SK025

Pre-Lab Module

EXPERIMENT 5
REACTION OF HYDROXY COMPOUNDS

Course Learning Outcome:

Solve chemistry related problems by applying basic concepts and principles in physical and
organic chemistry. (C4, PLO4, CTPS3, MQF LOD6)

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this lesson, students will be able to:
i. identify classes of alcohols
ii. study the chemical properties of alcohols and phenol.

Student Learning Time:

Face-to-face Non face-to-face
1 hour 1 hour

Introduction

1. Name the functional group of alcohol?

hydroxyl

2. Complete the Table 1.

Table 1
Compound Structural formula Class of alcohol

1-pentanol CH3(CH2)4OH primary

OH
2-pentanol CH3(CH2)2CHCH3 secondary
CH3
2-methyl-2-butanol CH3CH2CHCH3 tertiary
OH

Lucas Test

1. What is the function of Lucas test?

lucas test used to differentiate classes of alcohol

2. What is Lucas reagents?

a solution of concentrated HCl+ZnCl2

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Pre-Lab Module

3. State the expected observation for the reaction of alcohol of each following class with
Lucas reagent in Table 2.
Table 2
Class of Alcohol Observation
Primary the solution does not turns cloudy even after 10 minutes

the solution turns cloudy after 10 minutes

Secondary
the solution turns cloudy immediately
Tertiary

Oxidation:

1. State the expected observation for the reaction of alcohol of each following class with
hot, acidified sodium dichromate in Table 3.

Table 3
Class of Alcohol Observation
orange colour of sodium dichromate turns to green
Primary

Secondary orange colour of sodium dichromate turns to green

Tertiary orange colour of sodium dichromate remain unchanged

Confirmatory test for phenol:

1. State the suitable reagent used as confirmatory test for phenol.

bromine water

2. State the expected observation in the confirmatory test for phenol.

white precipitate formed

Procedure

List down 3 precautions during the experiment.

1. avoid source of fire near the alcohol
2. always keep the reagent bottles closed due to alcohol easily vapourize
3. wear gloves while handling the lucas reagent

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Experiment 5 : Data Analysis

1. Write the products for the reaction in following scheme.

HCl(conc), ZnCl2
Cyclohexanol
Na2Cr2O7, H+
Δ

2. The reaction of alcohol A with Lucas reagent gives cloudy solution immediately. Alcohol
B turns the orange colour of hot acidified K2Cr2O7 to green. The reaction of alcohol B
with Lucas reagent gives cloudy solution within 10 minutes. Alcohol C turns the colour
of hot acidified K2Cr2O7 from orange to green while no cloudiness is observed with Lucas
reagent after 10 minutes. State the class of alcohol A, B and C. Give the example for each
class of alcohol.

A= TERTIARY (2-methyl-2-pentanol)

B= SECONDARY (cyclobutanol)

C= PRIMARY (ethanol)

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