.Tiene que cambiar aquí. K. You have to switch here.
12.La bicicleta L. Bike
13.Voy en bicicleta M. I ride a bike.
14.El auto N. Car
15.Voy en auto. O. I drive a car.
16.El taxi P. Taxi
Vocabulary Activity: Transportation
Instructions: Organize the letters to form words about transportation.
The first letter is already given.
1.axtis T 2.sbca C
3.revird D 4.beski B
5.sesub B 6.nitra T
7.etickt T 8.tionssta S
Notes
38
Listening Activity: Asking for Help
1. Disculpa, ¿puedes ayudarme? A. Excuse me, can you help me?
2.Disculpe, ¿puede ayudarme? B. Excuse me, can you help me?
3.Tengo una pregunta C. I have a question.
4.Sí, por su puesto. D. Yes, of course.
5.Muchas gracias. E. Thank you very much.
6.¿Sabe dónde queda? F. Do you know where it is?
7.No, lo siento. G. Unfortunately, not.
8.No hablo alemán. H. I don’t speak German.
9.No lo entiendo. I. I don’t understand that.
10.¿Qué significa esto? J. What does that mean?
11.¿Cómo? K. I beg your pardon?
12.¿Puede repetirlo, por favor? L. Could you please repeat that?
13.¿Puede hablar más lento, por M. Could you please speak more
favor? slowly?
14.Disculpe, ¿habla inglés? N. Excuse me, do you speak

English?
15.Disculpe, ¿dónde está la O. Excuse me, where is the

información? information desk?
Notes
39
Grammar Activity: Adverbs of Manner
Instructions: Analyze the information about Adverbs of Manner.
1. Adverbs of manner are used to describe how we do something.
• Examples:
➢ He is a good driver. He drives well.
➢ They are good mechanics. They work perfectly.
Adverbs of Manner Spelling

Instructions: Analyze the following information about Adverbs of
Manner Spelling.
Information Examples
1. Most adverbs, add -ly to the • Quick – Quickly
adjective. • Slow – Slowly
• Beautiful – Beautifully
2. Adjectives ending in -ble, remove • Comfortable – Comfortably
the -e and add -ily.
3. Adjectives ending in -y, remove • Easy – Easily
the -y and add -ily.
4. Adjectives ending in -ic, add -ally • Magic – Magically
5. Irregular adverbs • Good – Well
• Fast – Fast
• Hard – Hard
• Late – Late
• Early – Early
Spelling Exercise: Adverbs of Manner
Instructions: Write the adverbs of these adjectives.
1.Slow 2.Good
3.Early 4.Bad
5.Careful 6.Wonderful
7.Comfortable 8.Terrible
9.Quiet 10.Easy
11.Fast 12.Quick
Notes
40
Listening Activity: Giving Directions
1.Disculpe, ¿cómo llego a la A. Excuse me, how do I get to the

estación central? main train station?
2.Disculpe, ¿sabe dónde queda B. Excuse me, do you know where
esta dirección? this address is?
3.Recto C. Straight ahead
4.Siga recto. D. Walk straight ahead.
5.A la derecha E. Right
6.Doble a la derecha. F. Turn right.
7.A la izquierda G. Left
8.La calle H. Street
9.Tome la siguiente calle a la I. Turn left at the next street.
izquierda.
10.En el semáforo J. At the stoplight
11.En el cruce K. At the intersection
12.100 metros L. 100 meters
13.500 metros M. 500 meters
14.A pie N. On foot – To walk
41
Vocabulary: Transportation Verbs
Instructions: Match the verbs (1-3) with their meanings (A-C).
Verbs Meanings
1. Change A. To begin a journey
2. Set off B. To leave a bus, train etc.
3. Get off C. To move from one bus or train to another
Vocabulary Activity: Transportation

Instructions: Complete the sentences with the verbs.
takes ––– get off ––– change ––– set off ––– sit down ––– live ––– walk
A. I live in the south part of the city.
B. It ________________ me about an hour to go to work.
C. In the morning, I ________________ quite early.
D. First, I ________________ to the bus stop.
E. I ________________ my bus at Main Square Station.
F. I ________________ at Louis.
G. The buses are always crowded so I can’t usually ________________.
42
Listening Activity: In the City
Instructions: Listen to the following audio and repeat the expressions.
Then, using your cellphone, record yourself saying the phrases in
English.
1.El centro A. City center
2.La plaza central / la plaza mayor B. Market square
3.El ayuntamiento C. City hall
4.La oficina de correos D. Post office
5.Disculpe, ¿dónde está la oficina E. Excuse me, where is the post

de correos? office?
6.La escuela F. School
7.El supermercado G. Supermarket
8.El supermercado está cerca. H. The supermarket is close-by.
9.El Cine I. Movie theater
10.El Banco J. Bank
11.Disculpe, ¿hay un banco cerca? K. Excuse me, is there a bank

around here?
12.El cajero automático L. ATM
13.La parada de autobús M. Bus stop
14.El baño público N. Public bathroom
43
Listening Activity: Transports
Instructions: Listen to the following audio and select the correct
answers.
1. Taxis are called 2. The underground is called

A. icon A. Travelcard
B. cabs B. Red double-decker
C. cabbie C. Tube
D. cab driver D. London
3. How many lines are there? 4. If you buy your tickets with an
A. 10 Oyster card, they are
B. 16 A. more expensive
C. 12 B. cheaper
D. 22 C. more luxurious
D. simpler
44
Reading Activity: Transportation
Instructions: Listen to the audio and follow the reading
Taxis in London are a popular icon. They’re called cabs, the driver is
called a ‘cabbie’ or a ‘cab driver’ and they are usually black. When you
see a cab put out your arm to stop the driver. Tell him or her where you
want to go and sit and relax. Remember to give the cabbie a small tip
5 when you pay, though.
Cycling around London is healthy but a bit dangerous. Traditional
red double-decker buses give you a good view of the city, but they can
be a bit slow in the morning or evening traffic. You pay the driver when
you get on or you can use you Day or Weekly Travelcard.
10 There’s always an underground or Tube station nearby in London
and it’s the quickest way to get around. The only problem is it’s always
full of people! Buy your ticket at the ticket office and then check there
are no problems with your line, they’re sometimes closed for works or
problems.
15 Finding your way around is easy with the Underground map. There
are 12 lines and each line has a different colour. The Circle Line is
yellow for example and the District Line green. The Tube in London’s
expensive if you don’t pay with an Oyster Card, for example children
under 16 pay just 1 pound all day. You have to insert your ticket into the
20 machine or touch the Oyster card on the pad. Make sure you get the
right ticket; it can be expensive if not.
The escalators save you walking up and down the stairs, in some
stations there are lifts but these get very crowded at busy times.
Remember to stand on the right as people walking down on the left are
25 probably in a hurry and will get annoyed if you don’t. As you can see
the platform curves but the trains are straight. This creates a space that
45
people could fall into so a recorded voice says ‘Mind the Gap’ over and
over. In case you forget, it’s also written on the platform. Be careful of
the closing doors! You can get a seat if you’re lucky but be prepared to
30 stand up in the morning and evening rush hours, the Tube is very
popular among Londoners.
Listen for the announcements on the train, they’ll tell you the name
of the next station and any connections available.
Notes
46
Reading Comprehension Exercises: Transportation
questions.
1. In line 2, the word “they” refers 2. According to the reading,
to what’s the fastest way to move
A. A taxi driver around London?
B. A cab driver A. Red double-decker buses
C. Taxis B. Bicycles
D. A cabbie C. The Underground
D. Taxis
3. According to the reading, 4. According to the reading, in
London’s Underground is rush hours the Tube is
usually: A. empty
A. accessible B. crowded
B. expensive C. unfilled
C. cheap D. unoccupied
D. economic
Notes
47
Speaking Practice: Transports
Instructions:
A. Organize the words to form questions about a journey to work.
B. Develop your thoughts on the following questions and be ready
for the speaking practice in class.
1. What’s – like? – your journey – to work
Question: _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Answer: ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2. How – work? – you – do – go to
Question: _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Answer: ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3. it – How long – take? – does
Question: _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Answer: ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
4. set off? – you – At what time – do
Question: _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Answer: ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
5. Do you use public transportation?
________________________________________________________
6. What transportation problems are there in your city?
________________________________________________________
7. What’s your opinion about the public transportation in your city?
________________________________________________________
8. What advantages and disadvantages can you see on using the
public transportation?
________________________________________________________
9. What advantages and disadvantages can you see on using your
private transport?
________________________________________________________
48
Unit 4: Free time
Listening Activity: Vocabulary Hobbies
1. La afición / El pasatiempo A. Hobby
2.¿Qué aficiones tienes? B. What are your hobbies?
3.Me gusta leer. C. I like reading.
4.Me gusta cocinar. D. I like cooking.
5.Me gusta escuchar música. E. I like listening to music.
6.Me gusta cantar. F. I like singing.
7.Me gusta ir al cine. G. I like going to the movies.
8.Me gusta ir al teatro. H. I like going to the theater.
9.Me gusta tomar fotos. I. I like taking pictures.
10.Me gusta pintar. J. I like painting.
11.Me gusta ir al museo. K. I like going to the museum.
12.Navego en Internet. L. I surf the internet.
13.Juego videojuegos. M. I play computer games.
14.Me encuentro con amigos. N. I hang out with friends.
15.Me gusta ir de compras. O. I like going shopping.
16.Prefiero escuchar música. P. I prefer listening to music.
Notes
49
Vocabulary Activity: Free Time
form free time activities. Sometimes you have to write two or more
words. The first letter of each word is already given.
1. go ot het krap G t t p
2. og ingppsho G s
3.keta tospho T p
4. wadr tupicres D p
5. llectco ngsthi C t
6. yapl eodvi gemas P v g
7. og tou thwi dsenfri G o w f
8. og ot msuemus G t m
9. tenlis ot sicmu L t m
10. go ot het esmovi G t t m
11. rfus het netretin S t i
12. yapl an mentrutsin P a i
13.ingnedrag G
14. aypl trpos P s
15. ingokco C
16. ecisexer E
17. og daningc G d
18. ingtchwa VT W t
19. painting P
20. adreing R
50
Vocabulary: Activities We Like and Dislike 1
Instructions: Complete the table with expressions we use to talk about
the free-time activities we like and dislike.
Be terrible at – Be good at – Don’t like – Prefer – Hate – Love – Like –
Dislike – Be brilliant at – Be interested in – Enjoy – Be bad at
Positive 😊 Negative ☹
1. A.
2. B.
3. C.
4. D.
5.
6.
7.
Grammar Point
Remember that verb to Be in present simple is conjugated
• [I am – I’m] [I am not – I’m not]
• [He is – He’s] [He is not – He isn’t]
• [She is – She’s] [She is not – She isn’t]
• [It is – It’s] [It is not – It isn’t]
• [You are – You’re] [You are not – You aren’t]
• [We are – We’re] [We are not – We aren’t]
• [They are – They’re] [They are not – They aren’t]
Observations
When we use some of the previous phrases, we can refer to person or
things we like.
Examples to talk about persons or things
1. She hates soccer.
2.He loves his girlfriend.
3.I like dogs.
4.They dislike cats.
5.We enjoy your company.
Notes
51
Observations
When we use some of the previous phrases, we can use verbs in -ing form,
i.e. running, watching, sleeping, etc., to indicate the actions that we are
good at or bad at. However, some phrases need a verb in infinitive form,
i.e. to run, to watch, to sleep, etc.
Verb in -ING Form Verb in Infinitive Form
1.I’m interested in learning English. A. They prefer to walk.
2.I am terrible at playing games. B. He likes to play music.
3.He is brilliant at painting. C. We don’t like to go to the forest.
4.She is bad at swimming. D. I hate to be away from home.
5.She is good at cooking. E. She loves to go out.
6.He enjoys listening to music. F. You dislike to go camping.
7.They hate waking up early.
8.They like watching movies.
9.You don’t like running.
10.I dislike wasting time.
11.We love reading.
12.I prefer running.
Notes
52
Critical Thinking Exercise
Instructions: Complete the following ideas with your own words.
1. I’m interested in
2.She is terrible at
3.You are good at
4.He doesn’t like
5.We prefer
6.They hate
7.My dog loves
8.I like
9.You dislike
10.They are brilliant at
11.I enjoy
12.He is bad at
Notes
53
Vocabulary: Activities We Like and Dislike 2
Instructions: Complete the following sentences with the expressions on
the rectangle that best fit you. You can complete the sentences with your
own ideas.
surfing the internet – trying new food – cooking – going to concerts
– reading books – dancing – playing video games – playing outside
1.I love but I don’t like
2.I prefer to
3.I enjoy but I hate
4.I’m interested in but I’m not interested in
5.I’m good at but I’m terrible at
Speaking Strategy: Agreeing vs. Disagreeing

Instructions: Analyze the following expressions to agree or disagree to
other people’s opinion and categorize them on their correct column.
I’m not sure about that. – I suppose. – I think so too. – You’re wrong. –
That’s true. – Yes, but don’t you think…? – You’re right.
Agreeing Disagreeing
1. A.
2. B.
3. C.
4.
Notes
54
Grammar: Go + Verb in Infinitive vs. Go + -Ing
Instructions: Analyze the following information of verb Go + verb in
infinitive form and Go + verb in -ing.
The verb go can be used with verb in infinitive form (i.e. to work, to study)
and with verbs in –ing (i.e. go bowling, go fishing). However, the ideas
they express are completely different.
Go + verb in infinitive Go + -Ing
The verb go + verb in infinitive The verb go + verbs in –ing express
form express a simple action. a hobby.
1. They go to work in the 1. They go fishing on
morning. weekends.
2. We go to study to the library. 2. We go dancing on Fridays.
Vocabulary Activity: Expressing a Hobby
Instructions: Analyze and memorize the following expression to talk
about a hobby using verb Go + Verb in -ING. Finally, tick the ones you
like doing.
Go bird watching Go boating Go bowling
(ir a pájaros) (ir en bote) (ir a jugar boliche)
Go scuba diving Go drinking Go fishing
(ir a bucear) (ir a tomar) (ir a pescar)
Go window shopping Go jogging Go hunting
(ir a ver a un centro comercial) (ir a trotar) (ir a cazar)
Go mountain climbing Go running Go sailing
(ir a escalar montañas) (ir a correr) (ir a remar)
Go hiking Go skating Go sledding
(ir a hacer senderismo) (ir a patinar) (ir en trineo)
Go playing cards Go surfing Go dancing
(ir a jugar cartas) (ir a surfear) (ir a bailar)
Go swimming Go camping Go strolling
(ir a nadar) (ir a acampar) (ir a pasear)
Go skydiving Go sightseeing Go shopping
(ir a hacer paracaidismo) (ir a turistear) (ir de compras)
Notes
55
Instructions: By analyzing the following examples, select if it is a regular
action or a hobby.
1. We go to work every day. 2. They go running in the mornings.
A. Regular action A. Regular action
B. Hobby B. Hobby
3. He will go to eat tomorrow. 4. John and Erika went camping last
A. Regular action week.
B. Hobby A. Regular action
B. Hobby
Vocabulary Activity: Opposites

Instructions: Match the opposites
Lively Dirty
Safe Expensive
Clean Stressful
Relaxing Boring
Quiet Ugly
Cheap Dangerous
Beautiful Crowded
56
Speaking Strategy: Suggesting What to Do
Instructions: Analyze the following speaking strategy to suggest.
• You can use the following expressions to suggest someone to do
something.
a. Why don’t we (verb in simple form + complement)?
b. How about (verb in -ing + complement)?
c. What about (verb in -ing + complement)?
d. Let’s (verb in simple form + complement).
Examples:
a. Why don’t we go to the movies? (¿Por qué nosotros no vamos al cine?)
b. How about going to the park? (¿Qué tal ir al parque?)
c. What about eating at the new restaurant? (¿Que tal comer en el nuevo
restaurante?)
d. Let’s grab a cup of coffee. (Tomemos una taza de café.)
Instructions: Complete the following ideas with your own words. Use a
question mark where necessary.
1. Why don’t we
2. Why don’t we
3. What about
4.
to the Statue of Liberty?
5. How about
6. Let’s
7.
The Metropolitan Art Museum
8. Let’s
9.
Central Park
10. Let’s
11. How about
57
Speaking Strategy: Responding to Suggestions
Instructions: Analyze the following information to respond to
suggestions.
You can use the following expressions to respond to suggestion.
1. That’s a good idea.
2. It’s up to you.
3. I’d rather not do that today.
4. That’s fine with me.
5. I don’t really want to do that.
6. That sounds great.
7. I don’t mind.
8. I’d rather do something else.
Instructions: Classify the previous expressions to respond on
suggestions on their corresponding categories.
Agreement Disagreement Your own choice
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8.
58
Grammar: I like vs. I’d like
Instructions: Analyze the following information of I like vs. I’d like.
Information
• We use I like to describe something we enjoy doing.
Examples:
➢ I like to watch movies. (Me gusta ver películas.)
➢ I like reading books. (Me gusta leer libros.)
• We use I’d like (I would like) to talk about something we want to do.
Examples:
➢ I would like to watch movies every day. (Me gustaría ver películas
todos los días.)
➢ I’d like to read books. (Me gustaría leer libros.)

Notes
59
Grammar: Do you like…? / Would you like…?
Instructions: Analyze the following information about Dou you like…?
Would you like…?
1. We use Do you like + -ing? or Do you like + to verb? To ask someone
about their likes and dislikes.
Patterns Examples
1. I like + verb ing. A. I like watching movies at home.
(A mí me gusta ver películas en casa.)
2. I love + verb ing. B. I love spending time with my family.
(Yo amo pasar tiempo con mi familia.)
3. I hate + verb ing. C. I hate waking up early on Sundays.
(Yo odio despertarme temprano los domingos.)
4. I enjoy + verb ing. D. I enjoy playing the drums.
(Yo disfruto tocar la batería.)
5. I prefer + verb ing + to + E. I prefer eating at home to eating
verb ing. outside.
(Yo prefiero comer en casa que comer afuera.)
6. I am + good at + verb ing. F. I’m good at dancing.
(Yo soy bueno bailando.)
7. I am + bad at + verb ing. G. I’m bad at running.
(Yo soy malo corriendo.)
8. I am + brilliant at + verb ing. H. I’m brilliant at cooking.
(Yo soy brillante cocinando.)
9. I am + terrible at + verb ing. I. I’m terrible at painting.
(Yo soy terrible pintando.)
10. I am + interested in + verb J. I’m interested in learning English.
ing. (Yo estoy interesado en aprender inglés.)
Observation
• We as Spanish speakers usually get confused with the -ing endings.
We often think that the verbs in ing indicate the Spanish ideas of ando
o iendo but that is not always the case.
• The Spanish ideas ando or iendo are only in continuous tenses, i.e. I
am playing. I was playing, etc.
• However, when we express likes and dislikes as in the examples above,
the verb in -ing indicate infinitive ideas which means that we only name
the action.
Notes
60
2. We use Would you like + to do? To invite someone to do something.
3. We can answer this invitation with
➢ Yes, please! / I’d love to.
➢ No, thanks! I’m afraid I’m busy.
Question Examples Answer Examples
1. Would you like to eat with us? A. Yes, please. I’d love to.
2. Would you like to run tomorrow? B. No, thanks! I’m afraid I’m
busy.
Speaking Strategy: Saying Yes or No
Instructions: Complete the table with more expressions we use to say
“yes” or “no” to invitations.
I’m afraid not. ––– Sure! ––– Yes, please! ––– No, thanks! –––
I’d love to. ––– I’m sorry, I can’t. ––– Good idea.
Saying Yes Saying No
1. A.
2. B.
3. C.
4.

Instructions: Underline the correct words in bold to complete the
conversations.
1. A. Would – Do you like sleeping in a tent?
B. No, I don’t enjoy to go – going camping
2. A. There’s a new comedy film at the cinema. Would – Do you like to
come?
B. Yes, please. I love – hate going to the cinema.
3. A. Would – Do you like running?
B. No, I’m terrible at run – running. I prefer riding my bike.
4. A. Would – Does your brother like cooking?
B. Yes, he does. He’s brilliant at make – making steaks.
5. A. Would – Do you and your friends like to watch a film tonight?
B. I’m afraid we can’t. We have to work today.
6. A. Would – Do you like playing football?
B. I’m very interested in play – playing ball sports.
61
Instructions: Complete the conversations with Do you like or Would you
like and the correct form of the verb in parentheses.
1. A. Would you like to come (come) with us to the movie theater

tomorrow?
B. I would love to. At what time?
2. A. _______________________________________________ (read)
books?
B. Not really. I prefer reading magazines.
3. A. I’m going to the game tonight. ____________________________
_______________________________________________ (come)?
B. I’d love to.
4. A. I really enjoy sleeping under the stars.
B. _______________________________ (go) camping with me next
week?
5. A. What do you do in your free time? _________________________
___________________________________________ (play) sports?
B. No, I don’t. I like watching them.
6. A. I’m often bored on Sunday afternoon. I never know what to do.
B. _______________________________________ (watch) a film at
my house this Sunday?
62
Listening Activity: Free Time 1
Instructions: Listen to the audio and select the correct answer.
1. The lady usually spends her 2. The lady and her friends are
free time with going to go
a. her friends from work. a. camping to the forest.
b. her friends from school. b. camping to the seaside.
c. her friends from the camp. c. camping two weekends.
3. When one speaker doesn’t 4. We can infer that the man
work on weekend. a. has a lot of free time.
a. She visits her parents in b. is always buys.
London. c. works in the evenings.
b. She visits her parents.
c. She doesn’t go to London.
Listening Activity: Free Time 2
Instructions: By listening to audio, number the activities in order.
63
Reading Activity: Free Time
And what do you do in your free time? Free time? I am normally with
the girls I work with. We’re actually going camping soon, so we’re taking
the weekend off and going camping, which will be really good down by
the seaside. So, what do you do over the weekend? At weekend, I work,
5 unfortunately, but it’s a good job. If I’m not working, I tend to go home
and visit my parents or sort of come into London because there’s
always something to do.
So, how much free time do you have? Every evening in the week
and every weekend. So, what do you do in the evenings? Do you cook?
10 I cook. I watch films. I read books, and I meet friends.
I love cooking. I love Thai food, I like to play around with the Thai
herbs like lemongrass and the kaffir lime leaves. That’s probably most
enjoyable cuisine type.
So, do you play any sports? Yeah, I play basketball on a
15 recreational basis and as well as that I also started playing American
football in the summer. It’s been quite fun learning a new sport. And as
well as a bit of rugby as well.
So how often do you practice? Well, tennis I get an opportunity
maybe twice a week for about 3 hours. Basketball is on a basis where
20 on a Friday afternoon we kind of have a training session every week
and then there are games and matches and so on.
My main sport is kickboxing and the…I do that mainly outside
college. And then in Cambridge I do rowing and I play football and I go
running. How often do you practice kickboxing? When I’m at home, five
25 or six times a week.
64
What do you like to do when you’re not studying? I like to listen to
music, I like to read I’ve been trying to read quite a few books over the
summer, so…just trying…just do non-Chemistry related things.
Reading Comprehension Activity: Free Time Activities
questions.
1. In line 5, when the person says but 2. In line 8, we can infer that
it’s a good job, we can infer that A. The person is busy in the evening.
A. The person likes her job. B. The person is occupied
B. The person doesn’t like her job. C. The person has spare time.
C. The person dislikes her job. D. The person always has plans.
D. The person wants another job.
3. In lines 14 and 15, when the person 4. In line 22, when the person says
says I play basketball on a my main sport is kickboxing, she
recreation basis, we can infer that: indicates that
A. The person is a pro. A. Kickboxing is not important.
B. The person gets paid. B. Kickboxing is her central sport.
C. The person is an expert. C. Kickboxing is easy.
D. The person is a rookie. D. Kickboxing is a hard sport.
65
Speaking Practice: Hobbies
Instructions:
A. Organize the words to make coherent questions.
B. Once you finished, compare your questions with the ones on the
following page.
C. Develop your thoughts on the questions, and be ready to in class.
1.Words: spare time? – What do – to do in – you like
Question: ____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Answer: _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2.Words: you like to do– on weekends? – What do
Question: ____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Answer: _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
3.Words: have? – do you – What hobbies
Question: ____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Answer: _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
4.Words: For how long – your hobby? – have you had
Question: ____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Answer: _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
5.Words: What do – in your free time? – having to do – you really hate
Question: ____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Answer: _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
6.Words: What new activity – in your free time? – to try doing – would you
like
Question: ____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Answer: _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
66
7.Words: are the most popular – From your perspective, - with teenagers and
adults? – what hobbies
Question: ____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Answer: _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
8.Words: change as – Do people’s leisure – they get older? – time activities
Question: ____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Answer: _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Speaking Practice: Questions

Instructions: Compare your questions with the ones in here.
1. What do you like to do in your spare time?

2. What do you like to do on weekends?
3. What hobbies do you have?
4. For how long have you had your hobby?
5. What do you really hate having to do in your free time?
6. What new activity would you like to try doing in your free time?
7. From your perspective, what hobbies are the most popular with
teenagers and adults?
8. Do people’s leisure time activities change as they get older?
Notes
67
Unit 5: Movies
Vocabulary Activity: Movies
form words about movies. Sometimes you have to write two words. The
first letter of each word is already given.
1. onitac A 2. reutadven A
3. ocydme C 4. marad D
5. ricme C 6. nafatsy F
7. onitfic F 8. ororrh H
9. symryte M 10. cescien tionfic S f
11. cenamro R 12. llerthri T
Speaking Strategy: Talking about films
Instructions: Analyze the following expressions and learn them by heart.
What you can say What you might hear
I’ve always loved/hated comedy What kind of (scary) movies do you
movies. prefer?
The most exciting movie I’ve ever What’s your favorite movie?
seen was…
I think stories about…are very What do you think about scary
interesting. movies?
My favorite films are Have you ever seen (Avengers)?
I really love/hate What’s the scariest film you have
ever seen?
I think it’s a terrific* movie. Have you ever cried in a movie?
Have you ever seen a film in a
*Terrific is a synonym of great.
language that is neither Spanish nor
English?
68
Useful Language: Asking about Prices
Instructions: Analyze the following expressions to ask for prices.
A.How much is it? ( B.How much are they?
¿Cuánto cuesta?) (¿Cuánto cuestan?)
C.How much does it cost? D.How much do they cost?

(¿Cuánto cuesta?) (¿Cuánto cuestan?)
E.What’s the price of the sodas? F.What’s the price of the laptop?
(¿Cuál es el precio de las refrescos?) (¿Cuál es el precio de la laptop?)
Useful Language: Talking About Prices

Instructions: Analyze the following expressions to talk about prices.
A.It’s (only) $10. B.They’re (only) $5 (each).
C.No, it isn’t expensive. It’s only $10 D.It’s (quite) expensive.
Instructions: Look at the prices and complete the questions with one
word.
1. How much are the snacks? A. All snacks $25
2. ________ the video game B. Video Game: on $300
expensive?
3. How much ________ a child’s C. Adults $100 – Under-16s $50
ticket?
4. How much ________ the D. Horror book $350
horror book cost?
5. What ________ the price of E. Drum lessons $ 500 a month.
the drum lessons?
Instructions: Read the questions and write complete answers.
1. How much is the book? It’s $550.
2. How much are the jeans? _______ ___ only $400.
3. How much do the lessons cost? _______ ___ $250 for five lessons.
4. Is the cinema expensive? _______ ___ only $30.
5. How much are the notebooks? _______ ___ $25 each.
6. How much is a family ticket? _______ ___ $200 for family.
69
Listening Activity: Days
Instructions: Listen and repeat. Then, using your cellphone, record
yourself saying the phrases in English.
1.El día A. Day
2.El lunes B. Monday
3.En lunes C.On Monday
4.El martes D.Tuesday
5.El miércoles E.Wednesday
6.El jueves F.Thursday
7.El Viernes G. Friday
8.El sábado H. Saturday
9.El domingo I. Sunday
10.la semana J. Week
11.Esta semana K. This week
12.La próxima semana L. Next week
13.El fin de semana M. Weekend
14.El fin de semana N. On the weekend
15.Hoy O. Today
16.Ayer P. Yesterday
17.Antier Q. The day before yesterday
18.Mañana R. Tomorrow
19.Pasado mañana S. The day after tomorrow
Observations
1. In English, we use the preposition “On” to indicate a day.
•Example:
➢On Monday (En lunes o El lunes)
2. In English, to indicate “mañana” part of the day, we say “in the
morning”.
•Example:
➢I run in the morning. (Yo corro en la mañana.)
3. In English, to indicate “mañana” the next day, we say “tomorrow”.
•Example:
➢Today is Friday and tomorrow is Saturday. (Hoy es viernes y mañana es
sábado.)
Notes
70
Days
Instructions: Analyze the information about Days.
Extra Information:
In English, the correct way to write the days (días) is with Capital letter at
the beginning.
• Correct Example: Today is Monday.
• Incorrect Example: Today is monday.
Critical Thinking Exercise: Days 1
Instructions: Organize the days in their correct order. The first one is
already is given.
A. Monday 1. Monday
B. Saturday 2.
C. Thursday 3.
D. Tuesday 4.
E. Sunday 5.
F. Wednesday 6.
G. Friday 7.
71
Vocabulary Activity: Days
Instructions: Answer the questions with the days of the week.
1. What’s your favorite day of the week?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2. When is your English class?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3. When do you do the groceries?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
4. When are your days off from work or school?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
5. What day is tomorrow?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
6. What day was yesterday?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
7. What day were you born?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
8. What day is the day after tomorrow?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
9. What day was the day before yesterday?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
10. What day is your birthday this year?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
11. What day is your best friend’s birthday this year?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Notes
72
Listening Activity: Months of the Year
Instructions: Listen and repeat. Then, using your cellphone, record
yourself saying the phrases in English.
1. El año A. Year
2. El mes B. Month
3. Enero C. January
4. Estamos en enero. D. It’s January
5. En enero E. In January
6. Febrero F. February
7. Marzo G. March
8. Abril H. April
9. Mayo I. May
10. Junio J. June
11. Julio K. July
12. Agosto L. August
13. Septiembre M. September
14. Octubre N. October
15. Noviembre O. November
16. Diciembre P. December
17. La primavera Q. Spring
18. El Verano R. Summer
19. El otoño S. Autumn
20. El invierno T. Winter
Observations
1. To talk about months, we use preposition “In”.
•Example:
➢We are in July. (Estamos en julio.)
2. To indicate a specific month, we use “It is or It’s”.
•Example:
➢It is December. (Es diciembre.)
➢It’s December. (Es diciembre.)
3. To talk about seasons, we use preposition “In”.
•Example:
➢We are in Summer. (Estamos en verano.)
4. To talk about years, we use preposition “In”.
•Example:
➢We are in 2022. (Estamos en el 2022)
5. To talk about specific dates, we use preposition “On”.
•Example:
➢We are on July 28th. (Estamos a 28 de julio.)
73
Vocabulary Activity: Dates
Instructions: Read the information about dates.
There are three forms to write dates:
1. Short Format: Month date, year (July 18th, 2018)
2. Long Format: Day, month date, year (Wednesday, July 18th, 2018)
3. Numerical Format: Month / date / year (7 / 18 / 18)
Vocabulary Activity: Months
Instructions: Analyze the following information about months.
Extra Information:
In English, the correct way to write the months is with Capital letter at the
beginning.
• Correct Example: We are in July.
• Incorrect Example: We are in july.
Critical Thinking Exercise: Months 1
Instructions: Organize the months in their correct order. The first month
is already organized.
A. January 1. January
B. March 2.
C. December 3.
D. November 4.
E. October 5.
F. September 6.
G. April 7.
H. February 8.
I. July 9.
J. May 10.
K. June 11.
L. August 12.
74
Vocabulary Activity: Months
Instructions: Answer the questions using the months of the year.
1. What’s your favorite month of the year?

________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2. When is your birthday?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3. What month are you in?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
4. When are you on vacations from work or school?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
5. What month is summer?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
6. What month is autumn?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
7. What month is winter?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
8. What month is spring?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Notes
75
Useful Language: Asking about Days, Dates & Times
Instructions: Analyze the following expressions to ask for Days, Dates
& Times.
1. When is it? (¿Cuándo es?)
2. What time is it? (¿A qué hora es?)
3. What time does it close? (¿A qué hora cierra?)
4. What time does it finish? (¿A qué hora termina?)
5. Does it open on weekends? (¿Abre lo fines de semana?)
6. What’s the date of the match? (¿Cuál es la fecha del partido?)
7. What time does it open? (¿A qué hora abre?)
8. What time does it start? (¿A qué hora empieza?)
9. Is it open every day? (¿Está abierto todos los días?)
10. Is it open 24 hours? (¿Está abierto las 24 horas?)
76
Speaking Strategy: Talking about Days, Dates & Times
Instructions: Analyze the following expressions to talk about days,
dates & times.
On At In No
• It’s on • It opens at 7 a. m. • It reopens • It opens every
Monday. in May. day except
Monday.
• It’s on 9th • It’s at five o’clock. • It was • It opens every
August. closed in day.
2019
• It opens in • It is opened 24
the hours.
morning.
• It closed in
the
afternoon.
• It is on • It starts at 8 a.m.
Mondays,
Wednesdays
and Fridays.
• It’s closed on • It finishes at 8 p.m.
Sunday.
• It starts at 10 a.m.
and it finishes at 12
p.m.
• It closes at 10 p.m.
• It opens at 9 a.m.
and it closes at 9
p.m.
Grammar Explanation: Subject Pronoun It
➢ In all the examples, the ideas start with “it” because “it” substitutes
the place we are talking about.
o Example:
When does the sport store open?
It opens on Monday.
“It” substitutes the sport store.
Notes
77
Grammar Explanation On, At, In and No preposition
On At In No preposition
• On is used with • At is used with • In is used • No preposition is used
days and dates. specific times, with months with the words
with noon and and years. ➢ every day
midnight. ➢ daily
➢ 24 hours
Grammatical Activity: Prepositions of Time
Instructions: Complete the email with in, at, on or (no preposition).
Hi Casandra, I had a great time (1) ___________ weekend. (2) ___________
Saturday, I woke up early (3) ___________8 o’clock. (4) ___________ the
morning, my brother and I went to the park.
Grammatical Activity: Prepositions of Time
Instructions: Analyze the following sentences, and circle the correct
preposition of time
Example: The games are ___________ Monday.
a) In b) At c) on
1. We work every day ___________.
a) In b) no preposition c) at
2. They will travel ___________ December.
a) In b) On c) at
3. The premier is ___________ 8:30 p.m.
a) In b) On c) at
4. The kids’ match is ___________ Sunday.
a) In b) On c) at
5. ___________ March, we will move to another house.
a) In b) On c) at
6. She will go to Milan ___________ Friday.
a) In b) On c) at
7. We are going to visit you ___________ tomorrow.
a) In b) no preposition c) at
8. We are ___________ January.
b) In c) On d) at
9. They will come ___________ summer.
a) In b) On c) at
10. We have to leave ___________ noon.
a) In b) On c) at
78
Critical Thinking Exercise: Dates
Instructions: Use the words (1-6) to write complete questions about
the…and answer them base on the information.
1. When – open?
Q. When does it open? New Swimming Academy
A. It opens on Monday 1st July.
Grand Opening Monday 1st July
2. Time?
Q. _______________________ at 6 p.m.
A. _______________________
Lessons start Tuesday 2nd July
3. When – first class?
Q. _______________________ Choose one-hour class from 8
A. _______________________
a.m to 1 p.m. and from 4 p.m. to
4. Every day?
Q. _______________________ 9 p.m.
A. _______________________
Closed Sundays.
5. Date – competition?
Q. _______________________ First competition Saturday
A. _______________________
1st August 10 a.m.
6. What time – lessons?
Q. _______________________
A.________________________
Critical Thinking Exercise: Dates 2

Instructions: Write complete answers using the words in brackets.
1. What time does the film start? (6.30 pm)
A. It’s at 6.30 pm.
2. Is the museum open every day? (Monday – Saturday)
A.
3. What time does the library close? (Opening hours 8 a.m. – 9 p.m.)
A.
4. When are your English lessons? (Mondays and Thursdays)
A.
5. What’s the date of the match? (The football match 25Th November)
A.
79
Speaking Strategy: Talking about Movies
We can use some adjectives ending in –ing to describe movies.
Examples: interest – interesting, bore – boring.
Instructions: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word
in brackets.
1. I think action movies are very ____________________. (Excite)
2. I think watching movies is ____________________. (Relax)
3. Watching movies at the cinema is more ____________________
(Entertain) than watching them at home.
4. The new movie was a bit ____________________ (Disappoint).
Listening Activity: Movies

Instructions: Listen to the audio and complete the information.
Discounted tickets can cost more than (a)___________________.
There are (b)___________________ big cinemas in Leicester Square
including (c)___________________ IMAX.
The (d)___________________is a comedy based on a Hitchcock film. The
Mousetrap has been on for nearly (e)___________________. The matinée
is at (f)___________________ in the afternoon.
Priscilla is a (g)___________________ set in (h)___________________.
80
Reading Activity: Movies
This lovely park is near Leicester Square, the heart of London’s West
End. This is the entertainment centre of London and it’s also where you
can buy tickets for London’s theatres. They often sell discounted tickets.
These are usually high price tickets that people return on the day of the
5 show because they can’t go and see it so you may still pay more than
40 pounds for a good seat.
There are five big cinemas in Leicester Square including two IMAX
cinemas showing films in 3D. It’s a good place to see the premiere of
big films, the actors often come for the first screening and there are
10 always plenty of fans outside.
The ‘39 Steps’ is a comedy based on a Hitchcock film. There are
more than 40 theatres in one square kilometer in London’s West End,
so the main problem is choosing the right show, but don’t worry you’ll
get lots of offers.
15 Agatha Christie’s ‘The Mousetrap’ has been running for nearly
sixty years, not with the same actors, of course. Cinemas and theatres
are cheaper if you go to the matinée at 3 or 4 in the afternoon. The
Royal Haymarket is nearly 300 years old, it’s London’s oldest theatre.
Musicals are very popular at the moment ‘We will Rock You’ is a
20 successful show about the group Queen and Freddy Mercury. ‘Priscilla’
is a very popular musical set in Australia.
Reading Comprehension Activity: Movies

questions.
1. Discounted tickets are 2. In line 8, “it” refers to
A. more expensive than usual. A. Cinemas
B. cheaper than usual. B. IMAX cinemas
C. more exclusive usual. C. Films in 3D.
D. fancier than usual. D. Leicester Square
3. The Mousetrap is an/a 4. According to the reading,

A. old play. Musicals are
B. contemporary movie. A. very boring.
C. a new play. B. well accepted.
D. a modern movie. C. infamous.
D. tedious.
81
Speaking Strategy: Talking About Your Favorite Film
Instructions: Think of some facts, opinions and feelings about your
favorite film. Then tell to the group about it.
Example:
Name Facts Opinions Feelings
Pets It’s about the I think it’s very It makes me
secret life of funny and laugh.
pets. interesting.
Name Facts Opinions Feelings
Speaking Strategy: Recommending Films

Information:
It is very common to give recommendations about films we personally like
or dislike and we think people should or shouldn’t watch.
There are three useful expressions:
1. You should watch…
2. I think you would enjoy (the movie) because…
3. You should never watch (the movie) because…
82
Speaking Activity: Movies 1
Instructions: In the table, write the name of three films you enjoyed. In
class, ask three classmates about theirs.
Example: What’s your favorite action movie? I really like Rambo.
Type of Film Name Name Name Name
Action
Romantic
Comedy Laugh
Speaking Activity: Movies 2

1. Do you like to watch movies?
________________________________________________________
2. What is your favorite genre of movie?
________________________________________________________
3. What movie can you recommend to laugh?
________________________________________________________
4. What is your favorite film? Why do you like it?
________________________________________________________
5. Do you prefer watching films on TV or at the cinema?
________________________________________________________
6. What’s the best soundtrack you remember from a movie?
________________________________________________________
7. From your point of view, what is the best snack to eat during a
movie?
________________________________________________________
8. What’s the most romantic movie you have ever seen?
________________________________________________________
9. Do you have a favorite actor or actress?
________________________________________________________
83
Unit 6: Food
Listening Activity: Buying Fruit
1.La fruta A. Fruit
2.Querría comprar fruta. B. I would like to buy some fruit.
3.La manzana C. Apple
4.Querría un kilo de manzanas, D. I would like a kilo of apples,
por favor. please.
5.El plátano – La banana E. Banana
6.Un kilo de plátanos, por favor. F. A kilo of bananas, please.
7.Naranja G. Orange
8.Cinco naranjas, por favor, H. Five oranges, please.
9.La cereza I. Cherry
10.La ciruela J. Plum
11.La fresa – La frutilla K. Strawberry
12.La uva L. Grape
13.La frambuesa M. Raspberry
14.El limón amarilllo N. Lemon
15.El jugo O. Juice
16.La ensalada de frutas P. Fruit salad
Notes
84
Listening Activity: Vocabulary Vegetables
Instructions: Listen to the audio and repeat the words.
1.La verdure A.Vegetable / Vegetables
2.El pepino B.Cucumber
3.Querría comprar dos pepinos. C.I would like to buy two cucumbers.
4.El Tomate D.Tomato
5.La cebolla E.Onion
6.Un kilo de cebollas, por favor. A. One kilo of onions, please.
7.El pimiento B. Pepper
8.La Zanahoria C. Carrot
9.La col D. Cabbage
10.El brócoli E. Broccoli
11.La lechuga F. Lettuce / Salad
12.La espinaca G. Spinach
13.El rábano H. Radish
14.Querría un manojo de rábanos, I. I would like a bunch of radishes,
por favor. please.
15.La berenjena J. Eggplant
16.La patata / la papa K. Potato
Notes
85
Vocabulary: Food 1
words about food. The first letter of each word is already given.
1.gerhambur H 2.lesdnoo N
3.seeche C 4.sfih F
5.nhicke C 6.wichdasn S
7.cuebebar B 8.dreba B
9.Ittehgspa S 10.gseg E
11.shius B 12.kace C
13.cypis S 14.lentsucuc S
15.tertib B 16.Teswe S
Useful Language: Ordering Food

Instructions: Analyze the expressions to order food and learn them by
heart. Finally, using your cellphone record yourself saying these
expressions.
1. Could I have a menu, please? 2. Are you ready to order?
(¿Podría darme un menú, por favor?) (¿Está listo para ordenar?)
3. Can I have a cup of coffee, 4. Would you like something to
please? drink?
(¿Puede darme una taza de café?) (¿Le gustaría algo de tomar?)
5. I’ll have the house special, 6. How would you like your
please. steak?
(Quiero el especial de la casa, por (¿Cómo le gustaría su corte?)
favor. )
7. Could I have the bill, please? 8. Is everything ok with your
(¿Podría darme la cuenta, por favor?) meal?
(¿Está todo bien con su comida?)
9. What’s the house special? 10. What would you like for
(¿Cuál es el especial de la casa?) starter?
(¿Qué le gustaría de entrada?)
11. Where’s the toilet, please? 12. What would you like to
(¿Dónde está el baño, por favor?) order?
(¿Qué le gustaría ordenar?)
13. What do you recommend? 14. Is service included?
(¿Qué recomienda?) (¿Está el servicio incluido?)
86
Listening Activity: Buying groceries
1.El pan A.Bread
2.Un pan, por favor. B.I would like a loaf of bread.
3.El queso C.Cheese
4.Querría comprar queso. D.I would like to buy some cheese.
5.El arroz E.Rice
6.¿Tiene arroz? F.Do you have rice?
7.Los fideos G.Pasta
8.¿Dónde están los fideos? H.Where do I find the pasta?
9.El yogur I.Yoghurt
10.El huevo J.Egg
11.Querría seis huevos, por K.I would like six eggs, please.
favor.
12.La mantequilla L.Butter
13.El embutido M.Cold meat – Sausage
14.Querría 100 gramos de N.I would like 100 grams of cold
embutido. meat.
15.La carne O.Meat
16.Querría medio kilo de carne. P.I would like half a kilo of meat.
17.La carne de vaca Q.Beef
18.La carne de cerdo R.Pork
19.El pollo S.Chicken
20.El pescado T.Fish
Notes
87
Cultural Point
Instructions: Analyze the following cultural point.
In English, when we order something to eat or drink, it is very common to
use verb to Have. In this situation verb to Have indicates the Spanish idea
of “querer” in a sentence and “me puede dar” in a question. Usually, we
use I’ll have to order food.
English Spanish
I’ll have a hamburger. Yo quiero una hamburguesa.
Can I have an orange juice? ¿Me puede dar un jugo de naranja?
Did you know…? British English and American English are sometimes
different.
American British English Spanish
English
Appetizer Starter Entrada
Entrée Main course Plato fuerte – Plato principal
Check Bill Cuenta
Vocabulary: Words Describing Food
Instructions: Look at these words and expressions you can use to
describe food. Write each one in the correct column.
All right – Awful – Delicious – Excellent – Not very good – OK –
Really tasty
88
Listening Activity: Setting the Table
Instructions: Listen to the following audio and repeat the table.
1.¿Puedes poner la mesa? A.Can you set the table?
2.El mantel B.Tablecloth
3.El plato C.Plate
4.Pongo el plato en la mesa. D.I’m putting the plate on the

table.
5.El plato sopero E.Soup bowl
6.La vajilla F.Dishes
7.Los cubiertos G.Cutlery
8.El cuchillo H.Knife
9.El tenedor I.Fork
10.Pongo el tenedor al lado del J.I’m putting the fork next to the
cuchillo. knife.
11.La cuchara K.Spoon
12.La tasa L.Cup
13.El vaso M.Glass
14.La servilleta N.Napkin
15.Recojo la mesa. O.I’ll clear the table.
89
Vocabulary: Food 2
Instructions: Match the words (1–4) with their definitions (A–D).
Words Definitions
1. Frozen A. Uncooked
2. Raw B. Cooked in hot water
3. Fried C. Very cold
4. Boiled D. Cooked in oil
Vocabulary: Food 3
Instructions: Put the food under the correct column.
Beef – Salmon – Cabbage – Orange – Strawberry – Lettuce – Tuna – Pork
– Cod – Turkey – Carrot – Pineapple – Lamb – Shrimp – Onion – Grapes
Meat Fish Vegetable Fruit
Cultural Point: More about Meals

Instructions: Analyze the following information about meals.
1. Breakfast is the first meal of the day.
2. Lunch is the meal eaten in the middle of the day, but it can also be
called dinner in British English.
3. Dinner is a main meal eaten in the evening, especially if it is a formal
meal.
4. Supper is also an evening meal, but more informal than dinner.
5. Tea is a light meal in the afternoon with sandwiches, cakes, etc., and
a cup of tea.
6. Brunch is a combination of breakfast and lunch, especially as a meal
where your guests serve themselves.
Notes
90
Speaking Strategy: Making suggestions
Instructions: Analyze the following information to make suggestions.
Information: To make suggestions about eating out, you can use the
following expressions.
So, shall we go out? What about having Thai food?
(Entonces, ¿salimos?) (¿Qué tal si comemos comida tailandesa?)
We could try that for a change. I’ve got an idea.
(Podríamos pobrar eso para cambiar.) (Tengo una idea.)
Let’s try that then.
(Probemos eso entonces)
Observations
1. The expressions “So, shall we…” “We could…” “Let’s try…” need
a verb in simple form, i.e. go, eat, drink, etc.
2. The expression, “What about…” needs a verb in -ing form, i.e.
going, eating, drinking.

Instructions: Using the words below, make a suggestion about having
breakfast, lunch, dinner, supper or brunch.
a.So,– Italian restaurant – Shall we go to an Italian restaurant for
go – shall dinner?
b.spaghetti – Let’s – have
c.Greek restaurant – could

– try
d.ceviche – shall – eat –So,
e.Tacos – could – have
f.Brazilian restaurant –
What about – go to
g.a hamburger – grab –
What about
Notes
91
Listening Activity: Vocabulary Meals
1.La comida A. Food / Meal
2.La comida está lista. B. Dinner is ready!
3.Tengo hambre. C. I’m hungry.
4.¡Buen provecho! D. Enjoy your meal!
5.El desayuno E. Breakfast
6.Desayunamos a las 8:00 a.m. F. We have breakfast at 8:00 a.m.
7.El amuerzo G. Lunch
8.Almorzamos a las 12. H. Lunch is at 12 o’clock.
9.La cena I. Dinner / Supper
10.Cenamos a las 8:00 p.m. J. We have dinner at 8:00 p.m.
11.El postre K. Dessert
12.¿Qué hay de postre? L. What’s for dessert?
13.Estoy satisfecho (a). M. I’m full.
Notes
92
Listening Activity: Vocabulary Drinks
1.¿Qué quieres beber? A.What would you like to drink?
2.¿Qué quiere beber usted? B.What would you like to drink?
3.El té C.Tea
4.¿Tomas té? D.Do you drink tea?
5.¿Toma té? E.Do you drink tea?
6.Me gusta tomar té. F.I like tea.
7.El café G.Coffee
8.¡Un café, por favor! H.A coffee, please.
9.El agua I.Water
10.l agua sin gas J.Still water
11.El agua con gas K.Sparkling water
12.El jugo de manzana con agua L.Apple juice spritzer

con gas
13.¡Una Coca, por favor! M.A coke, please.
14.La cerveza N.Beer
15.El vino O.Wine
Notes
93
Listening Activity: Vocabulary What I Eat
1.¿Qué te gusta comer? A.What do you like to eat?
2.Me gusta comer arroz. B.I like to eat rice.
3.La comida preferida C.Favorite food
4.Mi comida preferida es la pizza. D.My favorite food is pizza.
5.Soy vegetariano(a). E.I’m a vegetarian.
6.¿Comes carne? F.Do you eat meat?
7.No como carne de cerdo. G.I don’t eat pork.
8.¿Bebes alcohol? H.Do you drink alcohol?
9.No, no bebo alcohol. I.No, I don’t drink alcohol.
10.Sí, bebo alcohol. J.Yes, I drink alcohol.
11.Es dulce. K.It’s sweet.
12.Es salado. L.It’s salty.
13.Es ácido. M.It’s sour.
14.¿Te gusta? N.Does it taste good?
15.¡Sí, me gusta mucho! O.Yes, very good.
16.Está bueno. P.It’s delicious.
17.¡ No, no me gusta! Q.No, that doesn’t taste good.
18.Sabe amargo. R.It tastes bitter.
Notes
94
Listening Activity: Food
Instructions: Listen to the audio and fill in the gaps.
It’s lunchtime and this is the canteen in a large secondary school and
there are some hungry students.
–Do you have lunch at the school canteen? –Yeah. Yeah. Yes, I do. Yes,
I have packed lunch. Once a week on Wednesdays.
-______________________________________? – Usually _________
__________________ or baked potatoes. I normally just eat sandwiches, but
I do like to have cakes as well. ___________________________________
and there’s also little bits and bobs like a yoghurt. Sometimes _____________
______________________________________, which I like, yeah. At break I
normally have like ___________________________________ thing and at
lunch I have a Panini or something. Usually pizza from the canteen and a
drink.
-___________________________________? –Fizzy apple water. I like
the idea of fizzy drink, which is a bit like lemonade, which I like. Water, coke,
fizzy drinks.
-_____________________________________? –Chocolate! You can’t
argue with chocolate. Pizza. I like all foods pretty much so, I don’t know, curry
or Italian or something. __________________________________________.
Notes
95
Reading Activity: Food at School
It’s lunchtime and this is the canteen in a large secondary school and
there are some hungry students.
–Do you have lunch at the school canteen? –Yeah. Yeah. Yes, I
do. Yes, I have packed lunch. Once a week on Wednesdays.
5 -And what do you eat? – Usually I eat pasta or baked potatoes. I
normally just eat sandwiches, but I do like to have cakes as well. I have
sandwiches and there’s also little bits and bobs like a yoghurt.
Sometimes I have chocolates, which I like, yeah. At break I normally
have like a milkshake and a pizza thing and at lunch I have a panini or
10 something. Usually pizza from the canteen and a drink.
-What do you drink? –Fizzy apple water. I like the idea of fizzy
drink, which is a bit like lemonade, which I like. Water, coke, fizzy drinks.
-What’s your favorite food? –Chocolate! You can’t argue with
chocolate. Pizza. I like all foods pretty much so, I don’t know, curry or
15 Italian or something. I like chocolate but as a main food I like pizza.
96
Reading Comprehension Exercise
questions.
1. What do people usually do at a 2. From the third paragraph we

canteen? can infer that the speakers
A. Play NEVER eat
B. Study A. Italian food
C. Eat B. British food
D. Run C. Junk food
D. Mexican food
3. What drink is NOT in fourth 4. What word changes the
paragraph? meaning of the following
A. Water question What’s your “favorite”
B. Sodas food?
C. Orangeade A. preferred
D. Lemonade B. ideal
C. unwanted
D. perfect
97
Useful Language: To Talk About Likes and Dislikes
Instructions: Analyze the following information about likes and dislikes
when talking about food preferences.
Likes and Dislikes
1. I love coconut. 2. I really like chocolate ice
cream.
3. My favorite food is… 4. My favorite dish is…
5. I’m not keen on eating meat. 6. I can’t stand eating raw fish.
7. I can’t bear eating chicken. 8. I hate cauliflower.
Preferences
A. I prefer juice to sodas. B. I’d rather drink tea than
coffee.
C. I’m good at cooking. D. I can only cook…
E. My specialty… F. The thing I’m best at cooking
is…
Notes
Speaking Strategy: Describing Dishes

Information
When you want to describe a dish, usually you mention the following
elements in this order
• The restaurant
• If the dish was a starter, a mina course or a dessert
• The name of the dish
• Our opinion
• Ingredients
When we walk about different courses, we use the following
expressions:
For a starter, I had… For a main course, I had… For dessert, I had…
(De entrada, me comí…) (De platillo principal, me comí…) (De postre, me comí…)
98
Writing Activity: What I Ate
Instructions: By using the information below, write what you ate.
Example A.:
Last night I went to a Mexican restaurant. For a main course, I had red
pozole. It was very good. It’s made with pork and corn.
A Restaurant Part of Dish Opinion Ingredients

meal
Mexican Main Menudo Very good Pork and corn
B Restaurant Part of Dish Opinion Ingredients

meal
Japanese Main Sushi Tasty Rice and Shrimp
C Restaurant Part of Dish Opinion Ingredients

meal
Indian Main Chicken Quite spicy Chicken and
Curry spices
99
Speaking Activity: Food
Instructions:
A. Organize the words to make coherent questions.
B. Once you finished, compare your questions with the ones on the
following page.
C. Develop your thoughts on the questions, and be ready for the
speaking practice in class.
1. Words: food? – your favorite – What’s
Question: _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Answer: ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2. Words: alone or – prefer eating – Do you – with other people? – Why?
Question: _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Answer: ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3. Words: do you – What food – dislike?
Question: _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Answer: ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
4. Words: What is – of a perfect meal? – your idea
Question: _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Answer: ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
5. Words: like to try – Do you – new food and drinks?
Question: _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Answer: ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
6. Words: restaurant or place to eat? – favorite – Which is your
Question: _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Answer:_________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
100
7. Words: how to cook? – Do you know
Question: _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Answer: ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
8. Words: What are – national and international dishes? – your favorite
Question: _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Answer: ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
9. Words: like – junk food? – Do you
Question: _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Answer: ________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
101
Speaking Activity: Questions
Instructions: Compare your questions with the ones in here.
1. What’s your favorite food?
2. Do you prefer eating alone or with other people? Why?
3. What food do you dislike?
4. What is your idea of a perfect meal?
5. Do you like to try new food and drinks?
6. Which is your favorite restaurant or place to eat?
7. Do you know how to cook?
8. What are your favorite national and international dishes?
9. Do you like junk food?
Notes
102
Unit 7: This – These & That - Those
Objectives:
• I will learn how to use This – These & That – Those as determiners.
• I will learn how to use This – These & That – Those as demonstrative
pronouns.
Instructions: Analyze the following information and take notes.
• This, these, that and those are used to refer to people or things.
• This and That are singular.
• These and Those are plural.
This – These & That – Those in Spanish

This = Esta / Esto These – Estas / That= Esa / Eso Those = Esos /
Estos Esas
This is my car. These are my That is my car. Those are my

(Este es mi carro.) books. (Ese es mi carro.) books.
(Estos son mis libros.) (Esos son mis libros.)
This – These & That – Those as Determiners

When we use this – these & that – those as determiners, we have to
use a noun as a reference.
Examples: I like this painting. Those apples are delicious.
• Demonstratives Determiners are used to refer to a person, object,

time or distance.
• Determiners are words placed in front of a noun to make it clear what
the noun refers to.
• Determiners are used to identify things.
This – These & That – Those to Indicate Distance

1. We use this and these for things near the speaker/s.
• Examples:
➢ This is my car. (Este es mi carro.)
➢ These are my books. (Estos son mis libros.)
2. We use that and those for things far away / further away the speaker/s.
• Examples:
➢ That is my car. (Ese es mi carro.)
➢ Those are my books. (Esos son mis libros.)
103
Time Phrases
3. We often use this with words describing time and dates like morning,
afternoon, evening, week, month, year to refer to ‘a time in the
present’ or ‘a time in the future.’
• Examples:
➢ Maria is in France all this week. (María está en Francia toda esta semana.)
➢ Rose was outside this morning. (Rose estuvo afuera esta semana.)
➢ My family and I will eat together this evening. (Mi familia y yo
comeremos juntos esta noche.)
Time
4. We use this / these to indicate what is close in time.
• Examples
➢ This is the best time. (Este es el mejor tiempo.)
➢ These are the most difficult days. (Estos son los días más difíciles.)
5. We use that / those to indicate what is far in time.
• Examples
➢ That was the best time. (Ese fue el mejor tiempo.)
➢ Those were the most difficult days. (Esos fueron los días más difíciles.)
Referring to people and objects

6. We can use this / these to introduce people or to show something.
• Examples
➢ This is Ann Clarkson and there are her two children, Elizabeth
and John.
(In this case, this helps to introduce a person who is near Ann Clarkson)
➢ Linda, this is my mother, Anne.
(In this case, this helps to introduce a person who is near Mother Anne)
7. We can use that / those to identify people or things in the distance.

• Examples
➢ That’s Mr. Herrera and those are his two sons, Arthur and
Caesar.
(In this case, that helps to introduce a person who is far Mr. Herrera.
Those helps to introduce people who are fa Arthur and Caesar)
➢ Is that your brother over there?
(In this case, that helps to introduce a person who is far your brother.)
Notes
104
This – These & That – Those as Pronouns
1. We use this, that, these and those to substitute a noun, when the meaning
is clear.
• Example
➢ A student finished his homework, and he says to his
friend:
That was easy! (That = Homework)
➢ Mike meets his mother at the station. He picks un her
suitcases, and he says:
These are heavy! (These= the cases)
This – These & That – Those to Refer to Things or Ideas
2. We normally use this, that, these and those as pronouns to refer to things
or ideas:
• Examples
➢ We’re going to eat first and then go to the film,
Are you happy with that?
(In this case that refers to the idea of eating first, then going to the film.)
➢ Put the butter, chocolate and sugar in a pan.
Heat this over a low flame until it melts.
(In this case this refers to the mix of butter, chocolate and sugar.)
➢ Situation: Your brother bought a new pair of shoes and you
want to know their color.
You ask: What color are those?
(In this case those refers to shoes.)
Instructions: Write each of the words this, that, these and those in the
correct place.
Near Further away
Singular
Plural
105
Grammatical Activity: This or These
Instructions: Analyze these sentences and put this or these in the gaps.
Example: I would like to buy this book, please. How much is it?
1. Do you know where _________________________ bus goes, please?

2. ______________________ questions are difficult. Could you help me?
3. ______________________ sandwiches are delicious. I really like them.
4. ________________________ is wonderful! I love a hot bath after work.
5. Have you got some cheaper pens? ____________ are very expensive.
Grammatical Activity: That or Those

Instructions: Analyze these sentences and put that or those in the gaps.
6. Look at ________________________clouds. I’m sure it’s going to rain.

7. Do you like ________________________________ car? I really like it.
8. Let’s cross the road. _______________________________ taxi is free.
9. ____________ departments are all very expensive, because they’re in
the center of town.
10. _______________________________ is beautiful! I love that painting.
106
Grammatical Activity: How much…? And These or Those
Instructions: Analyze the following picture. Ask how much the fruit and
vegetables are. Use How much…? And these or those.
➢ Example 1 2 3 4
• Example 5 6 7 8
Hello. What would you like?
➢ How much are those cucumbers?

• How much are these pears?
1. ________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________
6. ________________________________________________________
7. ________________________________________________________
8. ________________________________________________________
107
Grammatical Activity: Demonstrative Pronouns
Instructions: Analyze the following conversation. Then, put this, that,
these or those in dialogues.
Caesar: It’s very pleasant to sit here on * this terrace in the middle of (1)
_______ mountains.
Katherine: Yes, and the food is delicious. (2) _____________ olives are really
tasty.
Caesar: Really tasty, yes, but (3) _________ one’s bad. What are (4)
____________ people over there eating?
Katherine: Oh, (5) ___________ is fondue. It’s made with cheese. You see,
they take one of (6) ____________ little pieces of bread and then dip it in (7)
__________ pot with the cheese in it.
Caesar: We can try (8) ____________ if we come again.
Katherine: All the local restaurants serve it. So, if we don’t come back here,
we can have it at (9) _____________ little restaurant in the village.
Caesar: Yes, but in the village, you don’t have (10) _____________ wonderful
view of the mountains.
108
Grammatical Activity: Demonstrative Pronouns
Instructions: Complete the conversations. Use this, that, these and
those.
• Johana: Are we eating together this afternoon?
• Karla: I can’t make it today. I have a lot of work to finish.
1. Leonel: I hear you’ve got a new car.
Smith: __________’s right. I bought it last week.
2. Maria: What’s the matter?
Salvador: __________ software is not working properly.
3. Elizabeth: I’m having so much fun here.
Kimberly: I know. __________ place is so great.
4. Cesar: What happened? You look really tired.
Arthur: We moved all __________ furniture upstairs.
5. Michelle: How long have you lived in __________ country?
Laura: I have lived in __________ country for 2 years.
6. Carmen: Hello. __________ is Carmen. Can I speak to Erick, please?
Katherine: I’m sorry. He is not here at the moment.
109
Unit 8: Possessive Adjectives
Objectives
• I will learn how to use possessive adjectives.
Instructions: Analyze the following charts about possessive adjectives.
Object Possessive Spanish
Pronoun Adjective
I My Mi
You Your Tu - Tus / Su – Sus (de usted)
He His Su – sus (de él)
She Her Su – Sus (de ella)
It Its Su – Sus (de todo aquello que no es humano en singular)
We Our Nuestro – Nuestra / Nuestros – Nuestras
They Their Su – Sus de ellos
They Their Su – sus (de todo aquello que no es humano en plural)
Possessive Adjectives Uses
Instructions: Analyze the following information about possessive
adjectives and take notes.
1. Possessive adjectives indicate possession.
2. Possessive adjectives are used before a noun.
3. Possessive adjectives, in contrast to Spanish, never change their
forms. They always keep their form either in singular or plural.
4. Nouns indicate the singular or plural with possessive adjectives.
Singular Examples Plural Examples
My book (Mi libro) My books (Mis libros)
Your car (Tu carro) Your cars (Tus carros)
His jacket (Su chamara) His jackets (Sus chamarras)
Her left hand (Su mano izquierda) Her hands (Sus manos)
Its toy (Su juguete) Its toys (Sus juguetes)
Our house (nuestra casa) Our houses (Nuestras casas)
Their son (Su hijo) Their sons (Sus hijos)
Explanation:
•As we can see, in these previous examples, the nouns (book – books, hand – hands,
house – houses) are the ones that indicate singular or plural.
•In addition, the possessive adjectives can be used with male or female.
Notes
110
Possessive Adjective ’S or S’
1. We use apostrophe s (’s), also called possessive ’s, as a determiner
to indicate that something belongs to someone or something.
2. Generally speaking, we use apostrophe s (’s), with a person.
• Examples:
➢ Virginia’s idea is very ambitious. (La idea de Virginia es muy ambiciosa)
➢ Robert’s cars are black. (Lo carros de Robert son negros.)
Explanation:
•Possessive adjective ’s indicates the Spanish idea “De” of possession.
•Possessive adjective ’s does not indicate pluralization but possession.
•In these previous examples, the nouns (idea - cars) are the ones that indicate
singular or plural.
•In addition, we have to use verb to be accordingly to the noun we are using,
i.e. idea is, cars are.
•Finally, it is very important to notice that when we talk about a person, we
do not use the in English but we do in Spanish (La idea de…- Los carros de…)
because ’s determines the possession.
Notes
Special Rules for using possessive ’s

Singular
1. When the noun is singular and ends with S, we have two options:
I. Add the apostrophe of possession and extra S.
• Examples:
➢ Charles’s son is Colombian.
➢ Luis’s house is orange.
II. Only add the apostrophe of possession.
• Examples:
➢ Charles’ son is Colombian.
➢ Luis’ house is orange.
Notes
111
Plural
2. When the noun is in plural and ends with S, we have to add only
the Apostrophe of Possession.
• Examples:
➢ The students’ books are green.
➢ The girls’ dolls are on the floor.
Notes
Plural without S
3. When the noun is in plural but it does not end with S, we have to
have include ’s (the Apostrophe of Possession and the extra S)
• Examples:
➢ The children’s jeans are on the drawers.
➢ The men’s cars are outside.
Notes
Groups and the Same Object

4. When we want to express that a group of people own the same
object, we have to add ’s to the last person of the group.
• Examples:
➢ Karla, Samantha and Virginia’s dog is very playful.
➢ Elizabeth and Joseph’s sons are students.
Notes
112
A Group and Different Objects
5. When there is a group of people and we want to express that each
person possesses the object, we have to add ’s to each person.
• Examples:
➢ Karla’s, Samantha’s and Virginia’s dogs are very
playful.
➢ Elizabeth’s and Joseph’s sons are students.
Notes
Precautions
Instructions: Read the following information and take notes.
• We do not use a / an or the with possessive adjectives.
Incorrect Examples Correct Examples
It’s a my bag. It’s my bag.
They’re the our sons. They’re our sons.
He is cutting the his hair. He is cutting his hair.
Notes
Her vs. His

•We have to be careful with these possessive pronouns her refers to one
woman while his refers to one man.
•Her husband is a carpenter. (Su esposo, de ella, es un carpintero.)
•His wife is an accountant. (Su esposa, de él, es una contadora.)
Notes
Its vs. It’s

▪ Its is the possessive adjective ▪ It’s is the contraction form of it
of It. is.
▪ Its does not need an ▪ It’s needs an apostrophe’.
apostrophe’. Example:
Example: It’s hot today.
I have a new dog. Its name is Spark.
Notes
113
Possessive ’S vs. Of
Apostrophe of Possession + S Of
• To indicate possession for • To indicate possession for
people or animals. things
➢ Monica’s dress I. Use Of:
➢ The dog’s house ➢ The end of the road.
I. For expressions of time, ’s or s’ ➢ The smell of cooking
is used ➢ The leader of the party.
➢ A fortnight’s II. For common nouns (house, car,
holiday school, table, etc.) of is not
➢ Two week’s rest necessary, and the word position
changes
➢ Car keys
➢ The kitchen door
➢ A bus driver
III. Always use of with the words
front, top, bottom, back, end
➢ The bottom of the garden
➢ The front of the house
114
Grammatical Activity: Possessive Adjective
Instructions: Write the correct possessive adjective.
•Example: This bag belongs to me. This is my bag.
1. These high heels belong to Sophia. These are _____________ high
heels.
2. That cap belongs to you. That’s _____________ cap.
3. This apartment belongs to them. This is _____________ apartment.
4. These pencils belong to us. These are _____________ pencils.
5. Those books belong to him. Those are _____________ books.
6. These keys belong to me. These are _____________ keys.
7. That boat belongs to us. That is _____________ boat.
8. Those coats belong to her. Those are _____________ coats.
9. Those toys belong to them. Those are _____________ toys.
10. That food belongs to it. That is _____________ food.
Instructions: Use the correct possessive adjective to complete the
sentences.
• Example: Where are the boys’ books? (books / boys)
1. I have to open the ______________________________. (door / car)
2. His keys are in ____________________________. (pocket / his suit)
3. The ____________________________ are ironed. (uniforms / children)
4. Camila put her suitcase in the ________________________ (trunk / car).
5. Our room is at the ______________________________ (front / hotel).
6. We always sit on the _______________________ (carpet / sitting-room).
7. The kids broke the ______________________________ (leg / chair)
8. I have a ______________________________ (rest / week) from work.
9. Would you turn on the __________________________ (light / Kitchen)?
115
Instructions: Write the correct possessive adjective based on the
subject.
Example: Is this ________ camera? (You) Is this your camera?
1. Excuse me, these are ________ seats. (we)
2. Do you know where ______ keys are? (I)
3. These are __________ important documents. (Gabriela)
4. _______________ book is on the table. (He)
5. Where are _______________ books? (I)
6. Does she live with _______________ parents? (She)
7. Where are _______________ friends? (You)

8. They still live with _______________ family in Toronto. (They)
Grammatical Activity: Apostrophe of Possession
Instructions: Put the apostrophe (') and s where necessary.
• Example: We will talk with John clients.
We will talk with John’s clients.
1. We can borrow my father car.
_______________________________________________________.
2. Do you know Ale friends?
_______________________________________________________.
3. Johan will talk with Karla parents because they will marry soon.
_______________________________________________________.
4. Howard car is with the mechanic because it is broken.
_______________________________________________________.
5. Campbell ideas are innovative for his business.
_______________________________________________________.
6. Elizabeth purse is on her bed but Ale purse is on the table.
_______________________________________________________.
7. Alexis car keys and cellphone are lost.
________________________________________________________
8. Something is hurting the animal foot.
_______________________________________________________.
9. I will call the company clients to have a meeting tomorrow morning.
_______________________________________________________.
10. Mary and Pat will spend the night in their friend house.
_______________________________________________________.
116
Unit 9: Make and Do
Objective
• I will learn the uses and differences between Make, Do.
Instructions: Read the following information about Make and take notes.
1. We use make in sentences with connotations about constructions,
preparation, invention or creation.
“Make: Construction”
• Example:
➢ The bricklayer is making a house. (El albañil está construyendo una casa.)
Explanation
➢ In this example, make has the connotation of construction.
• Example:
➢ The engineers are making a bridge. (Los ingenieros están construyendo un
puente.)
Explanation
➢ In this example, make has the connotation of construction.
“Make: Preparation”
• Example:
➢ The kids always make their breakfast. (Los niños siempre preparan su desayuno.)
Explanation
➢ In this example, make has the connotation of preparation.
• Example:
➢ Natalia is making a delicious cake. (Natalia está preparando un pastel.)
Explanation
➢ In this example, make has the connotation of preparation.
“Make: Creation”
• Example:
➢ The engineer is making a software. (El ingeniero está creando un software.)
Explanation
➢ In this example, make has the connotation of creation.
• Example:
➢ John is making a recipe. (John está creando una receta.)
Explanation
➢ In this example, make has the connotation of creation.
117
“Make: Invention”
• Example:
➢ Peter is making a poem. (Peter está inventando un poema.)
Explanation
➢ In this example, make has the connotation of invention.
• Example:
➢ Erick always makes stories. (Erick siempre inventa historias.)
Explanation: In this example, make has the connotation of invention.
Make Special Phrases

I. There are special phrases that have to be used with the verb make:
• Examples:
➢ Make a cup of coffee
Can you make me a cup of coffee?
➢ Make a fire
We always make a fire in the woods.
➢ Make some sandwiches
Maria makes some delicious sandwiches.
➢ Make a phone call
Excuse me. I need to make a phone call.
➢ Make a lot of mistakes
He always makes a lot of mistakes.
➢ Make a lot of noise
My neighbor always makes a lot of noise in the morning.
Make a Volver de Make a face at Enfrentar a

comeback manera exitosa (sb) / (sth) alguien / algo
Make a fool of Ridiculizar a Make a fuss of Hacer bulla a
(sb) alguien (sb) alguien
Make a living Ganarse la vida Make a story Inventar una
historia
Make a mess Hacer un Make a scene Hacer una
desorden escena
Make an effort Hacer un Make an Hacer una cita
esfuerzo appointment
Make an Hacer un Make an Hacer una
example ejemplo exception excepción
Make an Hacer una Make an Hacer un
impression impresión arrangement acuerdo
118
Make friends Hacer amigos Make money Ganar/Hacer
dinero
Make love to Hacer el amor a Make a mistake Cometer un error
(sb) alguien
Make (oneself) Sentirse como en Make peace Hacer la paz
at home casa
Make the bed Hacer la cama Make up Maquillar /
Inventar
Make a phone Hacer una Make a speech Dar un discurso
call llamada
Make a payment Hacer un pago Make noise Hacer ruido
Make food Preparar la Make drinks Preparar las
comida bebidas
Make songs Crear canciones Make poems Inventar poemas
Make Inventar Make an essay Hacer un ensayo
compositions composiciones
Make excuses Inventar escusas Make a date Hacer una cita
Make a move Hacer un Make out Liarse con
movimiento alguien
Notes
119
Do
Instructions: Read the following information about Do and take notes.
2. We use do in sentences with connotations about Performing or
Undertaking.
In Spanish, Do indicates the connotations of llevar a cabo, realizar.
“Do: Performing”
• Example:
➢ She is doing her homework. (Ella está haciendo su tarea. Realiza su tarea.)
Explanation
➢ In this example, do has the connotation of performing.
• Example:
➢ We do exercise every day. (Nosotros hacemos ejercicio todos los días. Realizamos
ejercicio.)
Explanation
➢ In this example, do has the connotation of performing.
“Do: Undertaking”
• Example:
➢ They do the shopping on Saturday. (Ellos hacen las compras en sábado.)
Explanation
➢ In this example, do has the connotation of undertaking
• Example:
➢ She does the washing-up sometimes. (Ella lava los trastes algunas veces.)
Explanation
➢ In this example, does has the connotation of undertaking.
“Do Common Phrases”
Do a job Realizar un Do (sth) in Realizar algo en
trabajo secret secreto
Do your best Hacer lo mejor Do your duty Cumplir con tus
deberes
Do (sb) good Hacer el bien a Do your own Realizar tus propias
alguien thing cosas
Do a trick Realizar un truco Do (sth) by had Realizar algo a mano
Do justice Hacer justiciar Do (sth) on Hacer algo a
purpose propósito
Do the Lavar los trastes Do (sth) over Hacer algo de nuevo
dishes again
Do the Hacer los Do (sb) damage Hacer daño a alguien
honors honores
120
Do a favor Hacer un favor Do shopping Hacer las compras
Do the nails Hacer las uñas Do the cleaning Realizar la limpieza
Do science Hacer ciencia Do engineering Hacer ingeniería
Do business Hacer negocio Do the Realizar la tarea
homework
Do the hair Arreglarse el Do the Realizar los deberes
cabello housework del hogar
Notes
121
Grammatical Activity: Make vs. Do
Instructions: Complete the sentences using Make or Do.
• Example: He _________________ a cup of coffee every morning.
He makes a cup of coffee every morning.
1. Katherine likes to _________________ her nails.
2. You have to _________________ it over again.
3. Elizabeth _________________ her job easily.
4. We have to _________________ our homework every afternoon.
5. John very often _________________ mistakes under pressure.
6. Arthur _________________ delicious sandwiches.
7. They _________________ the shopping in the mornings.
8. Anthony likes to _________________ his own thing.
9. We always _________________ a fire in the forest.
10. Can I _________________a phone call, please?
11. The neighbors always _________________ a lot of noise.
12. They like to _________________ exercise in the mornings.
122
Unit 10: But & So
Objectives
• I will learn how to use But.
• I will learn how to use So.
Instructions: Read and analyze the following information about “But”.
Take notes and do the exercises.
1. Conjunctions are linking words to connect ideas.
2. “but” contrasts two different ideas.
3. But connects words which are the same grammatical type, e.g.
words, phrases, sentences.
4. In Spanish, but indicates pero, sino, excepto.
• Example:
➢ Situation: She speaks English. She doesn’t speak Chinese.
➢ She speaks English, but she doesn’t speak Chinese.
(Ella habla inglés, pero no habla chino.)
Explanation
• In this example, we can observe how to contrast two ideas, she speaks
English, and she doesn’t speak Chinese.
• We use a comma and but at the beginning of the contrasting sentence.
• Example:
➢ Situation: I live in Camphor Way Lake. I work in Huntington
Beach.
➢ I live in Camphor Way Lake, but I work in Huntington Beach.
(Yo vivo en Camphor Way Lake, pero trabajo en Huntington Beach.)
Explanation
• In this example, we can observe how to contrast two ideas, I live in
Camphor Way Lake, and I work in Huntington Beach.
• Example:
➢ Situation: We usually go to work on bus. Sometimes, we go by
car.
➢ We usually go to work on bus, but we sometimes go by car.
Explanation
• In this example, we can observe how to contrast two ideas, we usually go
to work on bus, and we sometimes go by car.
123
Examples with Similar Words
• Example:
➢ I don’t want the blue jeans but the black ones.
Explanation
• In this example, blue and black are similar words adjectives.
Therefore, we can use but to contrast the words.
• Example:
➢ Dany doesn’t like to play soccer but basketball.
Explanation.
• In this example, soccer and basketball are similar words nouns.
Therefore, we can use but to contrast them
Example with But Omitting the Same Subject
Examples Including the Subject Examples Omitting the Subject

Mike is sick, but he continues studying. Mike is sick but continues studying.
Explanation
• Mike is sick (It is a complete sentence 😊 + verb + complement.)
• but (but is a conjunction to connect an idea with a contrasting idea)
• continues studying
➢ We omit the subject, Mike, in the second sentence but we know that we are talking about
Mike.
Examples Including the Subject Examples Omitting the Subject

She likes to sing, but she dislikes to She likes to sing but dislikes to dance.
dance.
Explanation
• She likes to sing (It is a complete sentence 😊 + verb + complement.)
• but (but is a conjunction to connect an idea with a contrasting idea)
• dislikes to dance
➢ We omit the subject, Maria, in the second sentence but we know that we are talking about
Maria.
Notes
124
So
Instructions: Read and analyze the following information about “So”.
Take notes and do the exercises.
1. We use so to talk about the result of something.

2. So links two actions.
3. In Spanish, so indicates entonces
• Example:
Situation Result
I am tired. I’m going to bed.
I’m tired, so I’m going to bed.
Explanation
• In this example, we can observe how so shows the result of an action.
• We use a comma and so at the beginning of the sentence indicating the
result.
• Example:
Situation Result
We are hungry. We go to a restaurant.
We are hungry, so we go to a restaurant.
Explanation
• In this example, we can observe how so shows the result of an action.
• We use a comma and so at the beginning of the sentence indicating the
result.
125
Grammatical Activity: But or So
Instructions: Put but or so in the gaps.
• Example: The film is very but it is interesting
long, so we have to buy extra-large
popcorns.
the food is terrible.

1. The restaurant is really
expensive we can go there when we get
paid.
2. I always study hard I don’t have much free time.
I’m not making much

progress.
3. I’ve got her address I can visit her.
I don’t have her phone

number.
4. We want to watch a movie we decided to watch it at

home.
the cinema is closed
5. They don’t have car insurance they have to get one.
it was not necessary this time.
6. The bus is late we have to wait for it.
John is driving us to work.
126

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We Love Your Triumphs

Unit 1: Daily Routine..................................................................................... 3

Vocabulary Activity: Talking about Names and Ages

5.Gracias. / Muchas gracias. E.Thanks / Thank you

6.De nada. F.You’re welcome.

7.Con mucho gusto. G.With pleasure

8.De nada. H.Anytime

9.No hay problema. I.No problem!

10.¡No importa! J.It doesn’t matter.

12.¡Mucha suerte! L.Good luck!

13.Me alegro. M.I’m glad.

14.¡Qué bien! N.That’s great!

16.¡De ninguna manera! P.No way!

17.Lamentablemente, no es posible. Q.Unfortunately, it’s not possible.

2.¿Cómo está usted? B. How are you?

3.Estoy bien, gracias. C. I’m fine, thank you.

4.No estoy muy bien. D. I’m not so well.

5.Estoy mal. E. I’m not doing well.

6.Estoy contenta (o). / Soy feliz. F. I’m happy.

7.Estoy cansada (o). G. I’m tired.

8.Estoy enferma (o). H. I’m sick.

9.Estoy resfriada (o). I. I have a cold.

10.Estoy estresada (o.) J. I’m stressed out.

11.Estoy enojada (o). K. I’m angry!

12.Estoy triste. L. I’m sad.

13.Necesito ayuda. M. I need help.

2.¿De dónde es usted? B.Where are you from?

3.Soy de Rusia. C.I’m from Russia.

4.Somos de Turquía. D.We’re from Turkey.

5.Soy de cerca de Berlin. E.I come from near Berlin.

6.El país F.Country

7.La ciudad G.City

8.¿Dónde está? H.Where is that?

9.Es una ciudad en Alemania. I.It’s a city in Germany.

10.¡Bienvenido (s)! J.Welcome!

14.América del Norte N.North America

15.América del Sur O.South America

2.¿Dónde vive usted? B. Where do you live?

3.Vivo en Berlín. C. I live in Berlin.

4.Queda en el este de Alemania. D. That is in eastern Germany.

5.Vivimos en un pueblo. E. We live in a village.

6.Vivo en el campo. F. I live in the country.

7.¿Dónde está eso? G. Where is that?

8.Está en Baviera. H. It’s in Bavaria.

9.el Estado federado I. German state

10.¿Cuál es la dirección? J. What’s the address?

11.La dirección es… K. The address is…

12.Vivo en la Bahnhofstraße. L. I live on Bahnhofstraße.

13.Yo vivo con unos amigos. M. I live with friends.

Critical Thinking Exercise: Giving Personal Information 2

Vocabulary Activity: Daily Activities

2.Está sucio. B. It’s dirty.

3.El producto de limpieza C. Cleaning detergent

4.El trapo de limpiar D. Cleaning rag

5.Tengo que limpiar la cocina. E. I have to clean the kitchen.

6.Tienes que ordenar el F. You have to clean the apartment.

8.Fregar – Trapear H. To mop – To wipe something

11.¿Dónde está la aspiradora? K. Where is the vacuum cleaner?

12.La basura L. Garbage

13.¿Puedes sacar la basura? M. Can you take out the garbage,

14.Llevar el vidrio al contenedor. N. To take the glass to recycling

2. What’s the phone number? B. It is John Campbell.

3. What’s the email address? C. It’s 618 542 394 684.